Objective To observe the value of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection(PEI)combined with microwave ablation(MWA)for treating thyroid benign partially cystic masses.Methods A total of 100 patients with single benign partially cystic mass who would undergo ultrasound-guided ablation treatment were prospectively enrolled.The patients were randomly assigned into PEI group(received PEI combined with MWA sequential ablation)or control group(received simple MWA),each n=50.Data before and after treatments were compared within groups,the therapeutic efficacy were compared between groups after treatments,and the value of sequential ablation was analyzed.Results Ultrasound-guided ablation was successfully performed for all 100 masses.During follow-up,5 cases in PEI group and 3 cases in control group were lost.The operation time of MWA,total MWA energy and patients'pain level during treatments in PEI group were all lower than those in control group(all P＜0.05).Significant difference of thyroid mass volumes were found before and 3,6 and 12 months after treatments in both groups(all P＜0.05).The volume reduction rate(VRR)in PEI group before and 1,3,6 and 12 months after treatments were all higher than that in control group(all P＜0.05).The success rate was 95.56％(43/45)in PEI group and 89.36％(42/47)in control group 12 months after treatments,respectively,without significant difference(P=0.451).There were significant differences of neck aesthetics scores and symptom scores before and 3,6 and 12 months after treatments in both groups(all P＜0.05).The incidence of complications in PEI group was 6.67％(3/45),while in control group was 14.89％(7/47),the former was lower than the latter(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided PEI combined with MWA sequential ablation had better effect for treating thyroid benign partially cystic masses than single MWA.

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effects and costs of spraying 20% suspension concentrate of pyricloben-zuron sulphate (SCPS) with drones against Pomacea canaliculata in paddy environments, so as to provide insights into the extensive applications of pyriclobenzuron against P. canaliculata. Methods On July 2022, a paddy field was selected from Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province as the study area, and 72 independent rectangular plots measuring 2 m × 1 m were allocated in the study area, with 1 m interval between each plot, and 20 P. canaliculata snails gently placed in each plot. The activity of 25% wettable powder of pyriclobenzuron sulphate (WPPS) by manual spraying at doses of 0.50, 1.00, 2.00 g/m² and 4.00 g/m² against P. canaliculata was tested in 54 plots, and manual spraying of 50% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPNES) at a dose of 0.10 g/m² served as a chemical control, while manual spraying of the same volume of clean water served as a blank control, with 9 plots in each group. The activity of SCPS against P. canaliculata was tested in the remaining 18 plots. Based on the molluscicidal tests of WPPS, the molluscicidal effect of SCPS by manual spraying at doses of 0.20, 0.30, 0.40 g/m² and 0.50 g/m² against P. canaliculata was evaluated, and manual spraying of WPNES at a dose of 0.10 g/m² served as a chemical control, while manual spraying of the same volume of clean water served as a blank control, with three plots in each group. On July 2023, 14 paddy fields with a mean living P. canaliculata density of > 5 snails/m² were selected from Yujiang District, Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province for molluscicidal tests. Based on the molluscicidal effect of pyriclobenzuron against P. canaliculata in plots, the molluscicidal effects of WPPS by manual spraying at doses of 0.25, 0.50 g/m² and 1.00 g/m² and manual applications of WPPS at dose of 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 g/m² and 2.00 g/m² mixed with soil were tested, and manual spraying of 0.10 g/m² WPNES served as a chemical control group, while manual spraying of the same volume of clean water served as a blank control, with one paddy field in each group. Based on the effect of pyriclobenzuron against P. canaliculata in plots, the activity of SCPS sprayed with drones at doses of 0.25 g/m² and 0.50 g/m² mixed in water at 2 kg/667 m² and 4 kg/667 m² was tested against P. canaliculata, and spraying of the same volume of clean water with drones served as a blank control. All P. canaliculata snails were captured 3 days and 7 days following chemical treatment in plots and paddy fields and identified for survival, and the mortality and corrected mortality of P. canaliculata snails were estimated. In