AIM: To explore the efficacy of 0.05% cyclosporine A combined with olopatadine eye drops in treating allergic conjunctivitis-related dry eye disease.METHODS: A total of 63 patients(63 eyes)with allergic conjunctivitis-related dry eye disease in the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from August 2022 to April 2023 were enrolled and randomly divided into control group(n=33)and observation group(n=30). The patients of the control group were administrated with 0.1% olopatadine eye drops and 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops, while the observation group was administrated with 0.1% olopatadine eye drops and 0.05% cyclosporine A eye drops. The ocular surface disease index(OSDI), total ocular symptom score(TOSS), conjunctival congestion score, conjunctival papillae and follicle score, Schirmer I test(SⅠt), tear meniscus height(TMH), meibomian gland secretion ability and property score, meibomian gland loss area score, corneal fluorescein staining(CFS), tear film break-up time(BUT), noninvasive first tear film break-up time(NIBUTf), noninvasive average tear film break-up time(NIBUTav)before and after treatment and the drug safety during the treatment period of both groups of patients were evaluated.RESULTS: After treatment, OSDI, TOSS, conjunctival congestion score, conjunctival papillae and follicle score, SⅠt, TMH, meibomian gland secretion ability score and property score, CFS, BUT, NIBUTf, and NIBUTav of the observation group showed improvements compared with those before treatment(all P<0.017). Among these, OSDI, TOSS, conjunctival congestion score, conjunctival papillae and follicle score, BUT, NIBUTf, and NIBUTav demonstrated significant improvement compared with the control group(all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in meibomian gland loss area score between the two groups before and after treatment(P>0.05). During the treatment period, there were no local or systemic adverse reactions.CONCLUSION: The combined use of 0.05% cyclosporine A and olopatadine eye drops can significantly improve ocular discomfort symptoms of patients with dry eye disease associated with allergic conjunctivitis, such as red eyes, itchy eyes and foreign body sensation, promote tear film stability and have high safety.

Objective: To investigate the association between expression levels of potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 (KCNQ1) gene and gout, so as to provide the basis for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of gout. Methods: A total of 179 patients diagnosed with gout at the outpatient department of Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital were enrolled in the case group, while 179 healthy individuals matched by age (within 5 years) were selected as the control group. Demographic information, lifestyle, dietary intake and biochemical blood indicators were collected through questionnaires and laboratory tests. The relative expression levels of KCNQ1 gene mRNA were quantified using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of KCNQ1 gene mRNA levels in distinguishing gout. The association between the relative expression level of KCNQ1 gene mRNA and gout, the interaction effects of the relative expression levels of KCNQ1 gene mRNA with dietary intake and biochemical blood indicators on gout were analyzed using a multivariate conditional logistic regression model. Results: There were 112 males (62.57%) and 67 females (37.43%) in the case group, with a mean age of (41.32±10.12) years. There were 98 males (54.75%) and 81 females (45.25%) in the control group, with a mean age of (40.24±7.62) years. The mRNA expression levels of the KCNQ1 gene were higher in the case group compared to the control group (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve was 0.897 (95%CI: 0.865-0.928). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that KCNQ1 gene mRNA expression levels were positively associated with gout risk (OR=1.430, 95%CI: 1.171-1.747). Significant interactions were observed between KCNQ1 mRNA expression and seafood intake (OR=2.107, 95%CI: 1.175-3.779), KCNQ1 gene mRNA expression and uric acid levels (OR=2.373, 95%CI: 1.366-4.119), as well as between uric acid levels and seafood intake (OR=2.321, 95%CI: 1.159-4.678). Conclusion The expression levels of the KCNQ1 gene may increase the risk of gout and further increase the risk through interaction with seafood intake and uric acid levels.

Objective To analyze the influence of drainage volume on prognosis of acute hydrocephalus(AHC)after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage(aSAH)by continuous lumbar drainage.Methods A retrospective trial was conducted on 82 AHC patients after aSAH admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2017 and January 2022.In 6 months after discharge,modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score was used to evaluate the prognostic outcomes.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on demographic factors,severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)at admission,medical history,cerebral vasospasm,and lumbar drainage data.Then a nomogram prediction model was constructed.Results Univariate analysis found that World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies(WFNS)score,Hunt-Hess grade,modified Fisher grade,time for continuous lumbar drainage,shunt dependence,cerebral vasospasm,and drainage volume were factors affecting the prognosis of the patients.Then logistic regression analysis revealed that high WFNS score(OR:3.25,95％CI:1.11～9.48),high modified Fisher grade(OR:3.66,95％CI:1.08～12.35),shunt dependence(OR:15.56,95％CI:1.22～198.57),and cerebral vasospasm(OR:22.24,95％CI:3.08～160.68)were independent predictors for mRS score,while volume of continuous lumbar drainage(OR:0.57,95％CI:0.40～0.82)was an independent protective factor.ROC curve analysis indicated a good predictive performance of the model(AUC=0.898,95％CI:0.935～0.861).Internal validation through Bootstrap method demonstrated excellent discriminatory ability of the model(C-index=0.950,95％CI:0.904～0.996;adjusted C-index:0.934).Conclusion Increased volume of lumbar drainage is an independent protective factor for poor prognosis following aSAH and can improve the prognosis of SAH patients.

