ObjectiveMagnetoencephalography (MEG), a non-invasive neuroimaging technique, meticulously captures the magnetic fields emanating from brain electrical activity. Compared with MEG based on superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID), MEG based on optically pump magnetometer (OPM) has the advantages of higher sensitivity, better spatial resolution and lower cost. However, most of the current studies are clinical studies, and there is a lack of animal studies on MEG based on OPM technology. Pain, a multifaceted sensory and emotional phenomenon, induces intricate alterations in brain activity, exhibiting notable sex differences. Despite clinical revelations of pain-related neuronal activity through MEG, specific properties remain elusive, and comprehensive laboratory studies on pain-associated brain activity alterations are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of inflammatory pain (induced by Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)) on brain activity in a rat model using the MEG technique, to analysis changes in brain activity during pain perception, and to explore sex differences in pain-related MEG signaling. MethodsThis study utilized adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Inflammatory pain was induced via intraplantar injection of CFA (100 μl, 50% in saline) in the left hind paw, with control groups receiving saline. Pain behavior was assessed using von Frey filaments at baseline and 1 h post-injection. For MEG recording, anesthetized rats had an OPM positioned on their head within a magnetic shield, undergoing two 15-minute sessions: a 5-minute baseline followed by a 10-minute mechanical stimulation phase. Data analysis included artifact removal and time-frequency analysis of spontaneous brain activity using accumulated spectrograms, generating spectrograms focused on the 4-30 Hz frequency range. ResultsMEG recordings in anesthetized rats during resting states and hind paw mechanical stimulation were compared, before and after saline/CFA injections. Mechanical stimulation elevated alpha activity in both male and female rats pre- and post-saline/CFA injections. Saline/CFA injections augmented average power in both sexes compared to pre-injection states. Remarkably, female rats exhibited higher average spectral power 1 h after CFA injection than after saline injection during resting states. Furthermore, despite comparable pain thresholds measured by classical pain behavioral tests post-CFA treatment, female rats displayed higher average power than males in the resting state after CFA injection. ConclusionThese results imply an enhanced perception of inflammatory pain in female rats compared to their male counterparts. Our study exhibits sex differences in alpha activities following CFA injection, highlighting heightened brain alpha activity in female rats during acute inflammatory pain in the resting state. Our study provides a method for OPM-based MEG recordings to be used to study brain activity in anaesthetized animals. In addition, the findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of pain-related neural activity and pain sex differences.

Objective To study the trend in the burden of colorectal cancer attributed to high body mass index (BMI) in China from 1990 to 2021, and to predict the mortality rate from 2022 to 2035. Methods Based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease data, this paper analyzed the trends of colorectal cancer mortality and Disability-adjusted Life Years (DALY) rates and their standardized rates attributed to high BMI in China from 1990 to 2021, and calculated their average annual percent change (AAPC). Age-period-cohort (APC) models were applied to assess the age, period, and cohort effects on mortality, and the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) models were used to predict the mortality rate of colorectal cancer attributed to high BMI in China from 2022 to 2035. Results From 1990 to 2021, the standardized mortality rate (Age-standardized Mortality Rate, ASMR) and standardized DALY rate (Age-standardized Disability-adjusted Life Years Rate, ASDR) of colorectal cancer caused by high BMI in China increased significantly, and the ranking of risk factors rose from 9th to 5th and 4th respectively, with AAPC values of 2.43% (95%CI: 2.29-2.57) and 2.33% (95% CI: 2.21-2.46), which outpaced the global and each Socio-demographic Index (SDI) regions. The disease burden of male was significantly higher than that of female, and the net drifts in mortality rate of colorectal cancer associated with high BMI were 2.37 times higher than females. In addition, the mortality rate increased significantly with age, and showed a year-on-year increasing trend, and the cohort effect also showed a higher risk of death. It was predicted that the mortality rate of colorectal cancer attributed to high BMI in China will continue to rise in the future, increasing by 53.06% from 2022 to 2035. Conclusion In China, the disease burden of colorectal cancer attributed to high BMI continues to increase, especially in the male and elderly population. The colorectal burden associated with high BMI should be reduced by optimizing public health policies, including promoting healthy diet, enhancing weight management, promoting physical activity, and improving cancer screening strategies.

