Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the psychological distress related to quality of life (QoL) of patients with colorectal cancer receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy at home with disposable Elastomeric infusion pumps. Methods: In this study, 179 colorectal outpatients were recruited between September 2019 and January 2021. National Cancer Center Psychological Symptom Inventory scores, general self-efficacy, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 scores were measured. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc analysis, and hierarchical multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 26.0 programs. Results: The overall prevalence of psychological distress was 52.0% in colorectal patients. In multiple regression, psychological distress (β=-.20, p=.005), appetite loss (β=-.20, p=.001), chemotherapy cycles (β= .19, p=.002), fatigue (β=-.16, p=.035), physical functioning (β=-.16, p=.024), and emotional functioning (β=-.15, p=.025) were significant factors of QoL, and the final model explained 45.0% of the total variance of QoL. Conclusion Supporting patients toward decreased psychological distress and increased physical and emotional functioning, especially in the first or second cycle of chemotherapy, could be used to improve their QoL. To consider the thresholds for clinical importance, it is necessary to increase the interpretation of psychological distress in clinical practice and further research.

To provide high-quality training to residents in a rapidly changing medical environment, it is very important to improve the annual training curriculum centered on competency and ensure that training hospitals maintain an environment suitable for training. The Korean Society of Radiology (KSR) has been steadily improving the training system and has suggested the improvement of the training system by strengthening the competency-based evaluation and faculty development. Currently, KSR was selected for the second annual training curriculum systematization construction project in July 2021, and developed entrustable professional activities, core competencies, and assessment guidelines required by the construction project. Therefore, the development process and assessment guidelines will be introduced to residents and the faculty.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to record and evaluate interobserver agreement as quality control for the modified categorization of screening breast ultrasound developed by the Alliance for Breast Cancer Screening in Korea (ABCS-K) for the Mammography and Ultrasonography Study for Breast Cancer Screening Effectiveness (MUST-BE) trial. METHODS: Eight breast radiologists with 4-16 years of experience participated in 2 rounds of quality control testing for the MUST-BE trial. Two investigators randomly selected 125 and 100 cases of breast lesions with different ratios of malignant and benign lesions. Two versions of the modified categorization were tested. The initially modified classification was developed after the first quality control workshop, and the re-modified classification was developed after the second workshop. The re-modified categorization established by ABCS-K added size criteria and the anterior-posterior ratio compared with the initially modified classification. After a brief lecture on the modified categorization system prior to each quality control test, the eight radiologists independently categorized the lesions using the modified categorization. Interobserver agreement was measured using kappa statistics. RESULTS: The overall kappa values for the modified categorizations indicated moderate to substantial degrees of agreement (initially modified categorization and re-modified categorization: κ=0.52 and κ=0.63, respectively). The kappa values for the subcategories of category 4 were 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24 to 0.52) and 0.39 (95% CI, 0.31 to 0.49), respectively. The overall kappa values for both the initially modified categorization and the re-modified categorization indicated a substantial degree of agreement when dichotomizing the interpretation as benign or suspicious. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results demonstrated acceptable interobserver agreement for the modified categorization.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Classification ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Observer Variation ; Quality Control ; Research Personnel ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the interpretive performance and inter-observer agreement on digital mammographs among radiologists and to investigate whether radiologist characteristics affect performance and agreement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The test sets consisted of full-field digital mammograms and contained 12 cancer cases among 1000 total cases. Twelve radiologists independently interpreted all mammograms. Performance indicators included the recall rate, cancer detection rate (CDR), positive predictive value (PPV), sensitivity, specificity, false positive rate (FPR), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Inter-radiologist agreement was measured. The reporting radiologist characteristics included number of years of experience interpreting mammography, fellowship training in breast imaging, and annual volume of mammography interpretation. RESULTS: The mean and range of interpretive performance were as follows: recall rate, 7.5% (3.3–10.2%); CDR, 10.6 (8.0–12.0 per 1000 examinations); PPV, 15.9% (8.8–33.3%); sensitivity, 88.2% (66.7–100%); specificity, 93.5% (90.6–97.8%); FPR, 6.5% (2.2–9.4%); and AUC, 0.93 (0.82–0.99). Radiologists who annually interpreted more than 3000 screening mammograms tended to exhibit higher CDRs and sensitivities than those who interpreted fewer than 3000 mammograms (p = 0.064). The inter-radiologist agreement showed a percent agreement of 77.2–88.8% and a kappa value of 0.27–0.34. Radiologist characteristics did not affect agreement. CONCLUSION: The interpretative performance of the radiologists fulfilled the mammography screening goal of the American College of Radiology, although there was inter-observer variability. Radiologists who interpreted more than 3000 screening mammograms annually tended to perform better than radiologists who did not.
Area Under Curve ; Breast ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; Mammography ; Mass Screening ; Medical Audit ; Observer Variation ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare needle aspiration and vacuum-assistedbiopsy in the ultrasound-guided treatment of lactational breast abscesses. METHODS: Between January 2005 and December 2014, a total of 74 patients presented withlactational breast abscesses. Thirty of these patients underwent treatment with antibioticsalone, while the remaining 44 lactating women with breast abscesses were treated withneedle aspiration (n=25) or vacuum-assisted biopsy (n=19). Age, duration of lactation, abscess diameter, pus culture results, the number of interventions, the healing time, and the cure rate were reviewed and compared between these two groups. The Student's t test and the chi-square test were used to compare the variables. RESULTS: No significant difference was found in the cure rate between the needle aspirationgroup (22/25, 88%) and the vacuum-assisted biopsy group (18/19, 94.7%) (P=0.441). However, the mean healing time was significantly shorter in the vacuum-assisted biopsy group (6.7 days) than in the needle aspiration group (9.0 days) (P=0.001). CONCLUSION: Vacuum-assisted biopsy is a viable option for the management of lactational breast abscesses and was found to lead to a shorter healing time than needle aspiration. However, further study is necessary to establish the clinical efficacy of vacuum-assisted biopsy in the management of lactational breast abscesses.