Objective To investigate the intervention effects and mechanism of icariin on prostate cancer based on network pharmacology and animal experiments.Methods The targets of icariin were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed with the String database,and core targets were screened using Cytoscape 3.9.1.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on core targets were conducted with the Metascape database to predict the mechanism of action.A PC-3 tumor-bearing mouse model of prostate cancer was established to observe the inhibitory effects of icariin alone and in combination with paclitaxel on tumor growth.Results Network pharmacology predictions suggested that icariin has potential therapeutic effects on prostate cancer,with core targets potentially including serine/threonine kinase 1(AKT1),B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL2),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),heat shock protein 90 alpha family class A member 1(HSP90AA1),heat shock protein 90 alpha family class B member 1(HSP90AB1),nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1(NF-κB1),tumor protein p53,etc.Animal experiments found that compared with the model control group,the tumor volume growth in the icariin group and the paclitaxel group was significantly inhibited,and the serum tumor necrosis factor content was significantly reduced,while testosterone levels did not change significantly.Both groups significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of Notch1,Jagged1 and Hes1(P<0.05),with the combined treatment group showing a more significant inhibitory effect.Conclusions Both network pharmacology and animal experimental results confirmed that icariin has a significant inhibitory effect on prostate cancer.One of the mechanisms of its anti-tumor effects may be the significant inhibition of the activated Notch signaling pathway in tumors.

Objective: To explore the biological effects of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) with different high intensities on condylar cartilage in rats. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into a sham group (Sham) and an irradiation group (EMP1: 500 kV/m, 10 Hz; EMP2: 270 kV/m, 10 Hz). Then, they were sacrificed at 1 h, 3 h, 12 h, 24 h and 3 d after irradiation. The degree of cartilage degeneration was evaluated by HE, safranine O-fast green, type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were performed to detect the expression of the matrix degradation factors: matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS-5) and the apoptosis key factor cleaved-cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (cleaved-Caspase3) in condylar cartilage. Results : HE staining showed that, compared with the Sham group, a small amount of exfoliation was found on the fibrous surface layer of the cartilage after irradiation in the EMP1 and EMP2 groups. Compared with the Sham group, the percentage of safranine O-fast green-positive area decreased significantly at 12 h and 24 h (both P<0.01) in the EMP1 group and 12 h and 24 h in the EMP2 group (both P<0.05); the percentage of type Ⅱ collagen-positive area decreased significantly at 3 h and 12 h (P<0.05, P<0.001) in the EMP1 group. In addition, the number of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells increased significantly at 1 h, 3 h, 12 h, and 24 h in the EMP1 group and 1 h, 3 h, and 12 h in the EMP2 group (P<0.05). Moreover, at different timepoints (except at 3 d) in the EMP1 group and EMP2 group, the percentage of MMP-13, ADAMTS-5- and cleaved Caspase3-positive chondrocytes and their protein levels in condylar cartilage increased significantly after irradiation (P<0.05). Conclusion EMP with a certain degree of high-intensity can induce early transient damage to condylar cartilage. This effect is dose-and time-dependent.

Objective To prepare rat models of liver stagnation syndrome constipation-type irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-C)using single and multi-factor modeling method with different indicators,to provide ideal experimental animal models of IBS-C.Methods Forty-two SD rats were divided randomly into blank(Normal),cold-water gavage(Cold),restraint(Restrain),tail-clamping(Tail),cold-water gavage + restraint(C + R),and cold-water gavage + tail-clamping groups(C + T).Body weight,food intake,water intake,and survival status,as well as open-field behavior,fecal Bristol score,visceral sensitivity,and small intestine propulsion were observed in each group during the modeling period.Pathological changes in the rat colon were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining,and the serum and colon contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The body weight in each group decreased after modeling(P<0.05,P<0.01),the food and water intakes decreased,and serum 5-HT levels increased.The number of fecal particles and Bristol score decreased while the colon 5-HT content increased in the Cold group(P<0.05,P<0.01);the total distance and average speed of the restraint group in the open field decreased(P<0.01);the preference for sugar water in the Tail group decreased(P<0.01);the preference for sugar water,total open-field distance,small intestine propulsion rate,defecation particles,and Bristol score all decreased,while the colon 5-HT content increased and the VIP content decreased in the C + T group(P<0.05,P<0.01);and the total distance,average speed,and VIP content in the colon decreased in the C + R group(P<0.05).Except for the Tail group,all the model groups showed visceral hypersensitivity(P<0.05,P<0.01)compared to the blank group at various pressure values on days 7 and 14 of modeling.Pathological observations showed no significant inflammatory cell infiltration or pathological changes in any of the model groups.Conclusions The combination of ice-water gastric lavage and tail clamping can be used to establish a rat model of liver depression syndrome in IBS-C.This may be the best of the five tested method,and the resulting model may lay the foundation for further systematic and in-depth research into the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating IBS-C.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic mechanism underlying a case with para-Bombay phenotype. METHODS: The ABO and Lewis phenotype were identified with serological methods. The coding regions of exons 6 and 7 of the ABO and FUT1 genes were amplified with PCR and directly sequenced. Haploid sequence analysis was carried out on the variant sites of the FUT1 gene. RESULTS: Serological analysis confirmed that the proband has a rare para-Bombay phenotype. Direct sequencing revealed that he was a B.01/O.01.02 heterozygote for the ABO gene, and had heterozygous deletion for the 768 and 881-882 sites of the FUT1 gene. Further haploid analysis showed that the c.881_882delTT deletion has occurred in one haploid while c.768delC was present in the other haploid. The proband was therefore determined as a FUT1*01N.13/01N.20 heterozygote, which have resulted in frameshift in polypeptide chain p.Phe294Cysfs*40 and p.Val257Phefs*23, respectively. CONCLUSION A rare bi-allelic heterozygous deletion of para-Bombay phenotype has been identified in a blood donor. The c.881_882delTT and c.768delC deletions may decrease the activity of α-1,2-fucosyltransferase.
Animals ; Male ; ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Fucosyltransferases/genetics* ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Humans

