Objective:To investigate the clinical value of left ventricular shape index (SI) and eccentricity index (EI) in evaluating left ventricular remodeling.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 324 patients (264 males, 60 females, age (62.5±11.8) years) diagnosed with myocardial infarction (MI) and 113 healthy controls (HC; 47 males, 66 females, age (57.8±10.7) years) who received gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI) in First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2016 to September 2020. SI (end-diastolic SI (EDSI), end-systolic SI (ESSI)), EI and left ventricular function parameters (end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), summed motion score (SMS), summed thickening score (STS), peak ejection rate (PER) and peak filling rate (PFR)) were obtained by quantitative gated SPECT (QGS) software. Propensity score (PS) inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to balance the intergroup covariates. The differences and correlations of EDSI, ESSI, EI and left ventricular function parameters between patients in MI group and HC group were analyzed. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate the values of EDV, EDSI, ESSI and EI alone and in combination in the assessment of left ventricular systolic function impairment. Data were analyzed by independent-sample t test, Pearson correlation and Spearman rank correlation analyses, and Delong test. Results:After IPTW, EDSI and ESSI in MI group ( n=319) were higher than those in HC group ( n=133; EDSI: 0.66±0.09 vs 0.60±0.06; ESSI: 0.59±0.11 vs 0.47±0.07; t values: 8.05, 14.67, both P<0.001), and EI was lower than that in HC group (0.81±0.06 vs 0.85±0.03; t=-8.93, P<0.001). In both groups, there were significant correlations between EDSI and ESSI ( r values: 0.928, 0.873), between EDSI, ESSI and EI ( r values: from -0.831 to -0.641), between EDSI, ESSI and LVEF ( r values: from -0.627 to -0.201), between ESSI and EDV, ESV and SMS ( rs values: 0.336-0.584), between ESSI and -PER, PFR ( rs values: from -0.406 to -0.402, r values: from -0.352 to -0.325) (all P<0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that EDV (AUC: 0.895) and ESSI (AUC: 0.839) had the highest efficacy in evaluating left ventricular systolic function impairment in MI group and HC group, respectively. EDV-EDSI-ESSI-(1-EI) had higher efficacy in the assessment of impaired left ventricular systolic function in MI group (AUC: 0.956), which was higher than that of EDV or EDV-EDSI or EDV-ESSI or EDV-(1-EI) ( z values: from -2.64 to -2.18, P values: 0.008-0.029); EDV-EDSI-ESSI-(1-EI) also had high efficacy in HC group (AUC: 0.911), which was higher than that of EDV or EDV-EDSI or EDV-(1-EI) ( z values: from -2.60 to -2.43, P values: 0.009-0.015). Conclusions:In MI patients, the increase of SI and the decrease of EI indicate the increase of left ventricular sphericity and the aggravation of left ventricular remodeling. SI and EI have certain clinical application values in evaluating left ventricular morphology, predicting left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular systolic function impairment.

Objective:To investigate effect of neferine(NeF)on myocarditis in heart failure(HF)rats by regulating CC-che-mokine ligand 2/CC chemokine receptor 2(CCL2-CCR2)signaling axis.Methods:HF rat model was constructed by ligating left ante-rior descending branch,and randomly separated into HF group,different doses of NeF groups(5 mg/kg,10 mg/kg,20 mg/kg),20 mg/kg NeF+CCL2 group,another 10 rats without ligating left anterior descending branch were regarded as sham surgery group.After treatment,cardiac function[left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD),ejection fraction(EF),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)]were evaluated.Serum indicators[brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),IL-1β,N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-pro BNP),TNF-α]were detected.Myocardial tissue was isolated and expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β,pathological damage,collagen deposition,expressions of CCL2 and CCR2 proteins were detected.Results:Compared with sham surgery group,HF group showed a decrease in myocardial cells,infiltration of inflammatory cells,and severe deposition of collagen fibers,LVESD,serum BNP,NT-pro BNP,TNF-α,IL-1β levels,myocardial tissue TNF-α,IL-1β expressions,collagen area ratio,CCL2,CCR2 protein expressions were greatly increased,LVEF and EF were greatly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with HF group,central muscle tissue damage and collagen fiber deposition were reduced in different doses of NeF groups,LVESD,serum BNP,NT-pro BNP,TNF-α,IL-1β levels,myocardial tissue TNF-α,IL-1β expressions,collagen area ratio,CCL2,CCR2 protein expressions were greatly decreased,LVEF and EF were greatly increased,with differences between groups(P<0.05).After CCL2 intervention,compared with 20 mg/kg NeF group,myocardial tissue damage and collagen fiber deposition were worsened,LVESD,serum BNP,NT-pro BNP,TNF-α,IL-1β levels,myocardial tissue TNF-α,IL-1β expressions,collagen area ratio,CCL2,CCR2 protein expressions were greatly increased,LVEF and EF were greatly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:NeF regulates CCL2-CCR2 signaling axis,inhibits myocar-ditis in HF rats,and improves cardiac function.

