Platelets have long been recognized as key players in hemostasis and thrombosis; however, there is growing evidence that they are also involved in cancer. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that platelets can promote tumorigenesis and metastasis through various crosstalks between platelets and cancer cells. Platelets play an active role in all stages of tumorigenesis, including tumor growth, tumor cell extravasation, and metastasis. In addition, thrombocytosis in cancer patients is associated with poor patient survival. Platelets are also well-placed to coordinate local and distant tumor-host interactions due to the a- bundance of microparticles and exosomes. Therefore, antitumor drugs targeting platelets have great development and application prospects. The following will review the research progress of anti-tumor drugs targeting platelets.

This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest advancements in high-throughput protein structural bioinformatics, a field that has undergone a revolutionary transformation with the advent of deep learning-based protein structure prediction systems like AlphaFold2. These systems have significantly increased the accuracy, speed, and scale of protein structure prediction, resulting in an exponential growth in the number of protein structures available for analysis. Notably, the AlphaFold Protein Structure Database (AFDB) has amassed over 214 million protein structures, surpassing the PDB’s 50-year cumulative data by over 1 000-fold within several months. Big data is driving the comprehensive upgrade of protein structural bioinformatics. This review focuses on three main areas: structure data management, tool development, and structure data mining. In the realm of structure data management, the review spotlights the optimization strategy of AlphaFold-like systems, which significantly reduces the resource requirements for protein folding, enabling more researchers to make custom structure predictions and further enlarging the data scale. The resulting “data explosion” has exerted increased pressure on storage and bandwidth, prompting the development of cutting-edge tools such as Foldcomp, PDC, and ProteStAr for compressing PDB files. Moreover, the review underscores the critical role of public repositories like ModelArchive and PDB-Dev in archiving and sharing third-party AlphaFold models. It also highlights the utilization of independent services like MineProt and 3D-Beacons to create more interactive and accessible data portals. In terms of tool development, the review spotlights recent breakthroughs in structure alignment algorithms, represented by Foldseek, which enable ultra-fast searching of large protein structure databases. It also covers tools for functional annotation of proteins based on their structures, including AlphaFill for ligand annotation, DeepFRI for Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, TT3D for protein-protein interaction (PPI) prediction, among others. It is proposed that 3Di sequences born concurrently with Foldseek can enhance many sequence-based deep learning models developed in the pre-AlphaFold era, enabling them to be applied to structure-based function prediction. The challenges on traditional molecular docking methods in the high-throughput era are mentioned at last, in a gesture to arouse the attention of researchers. Finally, the review explores the burgeoning field of structure data mining. Whole proteome structuring has become feasible in recent years, and scientists are processing large structure datasets from an omics viewpoint, continuously identifying analyzable elements and optimizing methodologies, as well as utilizing newly developed tools to push the boundaries. Notable examples include the identification of new protein families, the development of protein structure clustering, and the integration of AlphaFold with conventional experimental techniques to solve large structures. These advancements are paving the way for a deeper understanding of protein structure and function and have the potential to unlock new discoveries in the life sciences. However, the review also acknowledges the challenges and limitations that persist in the field, including the lack of diversity in high-throughput software for protein structural bioinformatics and the existing bottleneck in rapidly predicting protein complex structures. Overall, structural bioinformatics is expected to play an even more crucial role in the life sciences with the development of high-throughput methodology.

Objective:To explore therapeutic effect of sacubitril valsartan sodium combined with Wenxin granule in the treatment of hypertension complicated with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(AF)and its effect on cardiac electro-physiological structure.Methods:A total of 116 patients with hypertension and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation treated in our hospital from Oct 2021 to Nov 2022 were consecutively selected.According to random number table,they were divided into Wenxin granule group(received Wenxin granule treatment based on routine antihypertensive ther-apy)and combined treatment group(received sacubitril valsartan sodium combined Wenxin granule therapy based on routine antihypertensive therapy)with 58 cases in each group,and both groups were consecutively treated for six months.Clinical symptom score,AF burden,P wave duration,P wave dispersion,left atrial diameter(LAD),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDd)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)were compared between two groups before and after treatment.Results:After treatment,compared with Wenxin granule group,there were significant reductions in clinical symptom score[(1.66±0.69)scores vs.(1.40±0.53)scores],AF burden[4.43(1.65)％vs.1.62(3.50)％],P wave duration[(112.17±6.46)ms vs.(109.29±8.59)ms],P wave dispersion[(32.47±8.11)ms vs.(29.02±7.49)ms]and LAD[(34.83±3.41)mm vs.(33.40±3.74)mm]in combined treatment group(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).There were no significant difference in LVEDd and LVEF between two groups,P＞0.05 both.Conclusion:Sacubitril valsartan sodium combined with Wenxin granule can significantly im-prove clinical symptoms and atrial fibrillation burden,reduce the susceptibility to atrial fibrillation,and inhibit atrial electrical remodeling and structural remodeling in patients with hypertension complicated with paroxysmal atrial fi-brillation.