Transtibial tunnel reconstruction is one of the classical surgical techniques for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction. However, this surgical technique inevitably produces the "killer turn" effect. Specifically, during the transtibial tunnel reconstruction, there is a sharp tunnel edge at the exit of the tibial tunnel, and the graft has a large stress at this edge, which leads to the failure of transplantation due to the repeated friction between the graft and the tunnel edge. The "killer turn" effect may lead to the "residual laxity", thus resulting in postoperative knee instability, affecting the long-term efficacy of reconstructive surgery and reducing the postoperative satisfaction of patients. In recent years, many scholars have proposed a series of improved techniques for PCL reconstruction in dealing with the "killer turn" effect, including tibial inlay technique and improved transtibial tunnel technique. The authors review the formation mechanism of "killer turn" effect and methods to eliminate or reduce the effect, in order to provide a reference for improving the effect in PCL reconstruction.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of open surgery and arthroscopic assisted surgery in treatment of knee dislocations.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 80 patients with knee dislocations admitted to Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from May 2013 to September 2019, including 59 males and 21 females, aged 18-66 years [(42.5±11.6)years]. Open multiple ligament reconstruction was performed in 49 patients (open group) and arthroscopic assisted multiple ligament reconstruction was performed in 31 patients (arthroscopic group). The postoperative hospitalization days, incidence of complications, time needed for recovery of knee range of motion (>0°, >90°, >120°), and time to complete weight-bearing were compared between the two groups. The Lysholm score, international knee documentation committee (IKDC) subjective knee form, Tegner activity level, score of the MOS item short-form health survey (SF-36), patient satisfaction and knee range of motion were compared between the two groups at the last follow-up.Results:All the patients were followed up for 1.2-7.4 years [(3.8±1.5)years]. There was no significant difference in postoperative hospitalization days or incidence of complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). No significant difference was found in time needed for recovery of knee range of motion (>0°, >120°) or time to complete weight-bearing ( P>0.05). The time needed for recovery of knee range of motion (>90°) was 90(60, 90)days in open group and 60(30, 90)days in arthroscopic group ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, there was no significant difference in Lysholm score, IKDC subjective score, Tegner activity level, SF-36 score, or patient satisfaction between the two groups ( P>0.05). At the last follow-up, the knee range of motion was 120°(90°, 130°) in open group and 135°(120°, 140°) in arthroscopic group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:For treatment of knee dislocations, open surgery and arthroscopic assisted surgery have similar results in the long-term effect, while arthroscopic assisted surgery has benefits in early rehabilitation and ultimately better knee range of motion.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of acute renal failure in children with burns ,and to summarize the experience of treatment .Methods The clinical data of 9 children with burns complicated with acute renal failure who received peritoneal dialysis were retrospectively analyzed . Results On the basis of rehydration and anti -infective therapy , 9 patients underwent continuous bed peritoneal dialysis(CAPD) treatment.The average duration of peritoneal dialysis was 11 days.The average hospital stay was 33 days.The levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were (17.69 ±6.01)mmol/L,(412.21 ±188.74)μmol/L at 5 days after peritoneal dialysis,and the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were (35.24 ±8.35)mmol/L, (801.23 ±298.15)μmol/L before the peritoneal dialysis,the differences were statistically significant (t =5.12, 3.31,all P<0.01).The levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were (9.76 ±3.37) mmol/L,(168.48 ± 112.25)μmol/L at 10 days after peritoneal dialysis,there were significant improvements compared with 5 days after peritoneal dialysis(t=3.45,3.33,all P<0.01).The symptoms of uremia disappeared or improved obviously ,and the complications of peritoneal dialysis were not obvious .Conclusion Pediatric burns with acute renal failure with dialysis indications preferred peritoneal dialysis treatment ,in the course of treatment should take into account the ade-quacy of dialysis and children with the development of individualized programs .