Aim To investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) on cognitive function in APP/PS 1 double- transgenic mice, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of ellagic acid on the level of oxidative stress in the hippocampus of double-transgenic mice based on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3 (PI3K/AKT/GSK-3 β) signaling pathway. Methods Thirty-two SPF-grade 6-month-old APP/PS 1 double transgenic mice were randomly divided into four groups, namely, APP/PS 1 group, APP/PS1 + EA group, APP/PS1 + LY294002 group, APP/PS 1 + EA + LY294002 group, with eight mice in each group, and eight SPF-grade C57BL/6J wild type mice ( Wild type) were selected as the blank control group. The APP/PS 1 + EA group was given 50 mg · kg

Objective To analyze and evaluate the implementation effect of tuberculosis prevention and control program in Wuhan, and to provide reference for scientific formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control measures. Methods Using the National Tuberculosis Information Management System, descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on the medical record information of pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered in Wuhan , 2016 - 2021. Results A total of 34 937 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in Wuhan , with an average annual incidence rate of 49.85/100 000. The incidence rate showed a downward trend year by year, with a statistically significant difference in 2016—2021 (χ²_trend = 708.387, P<0.001). The patients mainly came from referrals, accounting for 71.86%, and the proportion of referrals varied significantly among different years (χ²=355.541, P<0.001). The diagnosis type was mainly pathogenic negative, accounting for 49.12%. The proportion of pathogenic negative had statistically significant difference among different years (χ²=1 354.830, P<0.001). The proportion of patients cured and completed the course of treatment reached 93.98%, with statistically significant differences in the proportions among different years (cured, χ²=1 080.252, P<0.001; completed the treatment course, χ²= 933.655, P<0.001). The sputum examination rate of newly diagnosed patients in each year reached over 90%, and the overall completion rate reached over 95%. The proportion of positive pathogens showed an increasing trend year by year. Conclusion The overall epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Wuhan is declining year by year, and tuberculosis prevention and control work has achieved remarkable results. Active screening in key areas and populations should be strengthened, and prevention and control strategies should be formulated by emphasizing the key and difficult points.

Objective:To investigate the serum levels of miR-19b and miR-744-5p in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to analyze the clinical value of miR-19b and miR-744-5p in the diagnosis of NSCLC.Methods:A total of 226 NSCLC patients (NSCLC group) and 100 healthy people (control group) admitted to Jilin Cancer Hospital from August 2019 to August 2022 were selected as research objects. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure and compare the serum levels of miR-19b and miR-744-5p between the NSCLC group and the control group, and the relationships between the two indicators and different clinical and pathological characteristics of NSCLC patients were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the clinical value of miR-19b, miR-744-5p and their joint detection in the diagnosis of NSCLC.Results:Compared with the control group, the serum miR-19b level (3.86±1.25 vs. 1.06±0.41) in the NSCLC group significantly increased ( t=21.87, P<0.001), while the miR-744-5p level (1.80±0.48 vs. 5.75±1.69) significantly decreased ( t=32.36, P<0.001). The serum miR-19b levels in NSCLC patients with pathological types of adenocarcinoma, maximum tumor diameter ≥3 cm, medium to low differentiation, stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, and with lymph node metastasis were higher than those in squamous cell carcinoma ( t=5.94, P<0.001), maximum tumor diameter <3 cm ( t=2.65, P=0.009), well differentiation ( t=4.33, P<0.001), stageⅠ-Ⅱ ( t=12.32, P<0.001), patients without lymph node metastasis ( t=8.13, P<0.001), while miR-744-5p levels were lower than those in squamous cell carcinoma ( t=8.27, P<0.001), tumor maximum diameter <3 cm ( t=5.34, P<0.001), well differentiation ( t=6.95, P<0.001), stageⅠ-Ⅱ ( t=11.40, P<0.001), patients without lymph node metastasis ( t=10.36, P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of serum miR-19b combined with miR-744-5p in the diagnosis of NSCLC was 0.914 (95% CI: 0.841-0.959), with sensitivity and specificity of 90.9% and 84.0%, respectively. AUC was significantly than that of the single indicator detection of miR-19b (AUC=0.824, 95% CI: 0.770-0.869) and miR-744-5p (AUC=0.783, 95% CI: 0.709-0.838) ( Z=2.28, P=0.021; Z=2.36, P=0.017) . Conclusion:Serum miR-19b level of NSCLC patients is increased, miR-744-5p levels is decreased, and joint detection of serum miR-19b and miR-744-5p has high clinical value in the diagnosis of NSCLC.

