The patient,a male newborn,was admitted to the hospital 2 hours after birth due to prematurity(gestational age 27+5 weeks)and respiratory distress occurring 2 hours postnatally.After admission,the infant developed fever and elevated C-reactive protein levels.On the fourth day after birth,metagenomic next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid indicated a positive result for Mycoplasma hominis(9 898 reads).On the eighth day,a retest of cerebrospinal fluid metagenomics confirmed Mycoplasma hominis(56 806 reads).The diagnosis of purulent meningitis caused by Mycoplasma hominis was established,and the antibiotic treatment was switched to moxifloxacin[5 mg/(kg·day)]administered intravenously for a total of 4 weeks.After treatment,the patient's cerebrospinal fluid tests returned to normal,and he was discharged as cured on the 76th day after birth.This article focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal Mycoplasma hominis purulent meningitis,introducing the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of the condition in extremely preterm infants.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(4):432-436]

For rapid discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease (M^pro) inhibitors from a natural product library, a novel colorimetric screening assay was developed. According to the colorimetric principle, the synthetic peptide TSAVLQ-para-nitroanilide (pNA) was used as the M^pro hydrolysis substrate. Subsequently, the working concentration of pNA substrate, M^pro working concentration, hydrolysis time and DMSO tolerance were optimized for the development of a simple and robust colorimetric screening assay. Through these systematic optimizations, we selected 0.4 μmol·L^-1 M^pro and 100 μmol·L^-1 pNA substrate as the optimal working concentrations in this colorimetric screening assay, and a high Z' factor of 0.9 was achieved. Using this screening assay, natural product ginkgolic acid C13:0 (GA13:0) was identified as a novel competitive M^pro inhibitor in vitro. Taken together, we have successfully developed a simple and optimized colorimetric screening assay, which will be vital for the discovery of novel SARS-CoV-2 M^pro inhibitors.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Guangxi from 2010 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the incidence data of hepatitis A in Guangxi from 2010 to 2020. Results From 2010 to 2020, a total of 8,742 cases of hepatitis A were reported in Guangxi, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.66 /100,000. There were 5 298 male cases (60.60%), and 3,444 female cases (39.40%). The incidence rate decreased from 2.73/100 000 in 2010 to 1.38/100 000 in 2020. The onset seasonality was strong in 2010, but there was no obvious seasonality in other years. A total of 5 891 cases (67.39%) were aged from 25 to 64 years. Farmers accounted for 59.79% of the cases. A total of 7 hepatitis A outbreaks were reported during 2010-2020, including 273 cases，accounting for 3.12% of the total cases．The incidence rates of hepatitis A in Hezhou (3.97/100 000), Wuzhou (2.98/100 000), Hechi (2.44/100 000), Guigang (2.00/100 000) and Beihai (1.79/100 000) were relatively higher than other places. Conclusion The number of reported hepatitis A cases in Guangxi has been declining year by year, and the prevention and control measures of hepatitis A vaccine prevention are effective. The surveillance of hepatitis A should be strengthened, and prevention and control strategies should be formulated for high-risk areas and key populations.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in the proliferation, growth, invasion, and metastasis of human cancers. Moreover, β-catenin/T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) interaction regulates the transcription of the key oncogenes in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, β-catenin/TCF4 interaction would be a promising therapeutic target for the development of highly selective anticancer agents. At present, most ongoing small-molecule inhibitors targeting β-catenin/TCF4 interaction, including PKF222-815, iCRT3/5/14, LF3, and sanguinarine, have been developed in preclinical studies for human cancer therapeutics. In this review, we summarized the research advances of up-to date inhibitors targeting β-catenin/TCF4 interaction, including the molecular structure and cellular functions of β-catenin in canonical Wnt signaling pathway. This review holds a hopeful avenue for the development of novel and highly selective Wnt inhibitors targeting β-catenin/TCF4 interaction for future anticancer strategy.

