Objective To explore the relationship and internal path between activities of daily living(ADL),sleep quality and mental health of community elderly people in Shanghai.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among community residents aged 60 years and older seeing doctors in community health care center of five streets in Shanghai during Sept to Dec,2021 using convenience sampling.Activities of Daily Living(ADL),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale(K10)were adopted in the survey.Single factor analysis,correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.The effect relationship between the variables was tested using Bootstrap's mediated effects test.Results A total of 1 864 participants were included in the study.The average score was 15.53±4.47 for ADL,5.60±3.71 for PSQI and 15.50±6.28 for K10.The rate of ADL impairment,poor sleep quality,poor and very poor mental health of the elderly were 23.6%,27.3%,11.9%and 4.9%,respectively.ADL and sleep quality were all positively correlated with mental health(r=0.321,P＜0.001;r=0.466,P＜0.001);ADL was positively correlated with sleep quality(r=0.294,P＜0.001).Multiple linear results of factors influencing mental health showed that ADL(β= 0.457,95%CI:0.341-0.573),sleep quality(β =0.667,95%CI:0.598-0.737)and mental health were positively correlated(P＜0.001).Sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between ADL and mental health(95%CI:0.078-0.124)with an effect size of 33.0%.Conclusion Sleep quality is a mediator between ADL and mental health among community elderly people.Improving ADL and sleep quality may improve mental health in the population.

ObjectiveTo identify Lycium chinense and L. barbarum as the original plants of Lycii Cortex simply and efficiently by multiple allele-specific polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. MethodThe chloroplast genome sequences of L. chinense and L. barbarum were downloaded from the Chloroplast Genome Information Resource （CGIR）， and then IdenDSS was employed to screen out the specific single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） sites between the two plants. Primer 5.0 was used to design the specific primers， including primers GQ-F/R for identifying L. chinense and primers NX-F/R for identifying L. barbarum. Furthermore， the primer concentration ratio， annealing temperature， cycles， and Taq enzyme were optimized to establish the optimal PCR system and conditions for plant identification. Finally， the applicability of the established method was examined with the plant samples collected from different regions. ResultThe PCR with GQ-F/R∶NX-F/R concentration ratio of 2∶1 at the annealing temperature at 59 ℃ and for 30 cycles showed specific bands at 183 bp and 295 bp， respectively， for L. chinense and L. barbarum samples from different regions. ConclusionThe established PCR approach can simply， rapidly， and efficiently identify the original plants of Lycii Cortex， serving as a new method for the discrimination between L. chinense and L. barbarum. Moreover， the method provides technical support for the research and development of classic famous prescriptions containing Lycii Cortex.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role and mechanism of DNA repair regulation in the process of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） recurrence. MethodsHCC tissue samples were collected from the patients with recurrence within two years or the patients with a good prognosis after 5 years， and the Tandem Mass Tag-labeled quantification proteomic study was used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins enriched in the four pathways of DNA replication， mismatch repair， base excision repair， and nucleotide excision repair， and the regulatory pathways and targets that play a key role in the process of HCC recurrence were analyzed to predict the possible regulatory mechanisms. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups； a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsFor the eukaryotic replication complex pathway， there were significant reductions in the protein expression levels of MCM2 （P=0.018）， MCM3 （P=0.047）， MCM4 （P=0.014）， MCM5 （P=0.008）， MCM6 （P=0.006）， MCM7 （P=0.007）， PCNA （P=0.019）， RFC4 （P=0.002）， RFC5 （P<0.001）， and LIG1 （P=0.042）； for the nucleotide excision repair pathway， there were significant reductions in the protein expression levels of PCNA （P=0.019）， RFC4 （P=0.002）， RFC5 （P<0.001）， and LIG1 （P=0.042）； for the base excision repair pathway， there were significant reductions in the protein expression levels of PCNA （P=0.019） and LIG1 （P=0.042） in the HCC recurrence group； for the mismatch repair pathway， there were significant reductions in the protein expression levels of MSH2 （P=0.026）， MSH6 （P=0.006）， RFC4 （P=0.002）， RFC5 （P<0.001）， PCNA （P=0.019）， and LIG1 （P=0.042） in recurrent HCC tissue. The differentially expressed proteins were involved in the important components of MCM complex， DNA polymerase complex， ligase LIG1， long patch base shear repair complex （long patch BER）， and DNA mismatch repair protein complex. The clinical sample validation analysis of important differentially expressed proteins regulated by DNA repair showed that except for MCM6 with a trend of reduction， the recurrence group also had significant reductions in the relative protein expression levels of MCM5 （P=0.008）， MCM7 （P=0.007）， RCF4 （P=0.002）， RCF5 （P<0.001）， and MSH6 （P=0.006）. ConclusionThere are significant reductions or deletions of multiple complex protein components in the process of DNA repair during HCC recurrence.