ObjectiveTo explore the genetic relationship and reveal the genetic variations of 45 germplasm accessions of Artemisia argyi. MethodGenotyping-by-sequencing （GBS） was employed to mine single nucleotide-polymorphisms （SNPs） from the 45 germplasm accessions. Principal component analysis， phylogenetic analysis， population genetic structure analysis， and genetic variation analysis were conducted based on the SNPs. ResultA total of 111.91 Gb of data were obtained， with the Q20， Q30， and average GC content of 96.39%， 90.33%， and 39.37%， respectively. The comparison rate between clean reads and the reference genome was 70.24%-98.97%. A total of 22 399 Indels and 170 539 SNPs were obtained， and the 10^th pair of chromosomes had the most variation sites. The results of principal component analysis， cluster analysis， and genetic diversity analysis classified the 45 germplasm accessions into three groups. Group Ⅰ contained three germplasm accessions from Qichun County. The germplasm accessions in group Ⅱ were all wild. Group Ⅲ contained 31 germplasm accessions， with the most complex sources. Moreover， the 45 germplasm accessions can be classified into 3 subtypes， containing the genetic information from three ancestors. The results indicated rich genetic diversity of A. argyi from different sources， especially the germplasm accessions from Qichun County， Hubei province. ConclusionThis study provides theoretical support for breeding new varieties， developing specific SNP markers， and revealing the genetic relationship of A. argyi.

Clinical trials are an important method for evaluating the safety and efficacy of in vitro diagnostic reagents, and are a key basis for product registration review and approval. In order to strengthen the management of clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents, the National Medical Products Administration and relevant departments have formulated a series of regulations at the regulatory level, and require applicants and clinical trial institutions to establish a quality management system for clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents. Medical laboratory is the main department and implementer of in vitro diagnostic reagent clinical trials in medical institutions. In recent years, with the rapid development of the in vitro diagnostic industry, the clinical trial projects of in vitro diagnostic reagents conducted by medical laboratory have been increasing day by day. However, there are currently few discussions on the clinical trial of in vitro diagnostic reagents from the perspective of researchers. Therefore, this article summarizes the characteristics of clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents, analyzes the problems and difficulties in conducting clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents in current medical laboratories, and introduces the laboratory′s experience in management; to provide reference for medical testing laboratories that have not yet conducted or have already conducted clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of clinical trials.

Clinical trials are an important method for evaluating the safety and efficacy of in vitro diagnostic reagents, and are a key basis for product registration review and approval. In order to strengthen the management of clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents, the National Medical Products Administration and relevant departments have formulated a series of regulations at the regulatory level, and require applicants and clinical trial institutions to establish a quality management system for clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents. Medical laboratory is the main department and implementer of in vitro diagnostic reagent clinical trials in medical institutions. In recent years, with the rapid development of the in vitro diagnostic industry, the clinical trial projects of in vitro diagnostic reagents conducted by medical laboratory have been increasing day by day. However, there are currently few discussions on the clinical trial of in vitro diagnostic reagents from the perspective of researchers. Therefore, this article summarizes the characteristics of clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents, analyzes the problems and difficulties in conducting clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents in current medical laboratories, and introduces the laboratory′s experience in management; to provide reference for medical testing laboratories that have not yet conducted or have already conducted clinical trials of in vitro diagnostic reagents, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of clinical trials.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG) is a common method of enteral nutrition commonly used in patients requiring long-term intestinal feeding.PEG has been widely applied in various fields, including neuro-muscular diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, malignant tumors, and chronic illnesses.Among them, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is one of the important indications for PEG.ALS is a progressive neuro-muscular disease that predominantly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals, often leading to swallowing difficulties and malnutrition.Studies have shown that providing enteral nutrition through PEG can improve the prognosis and survival of ALS patients.This article aims to review the clinical application value of PEG in ALS patients.

As the most common neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline and is a major threat to the health of elderly worldwide. Aside from its pathogenesis, delineation of the protective mechanism of AD is also critical for the etiological treatment. AD resilience refers to a protective mechanism which can maintain the cognitive intactness of patients despite of genetic risk factors and/or related pathology. Studies on the genetic mechanism of AD resilience are of great importance for revealing novel mechanisms and therapeutic targets, as well as optimizing polygenic risk score which can facilitate early identification and intervention for individuals at risk.
Aged ; Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics* ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Cognitive Dysfunction

