Adipose tissue is a critical energy reservoir in animals and humans, with multifaceted roles in endocrine regulation, immune response, and providing mechanical protection. Based on anatomical location and functional characteristics, adipose tissue can be categorized into distinct types, including white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), beige adipose tissue, and pink adipose tissue. Traditionally, adipose tissue research has centered on its morphological and functional properties as a whole. However, with the advent of single-cell transcriptomics, a new level of complexity in adipose tissue has been unveiled, showing that even under identical conditions, cells of the same type may exhibit significant variation in morphology, structure, function, and gene expression——phenomena collectively referred to as cellular heterogeneity. Single-cell transcriptomics, including techniques like single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), enables in-depth analysis of the diversity and heterogeneity of adipocytes at the single-cell level. This high-resolution approach has not only deepened our understanding of adipocyte functionality but also facilitated the discovery of previously unidentified cell types and gene expression patterns that may play key roles in adipose tissue function. This review delves into the latest advances in the application of single-cell transcriptomics in elucidating the heterogeneity and diversity within adipose tissue, highlighting how these findings have redefined the understanding of cell subpopulations within different adipose depots. Moreover, the review explores how single-cell transcriptomic technologies have enabled the study of cellular communication pathways and differentiation trajectories among adipose cell subgroups. By mapping these interactions and differentiation processes, researchers gain insights into how distinct cellular subpopulations coordinate within adipose tissues, which is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and function. Understanding these mechanisms is essential, as dysregulation in adipose cell interactions and differentiation underlies a range of metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2. Furthermore, single-cell transcriptomics holds promising implications for identifying therapeutic targets; by pinpointing specific cell types and gene pathways involved in adipose tissue dysfunction, these technologies pave the way for developing targeted interventions aimed at modulating specific adipose subpopulations. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of single-cell transcriptomic technologies in uncovering the heterogeneity and functional diversity of adipose tissues.

This study design of specific identification primers for the ITS2 sequence of F. ussuriensis. The reaction system and conditions were optimized, and PCR-nucleic acid test strips were constructed to realize the visual detection of F. ussuriensis Bark. Through molecular cloning and sequencing technology, we constructed a positive control for F. ussuriensis DNA and formulated quality standards. The established method was evaluated for sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility, and the authenticity of the commercially available samples was identified. Results demonstrated that based on the ITS2 sequences, F. ussuriensis and its mixed forgeries could be distinguished. The PCR products of the authentic F. ussuriensis on test strips showed two bands in the T and C lines, while the pseudo products and negative control showed only one band in the C line, which was consistent with the results of agarose gel electrophoresis. The specificity was 100%, and the sensitivity of the PCR-nucleic acid test strip was up to 0.1 ng·μL^-1, which was 10 times higher than that of the gel electrophoresis assay. 11 out of 16 commercially available samples of F. ussuriensis were qualified, and 5 were unqualified. Collectively, the PCR-nucleic acid test strip method established in this study is specific, rapid, accurate and visualized, which can provide a new technical idea for the detection of F. ussuriensis.

Objective To investigate anxious and depressive emotions in patients underwent cervical cancer surgery and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 304 patients who underwent primary cervical cancer surgery in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from Oct 2018 to Jun 2021,were recruited to evaluate the clinical effect based on cervical cancer-patient reported outcome 137 scale(CC-PRO137 scale).This study focused on dimensions of depressive and anxious emotions within this scale and explored their influencing factors.Results The average scores of their depressive and anxious emotions within half a year after surgery were 4.141±0.798 and 4.020±0.616,respectively;and the average scores of depressive and anxious emotions more than one year after surgery were 4.250±0.802 and 4.097±0.613,respectively.By using statistical methods including analysis of variance and t test,it was found that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of depression and anxiety among cervical cancer patients under different postoperative adjuvant treatments and at different postoperative time points(P<0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in the scores of depression and anxiety among patients with different ages,surgical methods,and clinical stages of cervical cancer(P>0.05).Conclusion Patients underwent cervical cancer surgery may suffer varying degree of depressive and anxious emotions,and the main influencing factors are different adjuvant treatments and the length of time for postsurgical recovery.Medical practitioners should strengthen comfort and care for patients with cervical cancer,especially those who receive chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments and are in the primary stage after the surgery.Formulating positive intervention measures can effectively reduce the psychological pain of patients and safeguard their physical and mental health.