Objective:To evaluate early residual myocardial ischemia after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary artery disease by using myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and investigate independent influencing factors of early residual myocardial ischemia.Methods:From January 2020 to December 2022, 127 patients (107 males, 20 females; age (60.3±9.6) years) with coronary artery disease who underwent PCI complete revascularization at the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou were consecutively enrolled prospectively. All patients underwent rest and stress MPI within 1-3 months after PCI. Reversible myocardial perfusion defect in the blood supply area of the culprit vessels in stress and rest MPI was defined as early residual myocardial ischemia after PCI. Accordingly, the culprit vessels undergoing PCI were divided into residual ischemic group and non-ischemic group. Differences of cardiovascular examination between two groups were compared ( χ2 test), such as proportion of culprit vessels with severe stenosis (≥90%), proportion of bifurcation lesions, and proportion of diffuse coronary disease. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify influencing factors for early residual myocardial ischemia. Results:Among 148 culprit vessels undergoing PCI in 127 patients, early residual myocardial ischemia was present in 49 vessels (33.1%, 49/148). The proportion of culprit vessels with severe stenosis before PCI in residual ischemia group was higher than that in non-ischemia group (69.4%(34/49) and 49.5%(49/99); χ2=5.27, P=0.022). The proportion of bifurcation lesions in residual ischemic group was also higher than that in non-ischemic group (28.6%(14/49) and 10.1%(10/99); χ2=8.23, P=0.004), with a slightly higher proportion of diffuse coronary disease compared to non-ischemic group (14.3%(7/49) and 4.0%(4/99); χ2=3.62, P=0.057). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that bifurcation lesion (odds ratio ( OR)=4.087, 95% CI: 1.615-10.344, P=0.003) and diffuse coronary disease ( OR=4.208, 95% CI: 1.115-15.878, P=0.034) were independent influencing factors for early residual myocardial ischemia. Conclusions:Early residual myocardial ischemia is still present in about 1/3 of the culprit vessels after PCI complete revascularization. Bifurcation lesion and diffuse coronary disease are independent influencing factors for early residual myocardial ischemia in culprit vessels.