addition, the areas of chemical treatment, amount of molluscicide use and labor costs of chemical treatment were estimated in molluscicidal tests in paddy fields, and the costs of chemical treatment for an area covering 667 m² by drones and manual applications were calculated. Results The mortality of P. canaliculata snails was all 100% in plots 3 days and 7 days following spraying WPPS at doses of 0.50, 1.00, 2.00 g/m² and 4.00 g/m², and the mortality rates of P. canaliculata snails were 66.67% to 100.00% 3 days post-treatment with SCPS at various doses (χ² = 277.897, P < 0.05) and 76.67% to 100.00% 7 days post-treatment (χ² = 274.206, P < 0.05). The mortality rates of P. canaliculata snails were 98.19% to 100.00% 3 days post-treatment with WPPS at various doses in paddy fields. There was a significant difference in the mortality of P. canaliculata snails among WPPS treatment groups and controls (χ² = 270.778, P < 0.05), and there were no significant differences between WPPS treatment groups and the chemical control group (all P values > 0.05), while there were significant differences in the mortality of P. canaliculata snails between WPPS treatment groups and the blank control group (all P values < 0.05). The mortality rates of P. canaliculata snails were 89.83% to 95.31% 3 days post-treatment with SCPS at various doses sprayed with drones, and there was a significant difference in the mortality of P. canaliculata snails among SCPS treatment groups and the blank control group (χ² = 1 132.892, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the mortality of P. canaliculata snails among SCPS treatment groups or water mixture groups (all P values > 0.05), and there were significant differences in the mortality of P. canaliculata snails between SCPS treatment groups and the blank control group (all P values < 0.05). The mortality rates of P. canaliculata snails were 94.62% to 100.00% 7 days post-treatment with SCPS at various doses sprayed with drones, and there was a significant difference in the mortality of P. canaliculata snails among SCPS treatment groups and the blank control group (χ² = 1 266.932, P < 0.05), with the highest mortality found following spraying 0.50 g/m² SCPS mixed in 2 kg/667 m² water with drones (P < 0.05). The costs of P. canaliculata snail control by drones and manually were 35.85 Yuan/667 m² and 43.33 Yuan/667 m²; however, the snail control efficiency was 6.67 times higher by drones than by manual applications. Conclusions SCPS sprayed with drones is highly active against P. canaliculata snails in paddy fields. SCPS sprayed with drones is highly efficient and low in cost for P. canaliculata snail control in paddy fields, beaches and river courses.

Objective:To grasp the distribution of fine antigenic epitope profiles of nucleoprotein (NP) and glycoprotein (GP) fragments of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and to clarify the value of dominant antigenic epitopes in laboratory testing of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF).Methods:In a minimal synthetic short peptide consisting of 8 amino acids was segmentally expressed by CCHFV YL04057 strain using a modified bio-peptide synthesis method from 2014 to 2021 in the laboratory of Xinjiang University, College of Life Sciences. Using CCHFV polyclonal antibody or monoclonal antibody 14B7 (IgM) or CCHFV-positive sheep serum as antibodies, the minimal antigenic epitopes (BCEs) with antigenic activity on NP and GP fragments were identified by immunoblotting, and the obtained BCEs with sequence polymorphism were spatially clustered with CCHFV from different regions using the neighbor-joining method to determine the combination mode of BCEs with geographical correlation of regional distribution, to explore its application in establishing serological diagnosis. A prokaryotic expression plasmid (pET-32a), an E. coli expression plasmid (pGEX-KG) and a prokaryotic expression plasmid with an incomplete glutathione (GST188) tag (pXXGST-ST-1) were used to construct and express six dominant antigenic epitopes of different peptide lengths on NP fragments, and an indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established. CCHF sheep serum identified by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was used as a control, and the specificity, sensitivity and overall compliance of the recombinant proteins with different peptide lengths of antigenic epitopes with IFA assay results were statistically analyzed. Results:CCHFV, NP and GP fragments had a total of 30 antigenically active BCEs, among which the core intermediate fragment NP2 (aa 170 th-305 th), which had a concentration of antigenic epitopes in the