Objective:To explore the application of the semi-flipped classroom combined with knowledge point auction learning method in the theoretical teaching among stomatological students and its effectiveness.Methods:Undergraduates from four classes at Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University were taken as research subjects. Students from two classes ( n=198) were taught using the semi-flipped classroom combined with the knowledge point auction learning method, while students from the other two classes ( n=172) were taught with the regular classroom teaching method as controls. Classroom quizzes were used to compare the two classes' mastery of important and difficult points, and a questionnaire was used to investigate students' feedback on the class outcomes. SPSS 22.0 was used for the independent samples t-test. Results:The mean test score of the experimental class was higher than that of the control class (88.51±11.02 vs. 80.40±8.53). The results of the questionnaire showed that students' interest in the course, comprehension and absorption of knowledge points, degree of satisfaction with the class, and mastery of the contents in sections in the experimental class were significantly higher than those in the control class (7.28±1.51 vs. 9.10±0.73, 6.92±1.44 vs. 8.69±1.62, 6.09±1.87 vs. 7.61±1.46, 6.40±1.04 vs. 7.70±0.86 ).Conclusions:The semi-flipped classroom combined with the knowledge point auction learning method is innovative and achieves good teaching outcomes. It holds promise for wider use in the theoretical teaching of various clinical subjects. To explore the application of the semi-flipped classroom combined with knowledge point auction learning method in the theoretical teaching among stomatological students and its effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE To explore the current status and safety of medication in pregnant patients, and explore the working mode and data accumulation of the pregnancy medication consultation clinic. METHODS All pregnant women who received consultations at the Pregnancy and Lactation Medication Consultation Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from October 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects. Their names, ages, contact information, last menstrual period, and medication use during pregnancy were recorded, and the medication profile and safety of the study population were evaluated. Organized the intervention measures of clinical pharmacists and conducted follow-up studies on their pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS A total of 179 consultation pregnant women were included, and 80% of the patients in the study population used drugs in the unknown pregnancy state, with 3 drugs per capita. The most common reason for drug use was upper respiratory tract infection. The three types of drugs with the highest use rate were traditional Chinese patent medicines, antibacterial drugs, antipyretic and analgesic drugs. The usage rate of B-grade drugs in the study population was the highest, accounting for 51.3%; 8.4% of patients used X-grade medication. One hundred and fifty-one cases were followed up, with a loss of follow-up rate of 15.6%. The recommended acceptance rate of drug risk assessment given by pharmacists for patients was 95.4%. There were 98.7% of patients believe that pregnancy counseling clinics were helpful and could effectively alleviate anxiety. CONCLUSION Pregnancy medication consultation clinics can provide patients with scientific and personalized medication guidance and popular science education, and have significant effects in alleviating anxiety and depression in pregnant women.

The assessment of adverse drug events is an important basis for clinical safety evaluation and post-marketing risk control of drugs,and its causality assessment is gaining increasing attention.The existing methods for assessing the causal relationship between drugs and the occurrence of adverse reactions can be broadly classified into three categories:global introspective methods,standardized methods,and probabilistic methods.At present,there is no systematic introduction of the operational details of the various methods in the domestic literature.This paper compares representative causality assessment methods in terms of definition and concept,methodological steps,industry evaluation and advantages and disadvantages,clarifies the basic process of determining the causality of adverse drug reactions,and discusses how to further improve the adverse drug reaction monitoring and evaluation system,with a view to providing a reference for drug development and pharmacovigilance work in China.

A number of chimeric antigen receptor T cells have been marketed in China,which bring new therapeutic options for patients with hematologic tumors.Compared with other drugs,the clinical application of such living cell products has certain special features.Package insert is the carrier of basic information,safety and effectiveness data of drugs,and is an important basis of rationally use for medical personnel and patients.In this paper,we mainly discuss the requirements for writing package inserts of chimeric antigen receptor T cells with cases,in order to provide reference for package inserts and improve the understanding in clinical application.