Objective To explore the prevalent challenges in the construction and operation of SPD(Supply,Process-ing,and Distribution)projects for medical consumables and to propose corresponding strategies,thereby offering hospital supply managers insights for references.Methods Based on the questionnaire survey,the scope of difficulties was assessed across 23 hospitals.scores of each difficult point were calculated with descriptive statistics methods according to various stages,and the causes were analyzed.Results The overall scores of the survey ranged from 50 to 77 points,with the highest in each category being system interface docking(77 points),system stability(73 points),inventory carry-over(61 points),and the professional capability of SPD service provider(66 points).Conclusion In the construction and operation of SPD projects,it is essential to select an SPD model and service provider that aligns with the hospital's own characteristics.Establishing robust assessment mechanisms for SPD service providers and personnel training,as well as a comprehensive system audit and testing framework,can ensure system stability.Additionally,effective work assignment and performance evaluation of SPD personnel should be well-man-aged.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between morphological typing and monoclonality of bone marrow plasma cells,and explore the diagnostic value of plasma cell morphological typing for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma(HR-SMM).Methods:The correlation between the morphological characteristics and the monoclonality of bone marrow plasma cells was analyzed in 84 patients with HR-SMM who treated in our hospital.The consistency of morphologically abnormal bone marrow plasma cells with serum free light chain(sFLC)ratio,next-generation sequencing(NGS)detection results,and its correlation with monoclonal plasma cells detected by flow cytometry(FCM)were further verified.The immunoglobulin types and levels of non-involved immunoglobulins in serum of the patients were detected,and the distribution of plasma cell clusters in patients with different disease was observed.Results:The mean percentage of mature plasma cells were decreased successively in the order of reactive plasmacytosis(RP)group,monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance(MGUS)group,smoldering multiple myeloma(SMM)group,HR-SMM group and multiple myeloma(MM)group;while the mean percentage of immature,primitive,reticular and flaming plasma cells were increased successively in the order of RP group,MGUS group,SMM group,and HR-SMM group,and the difference between any two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The average proportion of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow of HR-SMM patients was 96.2％of the total plasma cells.The proportion of abnormal plasma cells were in good agreement with the sFLC ratio and the results of NGS detection in HR-SMM patients(kappa=0.879 and kappa=0.891,both＞0.75),and showed good correlation with the monoclonal plasma cells with immunophenotype of CD45-/CD38+/CD138+/CD56+/CD19-(γ=0.825).The levels of non-involved immunoglobulin in IgG,IgA and IgM type HR-SMM patients were all decreased by more than 25％compared with the normal reference range,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the distribution ratio of plasma cell clusters among different disease groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:In HR-SMM patients,the immature,primitive,reticular and flaming plasma cells in bone marrow are considered as abnormal plasma cells,and they are correlated with monoclonal plasma cells.The proportion of abnormal plasma cells in total plasma cells of bone marrow and the reduction extent of non-involved immunoglobulin level in patients have certain reference value for the diagnosis of HR-SMM.