Objective:To evaluate inflammation early in the infarct zone and its dynamic changes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using 18F-FDG PET imaging, and analyze its relationship with left ventricular remodeling progression (LVRP). Methods:Sixteen Bama miniature pigs (4-6 months old, 8 females) were selected. AMI models were established by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. 18F-FDG PET imaging was performed before AMI and at days 1, 5, 8, and 14 post-AMI to evaluate the regional inflammation response. 18F-FDG SUV ratio (SUVR) and the percentage of uptake area of left ventricle (F-extent) in the infarct zone, and the SUVRs of the spleen and bone marrow, were measured. Echocardiography and 99Tc m-methoxyisobutylisonitrile(MIBI) SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) were performed at the above time points and on day 28 post-AMI to assess left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and myocardial perfusion defect extent. The degree of LVRP at day 28 post-AMI was defined as ΔLVESV(%)=(LVESV AMI 28 d-LVESV AMI 1 d)/LVESV AMI 1 d×100%. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results:Twelve pigs were successfully modeled and completed the study. Inflammation in the infarct zone persisted until day 14 post-AMI. The SUVR of the infarct zone pre-AMI and at days 1, 5, 8, and 14 post-AMI were 1.03±0.08, 3.49±1.06, 2.93±0.90, 2.38±0.76, and 1.63±0.62, respectively ( F=49.31, P<0.001). The F-extent values in the infarct zone pre-AMI and at days 1, 5, 8, and 14 post-AMI were 0, (40.08±12.46)%, (40.00±12.76)%, (31.08±12.82)%, and 16.50%(7.25%, 22.00%), respectively ( H=37.61, P=0.001). There were no significant differences in the SUVRs of bone marrow and spleen before and after AMI ( F values: 0.69 and 0.77, both P>0.05). At day 1 post-AMI, both SUVR and F-extent in the infarct zone were significantly correlated with LVRP ( r values: 0.82 and 0.70, P values: 0.001 and 0.035). Conclusions:18F-FDG PET imaging can be used to evaluate inflammation in the infarct area and its dynamic changes after AMI. Inflammation in the infarct area is severe at day 1, and then gradually decreases. The extent and severity of inflammation visible on 18F-FDG PET imaging 1 d after AMI are closely related to LVRP.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic impact of combining vitamin D supplementation with dietary adjustments on elderly male patients with diabetes and osteosarcopenia.Methods:From January 2021 to May 2023, a total of 108 male patients diagnosed with diabetes and osteosarcopenia were admitted to Beijing hospital for research purposes.The patients were randomly assigned to either a control group( n=54)or a trial group( n=54).The control group received conventional dietary adjustments, while the trial group received vitamin D supplementation in addition to dietary adjustments.Various parameters including 25-(OH)-VitD 3 levels, blood glucose levels, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI), bone mineral density, and bone metabolism indexes were measured before and after the treatment in both groups. Results:Compared to the pre-treatment period, the levels of 25-(OH)-VitD 3, grip strength, 6 m step speed, and ASMI increased in both groups, while fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose decreased significantly(all P<0.05).Additionally, the experimental group showed higher levels of 25-(OH)-VitD 3, grip strength, 6 m step speed, and ASMI compared to the control group post-treatment, with lower levels of fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose(all P<0.05).Compared with the pre-treatment period (bone density values in the lumbar spine: 0.41±0.09, the hip: 0.42±0.12 in the control group; bone density values in the lumbar spine: 0.43±0.07, the hip: 0.44±0.09 in the experimental group), the bone density values of the lumbar spine and the hip were higher in both groups after treatment(bone density values in the lumbar spine: 0.76±0.12, the hip: 0.78±0.12 in the control group; bone density values in the lumbar spine: 0.95±0.22, the hip: 0.97±0.28 in the experimental group). The bone density values of the lumbar spine and the hip in the experimental group were higher than those of the control group after treatment(all P<0.05).Furthermore, serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone(PTH)and osteoclast differentiation factor(RANKL)were significantly lower, while serum osteocalcin(OCN)was significantly higher in both groups post-treatment(all P<0.05).In the experimental group, serum PTH and RANKL concentrations were significantly lower and serum OCN was significantly higher compared to the control group post-treatment(all P<0.05). Conclusions:The results show that incorporating vitamin D into dietary changes can effectively regulate blood glucose levels, decrease bone loss, enhance bone density, and improve muscle quality in this patient population.

Objective To investigate the predictive values of electrocardiogram P wave dispersion (PWD) and P wave peak time in lead Ⅱ (PWPT Ⅱ) for new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with essential hypertension. Methods A total of 120 essential hypertension patients diagnosed as new-onset atrial fibrillation in the First People's Hospital of Changzhou City from July 2021 to June 2023 were selected as atrial fibrillation group, and 240 essential hypertension patients without atrial fibrillation in the same period matched by age and gender were selected as control group. Electrocardiograms under sinus rhythm were obtained from the patients in the last year through the electronic medical record system. The basic clinical data and electrocardiogram indexes were compared between the two groups; the correlations of PWD and PWPT Ⅱ with new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with essential hypertension were analyzed by binary Logistic regression; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the intra-observer and inter-observer agreement tests were conducted by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Results Heart rate (HR) of the atrial fibrillation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, while the body surface area (BSA), PR interval, PWD and PWPT Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors (age, gender, HR, body mass index, BSA), binary Logistic regression analysis showed that PWD (OR=1.124, 95%CI, 1.095 to 1.155) and PWPT Ⅱ (OR=1.252, 95%CI, 1.186 to 1.320) were significantly associated with new-onset atrial fibrillation (P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of PWD and PWPT Ⅱ for predicting new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with essential hypertension was 0.892 and 0.797 respectively, and the AUC of combined prediction by PWD and PWPT Ⅱ was 0.910. Both the intra-observer and inter-observer agreement for PWD and PWPT Ⅱ measurement were excellent (ICC>0.9). Conclusion Electrocardiogram PWD combined with PWPT Ⅱ has high application value in predicting new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with essential hypertension.

During coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the treatment of severe trauma has been impacted. The Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel corona virus pneumonia was published online on February 12, 2020, providing a strong guidance for the emergency treatment of severe trauma and the self-protection of medical staffs in the early stage of the epidemic. With the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council renaming "novel coronavirus pneumonia" to "novel coronavirus infection" and the infection being managed with measures against class B infectious diseases since January 8, 2023, the consensus published in 2020 is no longer applicable to the emergency treatment of severe trauma in the new stage of epidemic prevention and control. In this context, led by the Chinese Traumatology Association, Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association, Trauma Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, the Chinese expert consensus on emergency surgery for severe trauma and infection prevention during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic ( version 2023) is formulated to ensure the effectiveness and safety in the treatment of severe trauma in the new stage. Based on the policy of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and by using evidence-based medical evidence as well as Delphi expert consultation and voting, 16 recommendations are put forward from the four aspects of the related definitions, infection prevention, preoperative assessment and preparation, emergency operation and postoperative management, hoping to provide a reference for severe trauma care in the new stage of the epidemic prevention and control.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between serum uric acid level and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and outcomes after endovascular therapy (EVT) in elderly patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:Elderly patients with AIS (aged ≥65 years) received EVT in Beijing Geriatric Hospital and Xuanwu Hospital from December 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. sICH was defined as cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage revealed by CT within 72 h after admission and the Naitonal Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score increased by ≥4 compared with the baseline. At 90 d after onset, the clinical outcome was evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale. 0-2 was a good outcome and 3-6 was a poor outcome. The clinical data of the sICH group and non-sICH group, as well as the good outcome group and poor outcome group were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent correlation between serum uric acid level and sICH and poor outcomes. Results:A total of 122 patients were enrolled, their age was 73.89±6.24 years, and 73 (59.8%) were male. Fifty-two patients (42.6%) had hemorrhagic transformation, 27 (22.1%) had sICH, and 28 (23.8%) had a good outcome at 90 d after onset. The serum uric acid in the sICH group was significantly lower than that in the non-sICH group ( P=0.002), while the serum uric acid in the good outcome group was similar to that in the poor outcome group ( P=0.510). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the lower serum uric acid was an independent risk factor for sICH (odds ratio 0.994, 95% confidence interval 0.990-0.998; P=0.011). Conclusion:The lower serum uric acid level was an independent risk factor for sICH after EVT in elderly patients with AIS, but it was not associated with the outcomes.

Objective:To evaluate the left ventricular diastolic dyssynchrony (LVDD) and its influencing factors early after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using phase analysis of SPECT gated myocardial perfusion imaging (GMPI).Methods:Bama miniature swines ( n=16) were subjected to establish AMI models. GMPI was performed before and 1 d after AMI to obtain the extent of myocardial perfusion defect (Extent, %) and left ventricular systolic dyssynchrony (LVSD)/LVDD parameters, namely the phase histogram bandwidth (PBW) and phase standard deviation (PSD). Meanwhile, left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and the ratio of early to late peak mitral diastolic flow (E/A) were obtained by echocardiography. Independent-sample t test, paired t test and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. Results:Sixteen AMI swines were successfully created. Compared to baseline, Extent, LVEDV and LVESV significantly increased on 1 d after AMI ( t values: -11.14, -4.55, -6.12, all P<0.001), while LVEF and E/A significantly decreased ( t values: 10.16, 2.18, P<0.001, P=0.046). GMPI showed that the LVDD parameters PBW and PSD increased significantly on 1 d after AMI when compared to those at baseline((142.25±72.06)° vs (33.06±8.98)°, (56.15±26.71)° vs (12.51±5.13)°; t values: -6.11, -6.60, both P<0.001). There were significant differences between LVSD parameters and LVDD parameters (PBW: (109.06±62.40)° vs (142.25±72.06)°, PSD: (44.40±25.61)° vs (56.15±26.71)°; t values: -2.73, -2.20, P values: 0.016, 0.044). LVDD parameters PBW, PSD were negatively correlated with E/A after AMI ( r values: -0.569, -0.566, P values: 0.021, 0.022), and positively correlated with the Extent ( r values: 0.717, 0.634, P values: 0.002, 0.008). The phase analysis of SPECT GMPI to evaluate LVDD showed good intra-observer and inter-observe reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.953-0.984, all P<0.001). Conclusions:LVDD occurs early on 1 d after AMI, and can reflect left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. The Extent is correlated with LVDD significantly. Phase analysis of SPECT GMPI is an accurate method to evaluate LVDD and left ventricular diastolic function.

Objective: Astragali Radix (AR) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for tonic, which can be divided into wild-simulated and cultivated AR according to its cultivation method. However, whether cultivated AR can replace wild-simulated AR has always been a concern. Methods: In this study, a rapid, highly sensitive and specific analytical method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was developed to quantitatively measure 12 chemical constituents of AR in the different cultivation methods. Results: AR samples were analyzed with a good linear regression relationship (R