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of 3 different primitives or the same primitives with different characters of Tibetan medicine Zuomoxing[Caragana changduenais Liou f. with red heartwood, Caragana jubata(Pall.) Poir. with brown and white heartwood] on rats with pattern of toxic heat-induced blood stasis. METHODS　Ninety SD rats were randomly divided into the blank group, model group, aspirin-positive group, Changdu low-dose group(CDD), Changdu high-dose group(CDG), whitewood of Guijian low-dose group(GJBD), whitewood of Guijian high-dose group(GJBG), brown wood of Guijian low-dose group(GJZD), Brown wood of Guijian high-dose group(GJZG). Models with heat toxicity and blood stasis pattern were established by intraabdominal injection of carrageenan combined with tail vein injection of lipopolysaccharide. The effects of each group on blood rheology, coagulation four indices and blood routine were determined, and the content of arachidonic acid(AA), IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and thromboxane B2(TXB2) were measured with ELISA. RESULTS ①Blood rheology: Compared with model group, CDD and CDG significantly decreased whole blood viscosity(WBV), reduction viscosity of whole blood(WBRV), erythrocyte rigidity index(HGX), erythrocyte deformability index(EDI), whole blood relative index(WBRI) (P<0.01), and increased plasma viscosity(P<0.01). GJZG and GJZD significantly decreased HGX(P<0.01 or P<0.05), and increased plasma viscosity(P<0.01). GJBG and GJBG significantly decreased WBHSV, WBHSRV, HGX, EDI, and whole blood high shear relative index(WBHSRI)(P<0.01). ②Coagulation four indices: Compared with model group, CDD significantly reduced the thrombin time(TT)(P<0.01). GJZG significantly reduced activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and TT(P<0.01 or P<0.05). GJBD significantly reduced prothrombin time(PT) and APTT (P<0.01 or P<0.05). ③Blood routine: Compared with model group, GJZD and GJBD significantly decreased the percentage of monocytes(P<0.01 or P<0.05). The number of large platelets in CDD significantly increased(P<0.05). CDG significantly increased the platelet number, platelet hematocrit, and large platelet number(P<0.01 or P<0.05), and tended which to be normal. ④Inflammatory factors: Compared with model group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, TXB2 were significantly increased in CDD and CDG(P<0.01 or P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 and TXB2 were significantly increased in GJZD and GJZG(P<0.01). GJBD was significantly increased TXB2(P<0.01), and GJBG was significantly increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TXB2(P<0.01), while decreased AA(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Zuomoxing with separate sources have different degrees of effects on rats with pattern of toxic heat-induced blood stasis, and have different degrees of effects on hemorheology, coagulation factors, blood routine and inflammatory mediators, and the degree and trend of effects are different with different doses. The effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis was generally manifested as Changdu > whitewood of Guijian > Brown wood of Guijian. The effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis may be the result of multiple pathways and mechanisms.

DNA polymerase theta (Polθ), also known as DNA polymerase θ, is the member of the DNA polymerase A family and plays a crucial role in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). Polθ has 3 distinct structural domains: the N-terminal helicase-like domain with a conserved sequence, the C-terminal polymerase domain, and the central domain, which is a disordered sequence connecting these two regions. Notably, Polθ is the only known polymerase in eukaryotes that possesses helicase activity. However, it is also an error-prone polymerase. When DNA DSBs occur, a specialized network consisting of at least 4 pathways, including classical-non homologous end joining (C-NHEJ), homologous recombination (HR), single-strand annealing (SSA), and alternative-end joining (Alt-EJ), is responsible for repairing DNA damage caused by DSBs. In the absence of major DNA repair pathways like HR, cells rely on Alt-EJ pathway mediated by Polθ to repair damaged DNA and maintain genomic stability. Nevertheless, due to the low fidelity of Polθ, Alt-EJ repair often leads to errors. Depletion of Polθ has shown to increases DSB formation and compromise genomic stability. Conversely, overexpression of Polθ has been associated with increases DNA damage markers and impairs cell cycle progression. As a result, the impact of Polθ on genome stability remains controversial. Furthermore, overexpression of Polθ is frequently observed in cancer and is associated with a characteristic mutational signature and poor prognosis. Depleting Polθ in an HR-deficient background has been shown to impair cell viability, suggesting a synthetic lethal (SL) relationship between Polθ and HR factors. In recent years, targeted chemotherapy drugs that inhibit tumor growth have gained significant attention. However, off-target effects and drug resistance pose challenges for clinical application, particularly with poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi). Blocking Polθ activity in HR-deficient tumor cells has been found to reverse PARPi resistance, making Polθ a very promising therapeutic target in cancer treatment. The availability of crystal structures for both helicase and polymerase domain has facilitated the design of potent inhibitors of Polθ. Currently, several highly specific and effective small molecule inhibitors targeting Polθ, such as Novobiocin, RP-6685, and ART558, have been reported to effectively block various cancers with HR deficiency. The initial success of these inhibitors points to new directions for treating BRCA1/2-mutated tumors. Additionally, reducing the Alt-EJ repair pathway mediated by Polθ can improve HR repair efficiency and increase the chance of exogenous gene target integration (TI), suggesting potential new applications for Polθ inhibitors. This article reviews the recent research progress on the molecular function of Polθ and its involvement in the Alt-EJ pathway modification mechanism, providing insights for a deeper understanding of this field.