Humans ; Consensus ; Hypersensitivity ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Allergens

Objective: To analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) . Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 68 patients with testicular DLBCL admitted to Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from October 2001 to April 2020. The gene mutation profile was evaluated by targeted sequencing (55 lymphoma-related genes) , and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results: A total of 68 patients were included, of whom 45 (66.2% ) had primary testicular DLBCL and 23 (33.8% ) had secondary testicular DLBCL. The proportion of secondary testicular DLBCL patients with Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ (P<0.001) , elevated LDH (P<0.001) , ECOG score ≥ 2 points (P=0.005) , and IPI score 3-5 points (P<0.001) is higher than that of primary testicular DLBCL patients. Sixty-two (91% ) patients received rituximab in combination with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) -based first-line regimen, whereas 54 cases (79% ) underwent orchiectomy prior to chemotherapy. Patients with secondary testicular DLBCL had a lower estimated 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate (16.5% vs 68.1% , P<0.001) and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate (63.4% vs 74.9% , P=0.008) than those with primary testicular DLBCL, and their complete remission rate (57% vs 91% , P=0.003) was also lower than that of primary testicular DLBCL. The ECOG scores of ≥2 (PFS: P=0.018; OS: P<0.001) , Ann Arbor stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ (PFS: P<0.001; OS: P=0.018) , increased LDH levels (PFS: P=0.015; OS: P=0.006) , and multiple extra-nodal involvements (PFS: P<0.001; OS: P=0.013) were poor prognostic factors in testicular DLBCL. Targeted sequencing data in 20 patients with testicular DLBCL showed that the mutation frequencies of ≥20% were PIM1 (12 cases, 60% ) , MYD88 (11 cases, 55% ) , CD79B (9 cases, 45% ) , CREBBP (5 cases, 25% ) , KMT2D (5 cases, 25% ) , ATM (4 cases, 20% ) , and BTG2 (4 cases, 20% ) . The frequency of mutations in KMT2D in patients with secondary testicular DLBCL was higher than that in patients with primary testicular DLBCL (66.7% vs 7.1% , P=0.014) and was associated with a lower 5-year PFS rate in patients with testicular DLBCL (P=0.019) . Conclusion: Patients with secondary testicular DLBCL had worse PFS and OS than those with primary testicular DLBCL. The ECOG scores of ≥2, Ann Arbor stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ, increased LDH levels, and multiple extra-nodal involvements were poor prognostic factors in testicular DLBCL. PIM1, MYD88, CD79B, CREBBP, KMT2D, ATM, and BTG2 were commonly mutated genes in testicular DLBCL, and the prognosis of patients with KMT2D mutations was poor.
Male ; Adult ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; China/epidemiology* ; Testicular Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Cyclophosphamide ; Rituximab/therapeutic use* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy* ; Prednisone/therapeutic use* ; Doxorubicin/therapeutic use* ; Vincristine/therapeutic use* ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Immediate-Early Proteins/therapeutic use* ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of polymyxin B in neutropenic patients with hematologic disorders who had refractory gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infection. Methods: From August 2021 to July 2022, we retrospectively analyzed neutropenic patients with refractory gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infection who were treated with polymyxin B in the Department of Hematology of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Soochow University between August 2021 to July 2022. The cumulative response rate was then computed. Results: The study included 27 neutropenic patients with refractory gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections. Polymyxin B therapy was effective in 22 of 27 patients. The median time between the onset of fever and the delivery of polymyxin B was 3 days [interquartile range (IQR) : 2-5]. The median duration of polymyxin B treatment was 7 days (IQR: 5-11). Polymyxin B therapy had a median antipyretic time of 37 h (IQR: 32-70). The incidence of acute renal dysfunction was 14.8% (four out of 27 cases), all classified as "injury" according to RIFLE criteria. The incidence of hyperpigmentation was 59.3%. Conclusion: Polymyxin B is a viable treatment option for granulocytopenia patients with refractory gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections.
Humans ; Polymyxin B/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/complications* ; Fever/drug therapy* ; Sepsis/drug therapy* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Bacteremia/complications*