NP fragment, has 6 BCEs, and the NP1 (aa 1 st-200 th) and NP3 (aa 286 th-482 nd) at both ends have 9 BCEs; the Gc (aa 1 st-558 th) and Gn (aa 533 th-708 th) fragments of the GP fragment have 14 BCEs and a long antigenic peptide (AP) containing 15 amino acids, and the amino acid sequence homology of the NP fragment BCEs was 97.1% and that of the GP fragment BCEs was 89.1%. There was a significant difference ( P=0.0281, P<0.05). Among the 9 BCEs with sequence polymorphism in the GP fragment, 6 combined BCEs from GnEc1, GnE2, GnE4, GcE3, GcE6 and GcAP-4 (Ap) could cluster 15 CCHFV strains from different regions of the world into 5 geographical taxa, AsiaⅠ, AsiaⅡ, AficaⅠ, AficaⅡ and Europe. The constructs expressing PET-32a-NP (full length), PGEX-KG-NP2 (aa 170 th-305 th), pGEX-KG-NP2-1 (aa 235 th-275 th), PGEX-KG-NP2-1-1 (aa 237 th-256 th), pXXGST-1-NP2-1-2 (aa 250 th-265 th) and PGEX KG-NP2-1-3 (aa 260 th-276 th), six recombinant proteins CCHFV NP rabbit polyclonal antiserum (pAb) Western Blotting reaction positive, 33 sheep sera tested by IFA XHF as a reference, the sensitivity of the assay established by indirect ELISA using the recombinant proteins constructed from two fragments of NP2 and NP2-1 as antigens. The sensitivity, specificity and overall compliance were the best, with 73.4% (11/15) and 66.7% (10/15) for sensitivity, 100% (18/18) and 94.4% (17/18) for specificity, and 87.9% (29/33) and 81.8% (27/33) for overall compliance. Conclusion:CCHFV NP and GP are distributed with a high number of BCEs with antigenic immunoreactivity, among which the dominant antigenic epitopes are of high value in the laboratory serological diagnosis of CCHF.

Background:With the advancement of endoscopic techniques,the detection rate of duodenal lesions has increased,and the selection and curative effect of endoscopic resection of duodenal lesions need to be further explored.Aims:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic treatment of duodenal tumors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 32 patients with duodenal tumors treated with endoscopic resection from January 2017 to January 2022 at Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.The location,depth,treatment method,postoperative pathology,and complications of duodenal tumors were summarized.Results:Among the 32 patients,there were 21 males and 11 females.Two patients presented with melena,10 patients had abdominal pain,and 20 patients were asymptomatic.Twenty-eight tumors were located in descending part of duodenum,and 4 were located in duodenal bulb.One patient underwent endoscopic submucosal excavation,2 underwent cold snare polypectomy,12 underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection,and 17 underwent endoscopic mucosal resection.All lesions were completely resected.Among the 32 lesions,there were 21 tubular adenoma or tubulovillous adenoma,7 Brunner's gland adenoma,2 lipoma,1 neuroendocrine tumor,and 1 stromal tumor.One patient with duodenal tubulovillous adenoma had perforation during operation and was transferred to surgery for repair.The other patients did not have complications such as perforation and bleeding during operation.All patients had no recurrence after postoperative endoscopy.Conclusions:Endoscopic treatment for duodenal tumors is safe and effective,and has good clinical value.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1 052 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who visited 10 community health service centers in Chaoyang and Haidian districts of Beijing from March 2019 to September 2019. Basic information, medical history, cardiovascular risk factors, β-blocker use, height, weight, blood pressure level and resting heart rate were collected by face-to-face interview;biochemical tests and on-site physical examination were performed;and the influencing factors of heart rate control were analyzed by logistic regression. There were 563 males (53.5%) and 489 females(46.5%),with a mean age of (66.7±9.5) years. The rate of β-blockers use was 43.6% (459/1 052). The average resting heart rate was (70±8)/min, and only 14.5% (153/ 1 052) patients had the heart rate under control. The resting heart rate control rate in patients with β-blockers use was 17.9% (82/459), higher than that of those without β-blockers use [12.0% (71/593), χ 2=7.23, P=0.007]. Moderate leisure activities were beneficial to the control of resting heart rate ( OR=2.14, 95% CI: 1.26-3.62). The study shows that β-blockers use and resting heart rate control in CHD patients in Beijing community health institutions were both at low levels, and the resting heart rate was not well controlled even in patients taking beta-blockers.