Background Organic phosphate flame retardants are emerging environmental pollutants. While there have been multiple toxicities reported following organic phosphate flame retardants exposure, few studies focus on their potential developmental toxicities. It is necessary to elucidate these developmental toxicological effects and underlying mechanisms to improve risk assessments and better protect sensitive populations. Objective To evaluate potential developmental toxicities in early chicken embryos following exposure to triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) or cresyl diphenyl phosphate (CDP), to reveal TPhP and CDP’s capabilities to activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in vivo in an established chicken embryo gene reporter system, and to investigate the roles of PPARγ in TPhP/CDP-induced developmental toxicities with lentivirus-mediated in vivo gene silencing. Methods Firstly, diverse doses of TPhP and CDP were injected into the air sacs of fertilized eggs to assess the development of chicken embryos after 6 d of incubation, and an optimal dose was chosen for subsequent experiments. Subsequently, the report gene system was employed to evaluate the intraembryonic activation of PPARγ by TPhP and CDP. Eventually, PPARγ was silenced using lentivirus, and the embryos were co-treated with TPhP and CDP to further disclose the roles of PPARγ in the observed developmental toxicity. Results Following developmental exposure to TPhP or CDP, significantly lower chicken embryo weights (normalized with egg weights) were observed in the 6 d embryos (10, 30 mg·kg⁻¹ TPhP and 3, 10, 30 mg·kg⁻¹ CDP), indicating that both chemicals have general developmental toxicities and CDP is more potent. Additionally, exposure to CDP also resulted in remarkably increased sagittal brain area (normalized to embryo weights) and decreased sagittal eye area (normalized to embryo weights) (P<0.05), suggesting that CDP has specific developmental neurotoxicity and ocular toxicity. The PPARγ reporter gene experiment results revealed that rosiglitazone (positive control), TPhP, and CDP all significantly activated PPARγ relative to control (P<0.05). The potency order was rosiglitazone > CDP > TPhP. The lentivirus microinjection successfully achieved in vivo silencing of PPARγ in developing chicken embryos, and the estimated silencing efficacy was approximately 55% according to the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results. The in vivo silencing of PPARγ effectively alleviated TPhP or CDP-induced decrease of embryo weights (P<0.05), as well as CDP-induced increase of brain areas and decrease of eye areas (P<0.05). Conclusions Both TPhP and CDP can induce general developmental toxicities in early chicken embryos, and CDP is more potent than TPhP. Meanwhile, CDP can induce specific enlarged brain area and decreased eye area. The observed toxicities are associated with in vivo activation of PPARγ.

Objective:To explore expression of each member of miR17-92 cluster in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of patients with gout,to predict their possible targets and pathways of action,and to evaluate their possible mechanism and clinical significance in gout.Methods:A total 67 gouty arthritis(GA)patients were selected,including 22 patients with acute gout arthritis(AG)and 45 patients with intermittent gout(IG),and 35 normal health control(HC)were selected in Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College.RT-qPCR measured expressions of miR17-92 cluster,IFN-γ,IL-10 and some members of JAK-STAT pathway,and relevant laboratory indicators were collected to analyze correlation between each other.Results:Relative expressions of miR17,miR18a,miR19a,miR20a and miR19b were significantly changed in AG,IG and HC(H=8.753,P<0.05;H=6.338,P<0.05;H=6.523,P<0.05;H=9.061,P<0.05;H=9.729,P<0.01).JAK3 and STAT2 expressions were statistically different in AG,IG and HC groups(H=10.349,P<0.01;H=14.801,P<0.01).Expression of IFN-γ was statistically different among AG,IG and HC groups(H=8.734,P<0.05).In AG patients,miR18a expression was inversely correlated with IBIL,Crea,MO and HGB.miR19a ex-pression was negatively associated and TC,UA and HGB.miR20a expression was negatively associated with Crea.miR19b expression was negatively associated with UA and HGB.In IG patients,miR17 expression was negatively associated with IBIL,WBC,LY and MO.miR18a expression was positively associated with ALP,miR19a expression was negatively associated with TC and UA,and miR20a expression was negatively associated with ADA and UA.Conclusion:miR17-92 cluster may regulate development and partici-pate in clinical pathology of gout by targeting JAK-STAT pathway.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of thumb-tack needling for subcutaeous embedding combined with joint mobilization in the treatment of post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome.Methods A total of 80 patients with post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 40 patients in each group.Both groups were given arthrocentesis,the control group was given ordinary acupuncture on the basis of arthrocentesis,and the treatment group was combined with thumb-tack needling for subcutaeous embedding.One course of treatment was 4 weeks and a total of 4 weeks of treatment was given.After 1 month of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated.The changes of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)of pain scores and simplified Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA)scores,as well as the pain-free passive forward flexion and abduction of the shoulder joint of the affected limb were observed before and after treatment.The Simple