Objective: To investigate the association of plasma vitamin B₁₂ level with plasma uric acid level among the elderly over 65 in 9 longevity areas of China. Methods: The elderly over 65 years old with complete information on plasma vitamin B₁₂ and plasma uric acid from Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study (2017 to 2018) were recruited in this study. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, life styles, diet intake, and health status were collected by questionnaire and physical examination; and fasting venous blood was collected to detect the levels of plasma vitamin B₁₂, uric acid and other indicators. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association of plasma vitamin B₁₂ level per interquartile range increase with plasma uric acid level. The association trend of plasma vitamin B₁₂ level with plasma uric acid level was described by restrictive cubic splines fitting multiple linear regression model. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of plasma vitamin B₁₂ level stratified by quartiles with hyperuricemia. Results: A total of 2 471 participants were finally included in the study, the age was (84.88±19.76) years old, of which 1 291 (52.25%) were female. The M (Q₁, Q₃) level of plasma vitamin B₁₂ was 294 (203, 440) pg/ml and the plasma uric acid level was (341.01±90.46) μmol/L. A total of 422 participants (17.08%) were defined with hyperuricemia. The results of multiple linear regression model showed that there was a positive association of plasma vitamin B₁₂ level with plasma uric acid level after adjustment for covariates (P<0.05). An IQR increase in plasma vitamin B₁₂ (237 pg/ml) was associated with a 6.36 (95%CI: 2.00-10.72) μmol/L increase in the plasma uric acid level. The restrictive cubic splines curve showed a positive linear association of log-transformed plasma vitamin B₁₂ with uric acid level (P<0.001). Conclusion: There is a positive association of plasma vitamin B₁₂ level with plasma uric acid level among the elderly over 65 years old in 9 longevity areas of China.
Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Male ; Vitamin B 12 ; Uric Acid ; Cohort Studies ; Hyperuricemia ; Vitamins ; Folic Acid

Objective: To investigate the association of mixed exposure to greenness and nitrogen dioxide(NO₂) and hypertension among the older adults aged 65 years and over in China. Methods: The study subjects were from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 2017 to 2018. A total of 15 423 older adults aged 65 years and over meeting the criteria were finally included in the study. A questionnaire survey was used to collect information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits and self-reported prevalence of hypertension. Blood pressure values were obtained through physical examination. The level of normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was measured by the Medium-resolution Imaging Spectral Radiator(MODIS) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA). The concentration of NO₂ was from China's surface air pollutant data set. Meteorological data was from NASA MERRA-2. The exposure to NDVI and NO₂ for each study subject was calculated based on the area within a 1 km radius around their residence. The association between mixed exposure of NDVI and NO₂ as well as their interaction and hypertension in older adults was analyzed by using the multivariate logistic regression model. The restrictive cubic spline(RCS) function was used to explore the exposure-response relationship between greenness and NO₂ and the risk of hypertension in study subjects. Results: The mean age of 15 423 older adults were (85.6±11.6). Women accounted for 56.3%(8 685/15 423) and 55.6%(8 578/15 423) lived in urban areas. The mean time of residence was (60.9±28.5) years. 59.8% of participants were with hypertension. The mean NDVI level was 0.41±0.13, and the mean NO₂ concentration was (32.18±10.36) μg/cm³. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NDVI was inversely and linearly associated with the hypertension in older adults, with the OR(95%CI) value of 0.959(0.928-0.992). Compared with the T₁ group of NDVI, the risk of hypertension was lower in the T₃ group, with the OR(95%CI) value of 0.852(0.769-0.944), and the trend test was statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with the T₁ group of NO₂, the risk of hypertension was higher in the T₂ and T₃ groups, with OR(95%CI) values of 1.160(1.055-1.275) and 1.244(1.111-1.393), and the trend test was statistically significant (P<0.05). The result of the RCS showed that NDVI was inversely and linearly associated with hypertension in older adults. NO₂ was nonlinearly associated with hypertension in older adults. The interaction analysis showed that NDVI and NO₂ had a negative multiplicative interaction on the risk of hypertension, with OR(95%CI) value of 0.995(0.992-0.997). Conclusion: Exposure to greenness and NO₂ are associated with hypertension in older adults.
Aged ; Humans ; Female ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; Air Pollution ; Prevalence ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Particulate Matter/analysis*