Objective:To explore the effect of PRECEDE-PROCEED model on health behavior and quality of life of patients after total hip arthroplasty. Methods:From February to December, 2018, 103 patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty were divided into control group (n = 51) and intervention group (n = 52). The control group received routine perioperative guidance, while the intervention group received PRECEDE-PROCEED model in addition, in accordance to the nine links of the model, multi-dimensional intervention measures should be formulated with tendency factors, contributing factors and strengthening factors as the core. They were followed up for six months after discharge, and were assessed with Health Promoting Life style Profile II (HPLP II) and the MOS Item Short From Health Survey (SF-36) one, three and six months after discharge, respectively. Results:There was no significant difference in the scores of HPLP II and SF-36 between two groups at discharge (P > 0.05). The scores of HPLP II and SF-36 were higher than in the intervention group than in the control group one, three and six months after discharge (t > 2.307, P < 0.05). Conclusion:PRECEDE- PROCEED model could change the undesirable life behavior after operation, and improve the health behavior and quality of life of patients with total hip arthroplasty.

【Objective】To investigate the differences of lung involvement between dengue and severe dengue.【Methods】227 dengue patients admitted in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from July 2014 to October 2018 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics，treatment and outcome of the patients were analyzed to explore the differences of lung involvement between dengue and severe dengue （SD）. 【Results】 The rate of old age ，smoking ，hypertension，diabetes and cerebrovascular disease was higher in dengue with lung involvement group（DWLI）than dengue without lung involvement group（DWOLI）（χ2 were 25.146，3.847，10.326，7.177，and 5.355，P was 0.050 for smoking，the others were < 0.05）. The rate of cough and breathlessness was higher in DWLI（χ2 were 11.465 and 6.068，P were 0.001 and 0.014），as well as in SD subgroup（χ2 were 4.585 and 6.717，P were 0.032 and 0.010）. C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were increased in DWLI（Z were - 2.591 and - 3.033，P were 0.010 and 0.002）. The rate of pleural effusion was higher in SD subgroup（χ2 = 4.987，P = 0.026）. Bilateral lung infiltration was correlated with SD（χ2 = 5.910，P =0.015）. The rate of acute liver injury，acute kidney injury and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome（MODS）was higher in DWLI（χ2 were 7.044，7.059，and 11.315，P were 0.008，0.008 and 0.001）. The rate of anti-virus，anti-bacteria and combined therapy was higher in DWLI（χ2 were 13.156，32.845，and 12.684，P all were < 0.001）.【Conclusion】Dengue patients who were with old age，smoking，or suffered from underlying disease of hypertension，diabetes and cerebrovascular disease were vulnerable to lung involvement. Cough，breathlessness，pleural effusion and bilateral lung infiltration were signs of severe dengue. Attention should be paid to dengue with lung involvement.

Objective: To study inhibitory effect of total flavonoids from Ampelopsis grossedentata (TF) on transplanted tumors of human hepatocellular carcinoma in nude mice, and predict that its mechanism may be related to relevant factors regulating phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinases B(Akt)/p53 pathway in apoptosis. Method: The nude mice transplanted BEL-7404 hepatoma model was established and divided into model group, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group (1.0 g·L^-1) and TF (30, 15, 7.5 g·L^-1) groups. Nude mice were put to death after two weeks of administration. The tumor tissues were excised, and tumor inhibition rate (IR) and relative tumor proliferation rate (T/C) were calculated. Reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR) was used to detect PI3K, Akt1, p53 gene(p53), Caspase-3, B cell lymphoma/lewkmia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) mRNA expressions, immunohistochemical method was used to detect expressions of relevant proteins PI3K, Akt1, p53, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax. Result: The establishment of xenograft tumor in mice showed that TF was administered orally once per day for two consecutive weeks. IRs were 53.26%, 35.94%, and 26.74%, respectively. T/Cs were 59.74%, 69.66%, and 84.82%, respectively. RT-PCR experiments showed that compared with model group, when TF concentration was 30 g ·L^-1, mRNA expressions of PI3K, Akt1, and Bcl-2 were significantly down-regulated, and mRNA expressions of tumor suppressor genes p53, Capsase-3, and Bax were significantly up-regulated. Immunohistochemical method results showed that compared with model group, at TF concentrations of 30, 15 g·L^-1, all PI3K, Akt1, Bcl-2 protein expressions were significantly down-regulated, while p53, Capsase-3, Bax protein expressions were significantly increased. Conclusion: TF has an obvious anti-liver cancer activity in vivo. Its mechanism may be correlated with up-regulation of expressions of p53, Caspase-3, and activation of apoptosis PI3K/Akt/p53 pathway, thereby inhibiting Bcl-2, increasing expression of Bax, and promoting hepatocellular apoptosis.