Objective This study aimed to compare the current Essen rabies post-exposure immunization schedule(0-3-7-14-28)in China and the simple 4-dose schedule(0-3-7-14)newly recommended by the World Health Organization in terms of their safety,efficacy,and protection. Methods Mice were vaccinated according to different immunization schedules,and blood was collected for detection of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies(RVNAs)on days 14,21,28,35,and 120 after the first immunization.Additionally,different groups of mice were injected with lethal doses of the CVS-11 virus on day 0,subjected to different rabies immunization schedules,and assessed for morbidity and death status.In a clinical trial,185 rabies-exposed individuals were selected for post-exposure vaccination according to the Essen schedule,and blood was collected for RVNAs detection on days 28 and 42 after the first immunization. Results A statistically significant difference in RVNAs between mice in the Essen and 0-3-7-14 schedule groups was observed on the 35th day(P<0.05).The groups 0-3-7-14,0-3-7-21,and 0-3-7-28 showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in RVNAs levels at any time point.The post-exposure immune protective test showed that the survival rate of mice in the control group was 20%,whereas that in the immunization groups was 40%.In the clinical trial,the RVNAs positive conversion rates on days 28(14 days after 4 doses)and 42(14 days after 5 doses)were both 100%,and no significant difference in RVNAs levels was observed(P>0.05). Conclusion The simple 4-dose schedule can produce sufficient RVNAs levels,with no significant effect of a delayed fourth vaccine dose(14-28 d)on the immunization potential.

Objective:To clarify the transitional components in the blood of compound Banlangen Granules; To explore the mechanism of drugs in the treatment of epidemic encephalitis B, hepatitis and parotitis.Methods:The transitional components in blood of compound Banlangen Granules were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The regulatory targets and pathways of compound Banlangen Granules in the treatment of epidemic encephalitis B, hepatitis and parotitis were analyzed based on UPLC-MS/MS and network pharmacology.Results:A total of 9 blood components were identified, of which 8 were prototype components, including sucrose, o-aminobenzoic acid, uridine, adenosine, guanosine, indole-3-acetonitrile-2 murine-S-β-D-glucopyranoside and salicylic acid. Through network pharmacological analysis, it was concluded that compound Banlangen Granules may treat epidemic encephalitis B, hepatitis and parotitis by regulating lipid and atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, IL-17 and other signal pathways.Conclusion:The 9 blood components of compound Banlangen Granules may treat epidemic encephalitis B, hepatitis and parotitis by regulating lipid and atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, IL-17 and other signal pathways.

Objective To design a pressure reading system for splinting distal radius fractures to enable real-time monitoring of splint fixation pressure.Methods A pressure reading system for splinting distal radius fractures was developed with the components of a main contrl unit,a pressure and temperature acquisition unit and a power management unit.The main control unit had a STC15 series SCM as the main control chip,and the pressure and temperature acquisition unit was realized with a FSR400 thin film pressure sensor and a DS18B20 digital temperature measurement chip.The software of the system was developed with C language.The system developed was used to test the magnitude and distribution of the pressure on the splints by applying loads on the fixation straps at 90°,60° and 30° directions to the willow splint and 3D printing splint,respectively,with the total mass of the loads increased from 600 g to 1 200 g and each test repeated by 6 times.Results The system developed was capable of collecting the pressure values at real time and showed them on the display screen.The maximum pressure always occurred at the the connection between the fixation straps and the edge of the splints and the middle parts of the splints were subject to relatively low pressure in case of different loads,when the fixation straps were 90°,60° and 30° to the willow splint and 3D printing splint respectively.The maximum pressure on the willow splint was(239.17±4.49)g when the fixation strap was 90° to the splint and loaded with 1 200 g;the minimum pressure on the willow splint was(89.83±17.38)g when the fixation strap was 60° to the splint and loaded with 600 g.The maximum pressure on the 3D printing splint was(177.67±21.77)g when the fixation strap was 90° to the splint and loaded with 1 100 g;the minimum pressure was(66.50±3.02)g for the 3D printing splint when the fixation strap was 30° to the splint and loaded with 600 g.Conclusion The ssystem developed can read pressure values of the splint under different loads and angles,and the 3D printing splint behaves better than the willow splint in the evenness of pressure distribution.Theoretical references are provided for quantitative clinical treatment with splint fixation.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(8):44-50]