The apprenticeship education of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is an important pathway for the cultivation of talents in TCM education.The combination of institutional education and apprenticeship education is considered to be the most suitable educational model that aligns with the inherent characteristics of TCM education.The current status of TCM education in western medical institutions and the main challenges include the difficulty in transitioning between western and Chinese medical reasoning and limited clinical internship hours for TCM.The strengths and features of TCM apprenticeship education lie in cultural heritage,classical teachings,mentorship,practice orientation and personalized education.Therefore,integration of TCM apprenticeship education and clinical internships for western medical students represents a new educational model for medical undergraduates.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)combined with indwelling catheter-directed thrombolysis for the treatment of portal vein thrombosis(PVT).Methods The clinical efficacy of 307 patients with portal hypertension complicated by PVT,who received successful TIPS combined with indwelling catheter-directed thrombolysis at the Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University of China between January 2016 and December 2019,were retrospectively analyzed.Before and after TIPS,the inferior vena cava pressure(IVCP)and portal vein pressure(PVP)were measured,and the pre-TIPS,post-TIPS(before thrombolysis),and post-thrombolysis portal pressure gradient(PPG,PPG=PVP-IVCP)was separately calculated.Reexamination of portal venography DSA was performed to determine the degree of PVT disappearance and whether the shunt was unobstructed.All patients were followed up for one year.Results The pre-TIPS,post-TIPS(before thrombolysis),and post-thrombolysis mean PPG was(24.50±6.91)mmHg,(18.51±5.11)mmHg,and(10.17±3.97)mmHg,respectively.The post-thrombolysis mean PPG was strikingly lower than the pre-thrombolysis values,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.001).Among the 307 patients,complete disappearance of PVT was observed in 221(72.3%),remarkable reduction of PVT in 86(27.7%),and no invalid result was seen.The patients having complete patency of the shunt flow accounted for 85.7%of the 307 patients(261/307),and the patients having partial patency of the shunt flow accounted for 14.3%of the 307 patients(46/307).Forty-two patients developed complications,and no death occurred.All patients were followed up for one year,and the main clinical symptoms were improved or completely disappeared.Among the 307 patients,an increase in thrombus volume was found in 17(5.5%)when compared to their postoperative values,which returned to the first-time postoperative level after local treatment of the thrombus via the TIPS shunt combined with catheter-directed thrombolysis.Within one year after TIPS and thrombolysis,overt hepatic encephalopathy(OHE)occurred in 54 patients(17.6%,54/307).One patient died of hepatic failure 9 months after TIPS,another patient died of cerebral hemorrhage 11 months after TIPS,and all the remaining patients were alive.Conclusion For patients with portal hypertension complicated by PVT,TIPS combined with indwelling catheter-directed thrombolysis is clinically safe and effective.The standardized,systematic management of the whole therapeutic process should be strengthened.(J Intervent Radiol,2024,32:22-27)

Objective:To construct core medical skill index system for helicopter medical rescue personnel by Delphi expert consensus method.Methods:This study combined literature review and two rounds of Delphi expert correspondence to construct the core skill index system. Total of 22 experts from relevant disciplines were selected purposively to conduct Delphi expert consultation.Results:The effective questionnaire recovery rates of the two rounds of Delphi expert correspondence was 100%; the authority coefficient of experts was 0.87; the Kendall coordination coefficients of the importance of the first and second level indexes were 0.380 and 0.338 in the first round of correspondence, and then 0.415 and 0.357 in the second round. the Kendall coordination coefficients of the feasibility of the second level indexes were 0.347 in the first round of correspondence and 0.354 in the second round. The final core skill index system for helicopter medical rescue personnel includes 4 primary indicators: core medical skill for diseases or trauma in respiratory system, circulatory system, sports system and other system, and 32 secondary indicators.Conclusions:The core medical skill index system for helicopter medical rescue personnel constructed through two rounds of Delphi expert correspondence is scientific and reasonable, which can provide a scientific basis to accurately understand, describe, analyze, and evaluate the competence level of helicopter medical rescue personnel, as well as serve as a content framework for training programs.

