Objective:To investigate the causal relationship between childhood narcolepsy and allergic rhinitis using two-sample Mendelian randomization; To provide references for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods:Genetic variants closely related to narcolepsy were extracted from GWAS summary data as instrumental variables, with allergic rhinitis (AR) as the outcome variable. The narcolepsy data included 335 410 samples and 10 894 596 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The AR data included 5 527 cases and 212 387 controls, with a total of 16 380 461 SNPs. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted using inverse variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger regression methods mainly to evaluate the causal relationship between narcolepsy and AR with OR. Heterogeneity testing, pleiotropy assessment, and sensitivity analysis were used to evaluate the stability and reliability of the results.Results:A total of 42 SNPs were included as instrumental variables. It was found that the estimated effect of narcolepsy on AR was greater than 1 and with statistical significance [ OR(95% CI)=1.79(1.02,3.13), P=0.04]. Conclusions:There may be a positive causal relationship between narcolepsy and AR. "Phlegm-dampness impairing the spleen" is a common pathogenic mechanism between the two diseases.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics and compliance of early-onset gout patients by case-control analysis.Methods:A total of 111 early-onset patients (onset age ≤35 years old) were included as Group A, and 111 non-early-onset patients (onset age >35 years old) with matched disease durationwere included as Group B. The differences ofclinical characteristics, causes of acute gout attack, dairy diet habits, compliance, and misunderstanding of the disease were compared.Results:Compared with the non-early-onsetgoutpatients, the early-onset patients had a higher proportion of obesity (63 cases vs 28 cases), family history (36 cases vs 20 cases) and tophus (39 cases vs 23 cases) and higher level of VAS scores (8.5±1.3 vs 7.6±1.7; χ2=22.988, P<0.01; χ2=5.749, P=0.016; χ2=5.729, P=0.017; t=4.639, P<0.01), lowerproportionof the first metatarsophalangeal joint involvement as the initial joint involvement (45.9%, 51 cases vs 59.4%, 66 cases; χ2=4.066, P=0.044), higher proportion of the ankle involvement as the initial joint involvement (34.2%, 38 cases vs 21.6%, 24 cases; χ2=4.386, P=0.036), higher proportion of alcohol drinkers and high fructose drinkers, which was more likely to relate to alcohol intake, strenuous exercise and high fructose intakeas trigger of the flare ( χ2=6.513, P=0.011; χ2=7.126, P=0.008; χ2=1.978, P=0.160), while the proportion of regular exercisers and on diet in the family was lower ( χ2=22.887, P<0.01; t=-4.917, P<0.01). The proportion of poor diet and medication compliance in Group A was higher than that in Group B(57.7%, 64 cases vs 38.7%, 43 cases; χ2=5.207, P=0.022; χ2=5.867, P=0.015). As for the reason for poor treatment compliance, early-onset gout patients were more worry about the side-effects of drugs than non-early onset patients ( χ2=4.190, P=0.041). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the main misunderstanding of gout. Conclusion:Although early onset gout patients are young, their condition is more serious, and compliance is poorer, this group of patients should be highly valued in clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of fatal outcome in patients with severe COVID-19.Methods:The clinical characteristics of 107 patients with severe COVID-19 admitted in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from February 12 to March 12, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. During the hospitalization 49 patients died (fatal group) and 58 patients survived (survival group). The clinical characteristics, baseline laboratory findings were analyzed using R and Python statistical software. The risk factors of fatal outcome in patients with severe COVID-19 were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression.Results:Univariate analysis showed that the two groups had statistically significant differences in age, clinical classification, dry cough, dyspnea and laboratory test indicators ( P<0.05 or <0.01). The random forest model was used to rank the significance of the statistically significant variables in the univariate analysis, and the selected variables were included in the binary logistic regression model. After stepwise regression analysis, the patient’s clinical type, age, neutrophil count, and the proportion of CD3 cells are independent risk factors for death in severe COVID-19 patients. Dry cough is an independent protective factor for the death of severe COVID-19 patients. Conclusion:COVID-19 patients with fatal outcome are more likely to have suppressed immune function, secondary infection and inflammatory factor storm. These factors may work together in severe patients, leading to intractable hypoxemia and multiple organ dysfunction and resulting in fatal outcome of patients. The study indicates that timely intervention and treatment measures against above factors may be effective to save the lives of patients with severe COVID-19.