Abscess* ; Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Breast* ; Drainage* ; Female ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy ; Lactation ; Needles* ; Suppuration ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze effects of a community-based case management program for clients with hypertension living in the community. METHODS: The research design was a one group pre and post-test design with 30 participants with hypertension who agreed to participate in the 8-12 week case management program provided by case managers from the National Health Insurance Corporation in 2002. Data were collected three times, before and after the case management services, and 6 months later. Outcomes included changes in blood pressure, knowledge of hypertension and daily life practices, including alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, and medication adherence. RESULTS: Repeated-measures ANOVA and post-hoc tests of means revealed significant differences before and after service for systolic blood pressure, daily life practices (monitoring body weight and BP, low salt and cholesterol and high vegetable diet, and stress-relief practices), and exercise. The goal for medication adherence was attained after service. Significant improvements from baseline to 6 months after service were observed in measures of salt and vegetables in diet. There were no significant differences on hypertension knowledge, alcohol consumption or smoking behavior between before service and after, and at 6 months. CONCLUSION: The findings provide preliminary evidence that case management intervention can have positive outcomes on BP control, daily life practices, exercise, and medication adherence for clients with hypertension. However, additional interventions are needed to sustain long-term effects.
Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking/prevention & control/psychology ; Blood Pressure ; Case Management/*organization & administration ; Community Health Services ; Diet, Sodium-Restricted ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension/psychology/*therapy ; Korea ; Male ; Medication Adherence/psychology ; Middle Aged ; Patient Education as Topic ; Smoking Cessation/psychology

PURPOSE: To introduce the history and principle mechanism of electrochemical treatment (EChT) with animal study and report two cases successfully treated breast cancer and hemangioma by EChT. METHODS: In animal study, the breast cancer tumor in nude mouse treated with EChT (100 Coulomb/cm3) were reviewed for histologic changes. In the case studies, we reported method of EChT and clinical results after EChT. Case 1: 74 yr old female with locally advanced breast cancer received 3 times EChT with 1,000 Coulomb/time, 8 Volt. Case 2: 51 yr old female with breast hemagioma received one time EChT with 80 Coulomb, 8 Volt. RESULTS: In animal study, There were destructive change including vaculated cell fragment and extensive coagulative necrosis. Case 1 showed no local recurrence during 18 monthes after EChT. Case 2 also showed no evidence of recurrence of hemangioma. CONCLUSION: The EChT is easy to use. It is effective, safe, less traumatic and makes patients recover quickly. This is a new and effective method to treat patients with tumours that are inoperable and can not receive chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
Animals ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Necrosis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of sacrospinous colpopexy in vault prolapse patients. METHODS: It is the retrospective study including 10 vault prolapse patients who received sacrospinous colpopexy at St. Paul Hospital, the Catholic University from July 1999 to April 2004. RESULTS: The 10 patients receiving sacrospinous colpopexy had the average age of 58.9 years, and the parity of 3.4. They were moderately overweighted with average BMI of 24.5. The average period from hysterectomy to diagnosis of vault prolapse was 11.1 years. Hypertension was noted on most of patients (70.0%). The average operation time was 68.5 minutes and postoperative hemoglobin decrement was 2.4 on average. During 2-month period of postoperative follow-up, there were no significant complications noted except one case of wound infection associated with diabetes and one case of transfusion due to anemia. After sacrospinous colpopexy, protruding mass out of vagina was resolved on 100% and urologic and other complications were improved over 50% of cases. CONCLUSION: Considering that several underlying medical conditions such as hypertension, obesity are associated with vault prolapse patients, sacrospinous colpopexy in case of vault prolapse is an excellent operative approach with low complication and recurrence rates.
Anemia ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hysterectomy ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Parity ; Prolapse* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Vagina ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was done to identify the nursing care needs of patients in the recovery room. METHOD: The subjects in this study were 127 patients in a recovery room between 6/9/2001 and 24/9/2001. The instrument used for this study was the descriptive questionnaire developed by Shin Hyun-Jin (1999). The data was analysed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, and factor analysis using the SPSS program. RESULT: 1) Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sample appropriateness was 0.799 and Bartlett's test of sphericity significant probability was 0.000. 2) The mean score for nursing care need of patients in the recovery room was 4.17+/-.51 of a total possible score of 5. The score of nursing need for different parameters was as follows: Educational need (4.31+/-.49), physical need (4.27+/-.47), emotional need (4.11+/-.52), environmental need (3.99+/-.56). 3) Differences in the needs for nursing care according to the demographics were significant for gender, marital status, operation experience, and departments consulted. General characteristic variables significantly related to nursing need were as follows: Physical need significantly related to the departments consulted (F=2.23, p=.036). Educational need significantly related to the marital status (F=2.55, P=.012), departments consulted (F=2.30, p=.031). Emotional need significantly related to the marital status (F=2.22, p=.028). Environmental need significantly related to the gender (t=-2.44, p=.016), marital status (F=2.01, p=.046), operation experience (t=-1.99, p=.048). CONCLUSION: Nursing care needs of patients in the recovery room are significantly related to educational need, physical need, emotional need and environmental need. Intervention plans and program need to be developed to improve strategies to meet nursing needs of patients in the recovery room.
Demography ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Nursing Care ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recovery Room*