Objective To investigate the MRI findings of duodenal papillary adenocarcinoma(DPA),and to evaluate the importance of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)in diagnosis of DPA.Methods A complete data of 52 patients with DPA were prospectively collected.All patients underwent surgery within 72 hours after conventional MRI,DWI and MRCP scans.Before surgery,four different MRI findings were used to calculate the sensitivity,specificity and the probability of correctness.Two experienced radiologists who were blind to the pathologic diagnosis handled the MRI findings.Thirty eight patients were pathologically diagnosed for DPA.Based on the pathological diagnosis,the detection rate of DPA by the MR sequence was recorded and the chi square test was used to do the statistical analysis. Results The accuracy rate in diagnosis of DPA with MRI was 78.8% in our study.The findings of DPA consist of thickening wall of duodenal,duodenal papilla node imaging,DWI showing high signal of duodenal papilla and"beak"sign of dilated bile duct.Corresponding sensitivities were 70.5%,66.7%,86.3% and 87.9%,and specificities were 75.0%,30.0%,50.0% and 63.1% respectively.The incidences of positive on T2WI and T1WI,MRCP,DWI scans were 60.5%,76.3% and 92.1% respectively.The detection rate of each sequence has significant difference(χ2=10.48,P<0.005).Conclusion The MRI manifestations of DPA consist of thickening wall of duodenal,duodenal papilla node imaging,DWI showing high signal of duodenal papilla and"beak"sign of dilated bile duct.The detection rate of DWI sepuence on DPA lesions is significantly higher than that of other sequences.

Objective To explore the MSCT and MRI characteristics of hydrosalpinx.Methods The CT and MRI findings of 28 patients with hydrosalpinx confirmed by surgery and pathology were retrospectively studied.Before operation,the plain and contrast enhanced CT in 25 patients and the plain and contrast enhanced MRI in 3 had been carried out.Results 1 9 patients with unilateral hydrosalpinx (12 on the left and 7 on the right side)and 9 patients with bilateral hydrosalpinx were found.Both CT and MRI images showed the cystic mass with different forms in annex area,including botuliform changes in 1 6 patients,beaded form in 9,polycystic changes in 8 and retort-like changes in 4.The low density as water on plain CT,and the low signal on T1 WI and high signal on T2 WI were showed.The cystic walls were significantly enhanced without nodules.If there is septum,mild enhancement was also found.14 patients with chronic salpingitis,2 with fascial thickening,3 with uterine fibroid and 1 7 with pelvic fluid.Conclusion CT and MRI findings of hydrosalpinx are characteristic.

Objective To investigate the effects of leflunomide(A771726) on the apoptosis of the rat glomerular mesangial cells and its possible mechanism .Methods The cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells were divided into the normal control group (adding DMEM culture solution containing 5% fetal calf serum) ,A771726 group(adding 50 A771726 on the basis of control group , making it a concentration as 50 μg/mL) ,LY294002 group (adding LY294002 on the basis of normal control group ,making its final concentration as 2 μg/mL) and the LY294002+A771726 group(first adding 2μg/mL LY294002 to interfere the mesangial cells for 2 h ,then adding A771726 50μg/mL) .After 48 h intervention ,its influence on mesangial cell apoptosis in each group were measured by flow cytometry .The expression of mTOR was measured by immunofluorescence .The expression of Caspase‐3 was measured by Western‐blot .Results Compared with the normal control group ,the apoptosis rate of rat glomerular mesangial cells in the A771726 group ,LY294002 group and LY294002+A771726 group were significantly increased ,the expression of mTOR was decreased ,the expression of Caspase‐3 was increased;compared with the A771726 group ,the apoptosis rates of rat glomerular mesangial cells in the LY294002 group and LY294002+ A771726 group were significantly increased ,the expression of mTOR was significantly de‐creased ,the expression of Caspase‐3 was significantly increased;compared with the LY294002 group ,the apoptosis rate of rat glo‐merular mesangial cells in the LY294002+ A771726 group was significantly increased ,the expression of mTOR was significantly decreased ,while the expression of Caspase‐3 was significantly increased .Conclusion Leflunomide may induce the rat mesangial cells apoptosis through down - regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway ,moreover ,leflunomide may synergize with LY294002 to induce rat mesangial cells apoptosis .