Objective·To evaluate the changes in cognitive function in overweight and obese adolescents,and explore the association between cognitive function and fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21).Methods·A total of 175 adolescents from a senior high school in Shanghai were divided into normal weight group(n=50),overweight group(n=50)and obese group(n=75)based on their body mass index(BMI).General information,anthropometric data and laboratory testing indicators of the adolescents were collected and compared.The cognitive function of the three groups of adolescents was assessed by using the accuracy(ACC)and reaction time of Flanker task and n-back task.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the serum FGF21 level of the three groups of adolescents.Partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model were used to evaluate the correlation between cognitive task performance and anthropometric data and laboratory testing indicators.Results·Compared with the normal weight group,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and the levels of fasting plasma glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and triacylglycerol in the obese group were higher(all P<0.05).Under congruent or incongruent stimulus conditions in the Flanker task,there was no significant difference in ACC between any two groups;compared with the normal weight and overweight groups,the reaction time of the adolescents in the obese group was prolonged(all P<0.05).In the n-back task,there were no significant differences in ACC between any two groups,while the obese group had longer reaction time in the 1-back and 2-back tasks compared to the normal weight and overweight groups(all P<0.05).Compared with the normal weight group,serum FGF21 levels of the adolescents in the obese group were higher(P=0.000).Partial correlation analysis showed that the reaction time of the adolescents in Flanker and n-back tasks was correlated with their BMI,body fat mass,waist circumference,waist-to-hip ratio and FGF21 level(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis further confirmed that BMI was associated with prolonged reaction time in cognitive-related behavioral tasks in the adolescents(all P<0.05),and FGF21 level was associated with ACC in the 2-back task(P=0.000)and reaction time in the incongruent stimulus condition(P=0.048).Conclusion·Overweight and obese adolescents have cognitive impairments,and BMI and serum FGF21 levels are associated with changes in their cognitive function.

Objective:To construct the risk prediction nomogram model of acute kidney injury (AKI) with R language and traditional statistical methods based on the large sample clinical database, and verify the accuracy of the model.Methods:It was a a retrospective case control study. The patients who met the diagnostic criteria of AKI in Tongji Hospital of Tongji University from January 1 to December 31, 2021 were screened in the clinical database, and the patients with monitored serum creatinine within 48 hours but without AKI were included as the control group. The demographic data, disease history, surgical history, medication history and laboratory test data were collected to screen the risk factors of AKI in clinic.Firstly, based on multivariate logistic regression analysis and forward stepwise logistic regression analysis, the selected risk factors were included to construct the nomogram model. At the same time, cross validation, bootstrap validation and randomly split sample validation were used for internal verification, and clinical data of patients in the sane hospital after one year (January to December, 2022) were collected for external verification. The receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to determine the discrimination of the model, and calibration curve and decision curve analysis were carried out to evaluate the accuracy and clinical net benefit, respectively.Results:A total of 5 671 patients were enrolled in the study, with 1 884 AKI patients (33.2%) and 3 787 non-AKI patients (66.7%). Compared with non-AKI group, age, and proportions of surgical history, renal replacement therapy, hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular accident,chronic kidney disease, drug use histories and mortality in AKI group were all higher (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors of AKI were surgical history, hypertension, cerebrovascular accident, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, diuretics, nitroglycerin, antidiuretic hormones, body temperature, serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, red blood cells, white blood cells, D-dimer, myoglobin, hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, brain natriuretic peptide, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, triacylglycerol, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, activated partial thromboplastin time, blood uric acid and potassium ion (all P<0.05). Finally, the predictive factors in the nomogram were determined by forward stepwise logistic regression analysis, including chronic kidney disease, hypertension, myoglobin, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, and the area under the curve of the prediction nomogram model was 0.926 [95% CI 0.918-0.933, P<0.001]. The calibration curve showed that the calibration effect of nomogram was good ( P>0.05). The decision curve showed that when the risk threshold of nomogram model was more than 0.04, the model construction was useful in clinic. In addition, the area under the curve of receiver-operating characteristic curve predicted by nomograph model in external validation set was 0.876 (95% CI 0.865-0.886), which indicated that nomograph model had a high discrimination degree. Conclusion:A nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of AKI is established successfully, which is helpful for clinicians to find high-risk AKI patients early, intervene in time and improve the prognosis.