Quality of Life Scale(SF-36)scores of the patients in the two groups were compared after treatment.The safety and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups were also evaluated.Results(1)The total effective rate was 95.00%(38/40)in the treatment group and 80.00%(32/40)in the control group.The efficacy of the treatment group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the VAS scores and upper extremity FMA scores of the patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the treatment group was significantly superior to the control group in improving the VAS scores and upper extremity FMA scores,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the joint mobility of patients in the two groups were significantly improved(P＜0.05),and the improvement of shoulder joint movement in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the SF-36 Quality of Life Scale scores of the treatment group were significantly superior to those of the control group in terms of physical function,psychological function,emotional health,and social function levels,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(5)There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the treatment group and the control group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Thumb-tack needling for subcutaeous embedding combined with joint mobilization exert certain effect in the treatment of post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome.It can significantly improve the pain symptoms of patients,thus improving their quality of life,and the clinical effect is remarkable.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between health literacy and sports injuries among high school students with athletic specialization, so as to provide theoretical basis for the intervention of sports injury occurrence of sports special students. Methods: A total of 443 high school students with athletic specialization aged 16-18 years old from 21 urban and rural areas in Shangrao City, Ganzhou City and Nanchang City of Jiangxi Province were selected by convenient sampling method from March to April 2023, and the health literacy and sports injury incidence were investigated. The assessment of sports injury was based on the Monitoring Method of Child and Adolescent Injury, and the assessment of health literacy level was conducted using the Interactive Health Literacy Questionnaire of Chinese Adolescents. χ 2 test was used to compare the reported rate of sports injuries among the demographic and sports training groups and the correlation between health literacy and sports injuries. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to infer the correlation between the health literacy level of high school students with athletic specialization and the occurrence of sports injuries. Results: The prevalence of sports injury was 49.4% in high school students with athletic specialization. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of sports injury of high school students with athletic specialization with medium and low level of health literacy was significantly increased compared with high level (medium level: OR = 1.98,95% CI =1.12-3.51; low level: OR =2.08, 95% CI =1.18-3.68), high school students with athletic specialization in low level of health awareness of sports injury risk was higher than other dimensions of health literacy level (middle level: OR =2.77, 95% CI =1.48-5.19; low level: OR =2.01, 95% CI =1.04-3.88)( P <0.05). The results of stratified analysis showed that among male students with athletic specialization and students with track and field, students with moderate/low overall health literacy had a higher risk of sports injuries compared to high level students (male students: low level, OR =2.46, 95% CI =1.15-5.28; track and field: intermediate level, OR =2.17, 95% CI =1.06-4.43, low level, OR =2.09, 95% CI =1.02-4.30; P <0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation between the health literacy level of high school students with athletic specialization and the occurrence of sports injuries. Students health awareness should be improved to reduce the risk of sports injuries.

Tablets represent the most widely used oral solid dosage form in the pharmaceutical industry. Puerarin monohydrate (PUEM), a solid form of the natural antihypertensive drug puerarin, is commercially available. However, the low solubility of PUEM poses a significant challenge for the development of its tablet dosage form. In this study, we successfully prepared the sodium chelates of puerarin (PUE-Na·7H₂O) using reactive crystallization techniques. The crystal structure of PUE-Na·7H₂O was analyzed using single crystal technology, which revealed the structural characteristics of its metal chelate. Our thermodynamic studies demonstrated that the formation of PUE-Na·7H₂O involved the simultaneous deprotonation of PUE and the chelation of PUE^- and Na⁺. This reaction process was spontaneous and exothermic (ΔG < 0, ΔH < 0), and reducing the temperature facilitated the formation of the chelate. Nucleation kinetics studies revealed that chelate molecules were more likely to nucleate and crystallize under low temperature, high concentration, and high rotational speed conditions. Compared to commercially available PUEM, PUE-Na·7H₂O showed significantly improved water solubility, with a 33.5-fold increase in solubility and a 37.6-fold decrease in intrinsic dissolution rate. Our study identified drug-sodium chelation as an effective means for improving drug solubility and elucidated the mechanisms governing its formation kinetics and thermodynamics. These findings could provide new solutions for related product development and tremendous commercial opportunities.