ObjectiveTo study the diagnostic value of sonographic “Leopard pattern” sign in breast hyperplasia.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty-three female patients in Beijing Friendship Hospital from October 2012 to April 2013 were choosen. All the cases were diagnosed as mammary gland hyperplasia clinically, and their breast ultrasound images show the breast imaging-reporting and data system (BI-RADS) grad was 0 or 1. These patients were divided into 3 groups according to their age, Group A: 20 to 35 age (36 cases), Group B: 36 to 50 age (102 cases), and Group C: order than 50 year-old (85 cases). The pathological diagnosis were obtained by ultrasound guided breast biopsy. With pathological diagnosis as the gold standard and “Leopard sign” as ultrasound diagnostic criteria, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated. The consistency between the ultrasonic and the pathological diagnosis were analyzed by Kappa statistical test.ResultThe diagnostic consistency test of the total sample of 223 cases: in terms of the ultrasonic Leopard sign” for the diagnosis of breast hyperplasia, the sensitivity was 69% (59/85),the specificity was 46% (64/138), the accuracy was 55% (123/223), the positive predictive value was 44% (59/133), the negative predictive value was 71% (64/90), the consistency was poor (Kappa=0.14,P<0.05). Group A:the sensitivity was 90% (18/20), the specificity was 50% (8/16),the accuracy was 72% (26/36), the positive predictive value was 69% (18/26), the negative predictive value was 80% (8/10), the consistency was good (Kappa=0.42, P<0.05);Group B:the sensitivity was 70% (33/47), the specificity was 49% (27/55),the accuracy was 59% (60/102), the positive predictive value was 54% (33/61), the negative predictive value was 66% (27/41), the consistency was poor (Kappa=0.19,P<0.05); Group C: the sensitivity was 44% (8/18), the specificity was 43% (29/67), the accuracy was 44% (37/85), the positive predictive value was 17% (8/46), the negative predictive value was 74% (29/39), the consistency was poor (Kappa=0.08,P<0.05).Conclusion“Leopard pattern” sign is not suitable as an independent standard in diagnosing breast hyperplasia disease.

Objective To explore the value of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) in diagnosis of thyroid nodules.Methods The clinical data of 395 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent ultrasound-guided CNB were retrospectively analyzed,and the results of CNB pathology of 278 patients who endured surgery were compared with postoperative wax pathology results.Results All patients completed CNB successfully and satisfaction rate for tissue samples was 100％.Local hematoma occurred in one case and relieved by conservative therapy.The CNB pathology results of 278 cases of patients were as follows:92 cases were malignancy,including 91 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma,lcase of medullary thyroid carcinoma; 182 cases were benign,including lcase of parathyroid adenoma,48 cases of adenoma,and 133 cases of nodular goitre and other nodular affection.In 278 patients who underwent surgery,the CNB pathology results in 273 cases,including 90 malignancy cases and 183 benign cases,were consistent with postoperative wax pathology results and false positive occurred in 1 cases,ambiguous occurred in 4 cases.So the accuracy,sensibility,specificity,missed diagnosis rate,and misdiagnosis rate of ultrasound-guided CNB for differential diagnosis of thyroid malignant nodules from benign nodules were 98.20％ (273/278),95.79％ (91/95),99.45％ (182/183),4.21％ (4/95) and 0.55％ (1/183).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided CNB has important value on differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.It is safe and effective.