Alkali-salinity exerts severe osmotic, ionic, and high-pH stresses to plants. To under-stand the alkali-salinity responsive mechanisms underlying photosynthetic modulation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, physiological and diverse quantitative proteomics analyses of alkaligrass (Puccinellia tenuiflora) under Na2CO3 stress were conducted. In addition, Western blot,real-time PCR, and transgenic techniques were applied to validate the proteomic results and test the functions of the Na2CO3-responsive proteins. A total of 104 and 102 Na2CO3-responsive proteins were identified in leaves and chloroplasts, respectively. In addition, 84 Na2CO3-responsive phospho-proteins were identified, including 56 new phosphorylation sites in 56 phosphoproteins from chloro-plasts, which are crucial for the regulation of photosynthesis, ion transport, signal transduction, and energy homeostasis. A full-length PtFBA encoding an alkaligrass chloroplastic fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) was overexpressed in wild-type cells of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803, leading to enhanced Na2CO3 tolerance. All these results indicate that thermal dissipation, state transition, cyclic electron transport, photorespiration, repair of pho-tosystem (PS) Ⅱ, PSI activity, and ROS homeostasis were altered in response to Na2CO3 stress, which help to improve our understanding of the Na2CO3-responsive mechanisms in halophytes.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the incidence and risk factors of benign liver space-occupying mass in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and the ultrasound features that differentiate these masses from small hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the color Doppler and clinical data of 17 721 patients with CHB treated in the Hepatology Unit of Nanfang Hospital between January, 2016 and December, 2017. The data were compared with those of 21629 healthy control subjects undergoing routine physical examination in the Center of Heath Management of Nanfang Hospital during the same period. RESULTS: Compared with the control subjects, the patients with CHB had significantly higher incidences of hepatic cysts (11.8% 8.7%, < 0.05), hepatic hemangioma (8.2% 1.6%, < 0.05) and hepatic cirrhosis nodules (20.6% 2.4%, < 0.05). The incidences of hepatic cysts and cirrhosis nodules increased with age and was significantly higher in male than in female patients ( < 0.001). The highest incidence of hepatic hemangioma was found in CHB patients aged 30-49 years without a gender difference (>0.05). Sonographically, the benign liver masses commonly showed homogeneous echo within the lesion with clear boundaries and regular shape. Hepatic hemangioma was distinctively hyperechoic in 83.32% (1579/1895) of the patients, while small hepatocellular carcinoma presented with weaker peripheral and internal blood flow signals with a lower flow velocity in the arteries and a higher flow velocity in the portal vein. Liver cirrhosis nodules mostly showed a mixture of strong and weak echoes (79.60%; 7637/9595) without blood flow signal within or around the nodule; an increased volume of the nodule accompanied by heterogeneous echoes within the nodule indicated an increased probability of malignant lesion. Hepatic cysts often displayed no echo within the lesion, but the echo could be enhanced posteriorly. CONCLUSIONS The patients with CHB are at a significantly higher risk of developing hepatic cysts, hepatic hemangiomas and hepatic cirrhosis nodules than the control population, and an older age and the male gender are associated with a higher incidence of hepatic cysts or cirrhosis. The differences in the sonographic and hemodynamic features can help to differentiate hepatic benign mass from malignant lesions, and kinetic changes in sonography can be used to monitor potential malignant transformation of the cirrhotic lesions.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of different antiviral and antifibrotic regimens in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and hepatic fibrosis and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with these therapies. METHODS: A total of 840 patients with CHB and concurrent hepatic fibrosis, who received antiviral therapy in Nanfang Hospital between June, 2010 and June, 2018, were enrolled in this follow-up cohort study. The patients were assigned to 3 cohorts matched for gender, age (difference≤5 years), HBeAg status and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) for treatment with one of the 3 antiviral drugs, namely entecavir, tenofovir dipivoxil and adefovir dipivoxil; each cohort was divided into 2 groups, with one of the groups having a combined treatment with Fufang Biejiaruangan tablet. The cumulative negative conversion rate of HBV DNA, normalization rate of ALT, hepatic fibrosis regression and the incidence of HCC were compared among the 3 cohorts and across the 6 groups at 144 weeks. RESULTS: A total of 749 patients were available to follow-up at 144 weeks. Compared with the baseline data, the cumulative negative conversion rate of HBV DNA increased gradually and the abnormal rate of ALT decreased significantly over time during the treatment in all the 6 groups (all < 0.001). Compared with the any of the antiviral drugs used alone, the combined treatments all resulted in significantly better antifibrotic effects (χ=11.345, χ=10.160, χ=6.358; all < 0.05). At 144 weeks, the incidence of HCC were 2.2%, 1.7%, 1.7% and 3.3% in enecavir group, enecavir with Biejiaruangan tablet group, adefovir group, and adefovir with Biejiaruangan tablet group, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two cohorts (4 groups; χ=6.813, =0.138). None of the patients in the 2 groups with tenofovir treatment had HCC by the end of the observation. CONCLUSIONS Antiviral therapy combined with antifibrotic therapy can effectively reverse hepatic fibrosis and reduce the incidence of HCC in patients with CHB; among the 3 antiviral drugs, tenofovir dipivoxil can be a better option for reducing the incidence of HCC in these patients.
Antiviral Agents ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; etiology ; DNA, Viral ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Liver Neoplasms ; etiology ; Prospective Studies