The poor solubility of cyclosporine A (CsA) in water limits its oral absorption. We prepared CsA/ Soluplus/SDS complex, which can form CsA/Soluplus/SDS supersaturated micelles (CSS-SM) after hydration. Then, We further prepared CSS-SM osmotic pump tablets (CSS-SM-T). CSS-SM had a particle size of 156 nm, where in encapsulation efficiency and drug loading efficiency of CsA were 89.0% and 17.5%, respectively. CSS-SM-T achieved zero-level drug release in vitro. Pharmacokinetic data from Beagle dogs (all animal experiments were conducted under the guidelines approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences) indicated that CsA in the ordinary osmotic pump tablets was hardly absorbed after orally administered; despite slightly lower bioavailability [relative bioavailability: (85.1 ± 47.4) %] than that of Sandimmum Neoral, CSS-SM-T displayed lower fluctuations in CsA plasma concentration and obvious sustained-release characteristics in vivo, implying lower toxicity. Therefore, CSS-SM-T provides a new research idea for the design and development of oral sustained- and controlled-release preparations of poorly water-soluble drugs.

Current biomechanical research of dental implants focuses on the mechanical damage and enhancement mechanism of the implant-abutment interface as well as how to obtain better mechanical strength and longer fatigue life of dental implants. The mechanical properties of implants can be comprehensively evaluated by strain gauge analysis, photo elastic stress analysis, digital image correlation, finite element analysis, implant bone bonding strength test, and measurement of mechanical properties. Finite element analysis is the most common method for evaluating stress distribution in dental implants, and static pressure and fatigue tests are commonly used in mechanical strength test. This article reviews biomechanical research methods and evaluation indices of dental implants. Results provide methodology guidelines in the field of biomechanics by introducing principles, ranges of application, advantages, and limitations, thereby benefitting researchers in selecting suitable methods. The influencing factors of the experimental results are presented and discussed to provide implant design ideas for researchers.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Computer Simulation ; Consensus ; Dental Abutments ; Dental Implant-Abutment Design ; Dental Implants ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Finite Element Analysis ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective:To evaluate the outcome of telerehabilitation in pain control and function recovery after total knee arthroplasty. Methods:CNKI, Wanfang Data (WF), CBM, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Springer Link, and Cochrane Library were searched on the effects of telerehabilitation on the patients after total knee arthroplasty, and the literatures of random control trials (RCT) study in English and Chinese in the above databases from 2000 to 2018 were collected. Literature screening, quality evaluation, data extraction and data analysis were carried out by 2 researchers. The indexes of outcome in the RCT studies included Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), extension and flexion range, the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Results:A total of 6 RCT studies were included, with a total of 601 cases, 301 in the intervention group and 300 in the control group. There was difference in extension range (MD = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.20 to 0.40, P < 0.001), TUGT scores (MD = -5.17, 95%CI: -9.79 to -0.55, P = 0.03), VAS scores (MD = -0.43, 95%CI: -0.85 to -0.01, P = 0.04) and KOOS scores (MD = -1.10, 95%CI: -1.63 to 0.57, P < 0.0001) between two groups. There was no significant difference in WOMAC scores (MD = -0.32, 95%CI: -2.30 to 1.65, P = 0.75), flexion range (MD = 0.68, 95%CI: -2.28 to 3.63, P = 0.65), and muscle strength (MD = 13.77, 95%CI: -3.89 to 31.43, P = 0.13) (P > 0.05) between two groups. Conclusion:Telerehabilitation is effective to improve extension range, ambulation, pain and quality of life, while it is uncertainly effective in flexion range, knee function and muscle strength.