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for r ational use of TCM decoction piece. METHODS ：Electronic questionnaire survey was conducted on the use （dose，ingredient number ）of TCM decoction piece prescriptions in 12 TCM hospitals from 10 provinces（regions，cities）. Through the hospital information system ，416 100 outpatient prescriptions of TCM decoction piece were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM （our hospital ）during May 2016 to Apr. 2019，and were analyzed in terms of prescription dose ，the number of ingredients and use of TCM decoction pieces. At the same time ，the use of TCM decoction piece prescription were analyzed in different departments ，and the clinical application status of TCM decoction pieces prescription were investigated and relevant suggestions were put forward. RESULTS ：The average dose of TCM decoction piece prescriptions in 12 hospitals were 129.60-245.00 g，and the average number of ingredients were 11.90-18.25；the average dose of TCM decoction piece prescriptions in pediatric department was lower than other departments. The average dose of TCM decoction piece prescriptions in our hospital was 242.21 g；55.75％ of the prescription dose were distributed in 201-300 g，and 15.22％ were over 300 g. The average number of ingredients in prescriptions was about 15，and the prescriptions with 11-20 ingredients accounted for 87.75％，those with more than 20 ingredients accounted for 6.64％. Top 20 TCM decoction pieces in TCM prescriptions of our hospital had different degrees of overdose. Three decoction pieces with the highest frequency of overdose were Radix Curcumae processed by vinegar （85.51％），Atractylodes macrocephala stir-fried with bran （82.10％）and A. macrocephala（79.13％）. The number of TCM decoction piece prescriptions in internal medicine department accounted for 40.84％ in our hospital ；there were a lot of TCM prescriptions with dose exceeding 300 g（11.98％ and 18.69％）and the number of ingredients exceeding 18（14.60％ and 9.53％）in internal medicine department and surgery department. The proportion of pediatric TCM decoction piece prescriptions with more than 18 ingredients accounted for 24.09％. CONCLUSIONS ：The overall dosage of TCM decoction piece prescriptions is relatively high ，the number of ingredients is too much ，and the overdose of single-flavored TCM decoction piece is common. Internal medicine department and surgery department should focus on controlling the number of and the dosage of single-flavored decoction pieces of TCM prescriptions to standardize the prescribed dosage. Gynecology department needs to focus on controlling the dosage of single-flavored TCM pieces and pediatrics department should pay special attention to the use of prescription ingredients ，so as to ensure a more scientific and reasonable standard for the clinical application of TCM decoction piece.

Objective: To analyze the mutation of target genes in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) by using nextgeneration sequencing, and to explore its relationship with prognosis and clinical characteristics, as to provide evidence for the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy of ENKTL. Methods: According to previous literature reports, the genes whose mutations can affect the development of lymphoma were selected as the target genes for this study. 29 patients with ENKTL, who were newly diagnosed at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from August 2010 to October 2018, were selected for this study. The mutation of 9 target genes in the specimen was detected by thenext-generationsequencingtechnology.Therelationshipsamongclinicalfeatures,diseaseprognosisandmutationofthetargetgeneswereanalyzedbySPSS21.0statisticalsoftware.Results： ：Ninetargetgenes were were screened. AT-rich interactive-domain 1A(ARID1A) gene showed the highest mutation rate in ENKTL (10 cases, 34.48%) followedbylysinemethyltransferase2D(KMT2D)gene(31.03%)andtumorprotein P53 (TP53) gene (24.13%). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the overall survival of ENKTL patients with KMT2D gene wild type was significantly better than patients with KMT2D gene mutation (P=0.006). The KMT2D gene mutation was found to besignificantlyrelatedtoclinicalstage,CRP,albumin,lymphocyte count and Ki67 expression in ENKTL patients (all P<0.05). COX regression analysis showed that KMT2D gene mutation was an independent adverse prognostic factor (P<0.05). Conclusion: The KMT2D gene has a high mutant frequency in ENKTL and is associated with patients’prognosis, suggesting that KMT2D gene plays an important role in the initiation and development of ENKTL. It could be used as a clinical therapeutic target for ENKTL.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of USP33 as an independent prognostic marker in the regulation of SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling pathway to inhibit lung adenocarcinoma invasion and metastasis.

METHODSThe expression of USP33 in 20 lung adenocarcinoma specimens was detected by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. A549 and SPC-A-1 cells with small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated USP33 silencing were examined for changes in invasion and metastasis abilities using scratch assay and Matrigel assay. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of SLIT2 and ROBO1 in the cells after USP33 silencing and the expression of USP33 after interleukin-6 (IL-6) stimulation.

RESULTSqPCR and immunohistochemistry showed that USP33 was significantly decreased in lung adenocarcinoma tissues as compared with the adjacent tissues. USP33 silencing in A549 and SPC-A-1 cells significantly promoted the cell migration, invasion and metastasis and obviously down-regulated the expressions of SLIT2 and ROBO1. IL-6 stimulation of the cells obviously enhanced the expression of USP33.

CONCLUSIONSUSP33 silencing can promote the migration, invasion and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells , and the mechanism may involve IL-6 and SLIT2/ROBO1 signaling pathways.

Objective To investigate the incidence of thyroid-stimulating hormone and its correlation with other biochemical markers of blood glucose and blood fat in health examination population.Methods Physical examination results of 1 070 staff from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January to May 2017,including serum thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),total cholesterol (CHOL),triglyceride (TG),and glucose (GLU),H bA 1 c were sorted,grouped by gender and age,and retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 118 cases of TSH positive were detected,,the positive rate was 11.03 ％,of which 58 were male,the positive rate was 9.40％ and 60 were women,the positive rate was 13.25％,there was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of TSH between two groups of male and female (x2=9.819,P＜ 0.05).TSH was positively related to TG,LDI,and GLU (r=0.006,0.048,0.021;P=0.038,0.017,0.045),and is negatively related to HDL(r=-0.017,P=0.024),and had no relation with CHOL and HbA1c(P＞ 0.05).There was a significant difference in the level of CHOL between the TSH group and the normal TSH groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion TSH has become a major factor affecting human health and should be highly valued.

As a leading cause of respiratory disease, influenza A virus (IAV) presents a pandemic threat in annual seasonal outbreaks. Given the limitation of existing anti-influenza therapies, there remains to be a requirement for new drugs. Compound Yi-Zhi-Hao pellet (CYZH) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in the clinic, whose formula has been recorded into treat common cold. In this study, we found that CYZH exhibited a broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity and inhibited the expression of viral RNA and proteins. Mechanistically, CYZH had no inhibitory activities against viral protein hemagglutinin and IAV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Instead, it induced activation of erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B), which subsequently upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Also, CYZH protected cells from oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen series. In conclusions, CYZH inhibits IAV replication, at least partly by activating expression of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.