Objective To establish a hospital-community transitional care network for patients with day surgery, provide hierarchical medical, ensure patients safety and promote the standardization of day surgery. Methods West China Hospital Day Surgery Center established the hospital-community transitional care network for day surgery on March 2012. A total of 40 community hospitals in Chengdu joined the network. Community medical personnel were trained with community training, public lectures, visiting and learning. Transitional care were carried out by gratuitous treatment, telephone follow-up, family visit, and two-way referral system. Results A total of 689 patients with day surgery received transitional care in community hospitals, and 94 patients were transferred to superior hospital from January to October 2017. Community hospitals can provide transitional care including dressing change, medication guidance, attention of patients' rehabilitation, and reminding the on-time reexamination for patients with day surgery. Conclusions The hospital-community transitional care network can promote the subsidence of high quality medical resources, and is benefit to the implementation of hierarchical medical and the safety of patients after day surgery.

Objective To explore the demand for transitional care service and readiness for hospital discharge in patients with day surgery and analyze their correlation. Methods From October to December 2016, a total of 288 patients undergoing day surgery of Day Surgery Ward in the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, were investigated with questionnaire. Survey instrument included the general information questionnaire, Transitional Care Service Demand Questionnaire and Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS). The dimension score and total score were described with a ((x)±s) deviation. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the score of demand for transitional care service and readiness for hospital discharge of patients. Results The total score of demand for transitional care service of patients with day surgery was (2.88±0.78) with a high level and (2.93±0.81) for the highest score in the dimension of wound self observation and care. The score of readiness for hospital discharge was (80.44±13.06) in patients with a high level. The total score of readiness for hospital discharge had a negative correlation with the total score of demand for transitional care service (r=-0.424, P< 0.05). Conclusions Patients with day surgery are with a high demand for transitional care service. Improving the readiness for hospital discharge can reduce demand for transitional care service. We should adopt positive measures to improve patients' self-care agency during hospitalization, draw up transitional care scheme according to different diseases and provide focused transitional care service.

Objective To understand the degree of resilience of emergency nurses and ICU nurses, and analyze the effects of resilience on work engagement of nurses working in the emergency and ICU departments in tertiary hospitals in Chengdu city. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey. A total number of 660 nurses from7 hospital in Chengdu were selected by a convenient sampling method. Results The mean resilience score of the emergency and ICU nurses in Sichuan province was (123.07± 23.76) points, the mean score of work engagement was(2.70±1.20) points. There was a positive relationship between emergency and ICU nurses′ resilience score and nurses′ work engagement (r=0.394, P < 0.01). Nurses with higher level of resilience indicated higher work engagement score (F=35.77, P < 0.05). Conclusions The resilience score of the emergency and ICU nurses in tertiary hospitals of Chengdu city was at a low level. Higher resilient emergency and ICU nurses tended to have the higher level of work engagement.

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a common cerebrovascular disease in clinical practice. Although the treatment of AVMs has been w idely studied, the prognosis of the patients does not get significantly improvement. The main therapeutic purpose of AVMs is to reduce the risk of bleeding. This article review s the risk of bleeding and treatment modalities of AVMs.