The Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging-Practical Tutorial (ASCI-PT) is an instructional initiative of the ASCI School designed to enhance educational standards. In 2021, the ASCI-PT was convened with the goal of formulating a consensus statement on the assessment of coronary stenosis and coronary plaque using coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Nineteen experts from four countries conducted thorough reviews of current guidelines and deliberated on eight key issues to refine the process and improve the clarity of reporting CCTA findings. The experts engaged in both online and on-site sessions to establish a unified agreement. This document presents a summary of the ASCI-PT 2021 deliberations and offers a comprehensive consensus statement on the evaluation of coronary stenosis and coronary plaque in CCTA.

The Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging-Practical Tutorial (ASCI-PT) is an instructional initiative of the ASCI School designed to enhance educational standards. In 2021, the ASCI-PT was convened with the goal of formulating a consensus statement on the assessment of coronary stenosis and coronary plaque using coronary CT angiography (CCTA). Nineteen experts from four countries conducted thorough reviews of current guidelines and deliberated on eight key issues to refine the process and improve the clarity of reporting CCTA findings. The experts engaged in both online and on-site sessions to establish a unified agreement. This document presents a summary of the ASCI-PT 2021 deliberations and offers a comprehensive consensus statement on the evaluation of coronary stenosis and coronary plaque in CCTA.

Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SCPFT) is a recently described disease entity characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism, low mitotic count, and diffuse CD34 positivity. It is a rare, distinctive, low-grade fibroblastic neoplasm. To date, only 44 cases have been reported in the English-language literature. Herein, we report two cases of SCPFT involving a 48-year-old male and a 22-year-old male with superficial tumors on the right and left thighs, respectively. Excision was performed in both cases. Histologically, both tumors showed spindle-to-epithelioid cells arranged in fascicular or sheet-like patterns. Most cells displayed granular or eosinophilic glassy cytoplasm, marked nuclear pleomorphism, and a low mitotic rate. On immunohistochemical staining, tumor cells were diffusely positive for CD34 and negative for S100 protein, smooth muscle actin, and desmin. After wide excision, neither patient experienced recurrence or metastasis after 16 months and 11 months of clinical follow-up, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first two cases of SCPFT reported in Korea. We believe these case reports would contribute to the clinicopathological understanding of SCPFT and assist clinicians in differentiating this tumor from other superficial soft tissue neoplasms.

Spindle cell lipoma is a rare benign neoplasm that features a mixture of evenly aligned spindle cells, mature adipocytes, and ropey collagen. Most cases of spindle cell lipoma are found in the subcutaneous tissue, and intradermal spindle cell lipoma is rarely reported. We present a case of intradermal spindle cell lipoma in a 46-year-old female who presented with a 0.7-cm flesh-colored and dome-shaped nodule on the right temple that had developed 6 years ago. This mass was excised, and upon histopathologic examination, an unencapsulated lesion was located in the dermis, which consisted of bland spindle cells, scanty mature adipocytes, rare lipoblasts, and ropey collagen bundles with prominent basophilic myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemical staining showed diffuse positivity for CD34, negativity for the S-100 protein, and loss of retinoblastoma protein expression. Based on these features, intradermal low-fat spindle cell lipoma was diagnosed. No evidence of local recurrence was observed 4 months after excision. Intradermal low-fat spindle cell lipomas are extremely rare and can easily be mistaken for tumors that have similar clinical and histopathological findings. Herein, we report a globally rare case of an intradermal low-fat spindle cell lipoma.

Objectives: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had various effects on mankind, especially children and adolescents.Because children and adolescents spend a lot of time at school, COVID-19 has had a great impact on school mental health. In this study, we investigated the effect of prolonged COVID-19 on school mental health. Methods: We prepared self-report questionnaires for depression (Children’s Depression Inventory, CDI), anxiety (Korean version of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children; Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, GAD-7), and post-traumatic stress (Primary Care Post-traumatic Stress Disorder, PC-PTSD) for administering to students aged between 7 and 18 years, recruited by a COVID-19 psychological prevention support group in the Gwangmyeong Mental Health Welfare Center for 2 years, in 2020 and 2021. Results: For children aged 7–12 years, there was no significant difference between the years 2020 and 2021 in the assessment of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. Conversely, for adolescents aged 13–18 years, there was a significant increase in the scale scores (CDI, PC-PTSD, and GAD-7). Conclusion Prolonged COVID-19 might have had a significant impact on the mental health of adolescents who spent a lot of time at school. When comparing the years 2020 and 2021, middle and high school students were more affected by COVID-19 than elementary school students.

Objective: Clinical rating scales are essential in psychiatry. The Young Mania Rating Scale is the gold standard for assessing mania. However, increased attention to pediatric bipolar disorder has led to the development of the Child Mania Rating Scale (CMRS), which is a parent-reported rating scale designed to assess mania in children and adolescents. This study aimed to translate the CMRS into Korean and assess the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the CMRS (K-CMRS). Methods: The original English version of the CMRS has been translated into Korean. We enrolled 33 patients with bipolar disorder and 26 patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). All participants were evaluated using the translated K-CMRS, Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), and ADHD Rating Scale. Results: The Cronbach’s α was 0.907. Correlation analyses between K-CMRS and MDQ scores yielded significant positive correlations (r=0.529, p=0.009). However, the factor analysis was unsuccessful. The total K-CMRS scores of bipolar disorder and ADHD patients were compared. However, the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion The K-CMRS showed good internal consistency and reliability. The correlation between the K-CMRS and MDQ scores verifies its validity. The K-CMRS was designed to assess and score manic symptoms in children and adolescents but had difficulties in differentiating between bipolar disorder and ADHD. It is a valuable tool for evaluating the presence and severity of manic symptoms in pediatric patients with bipolar disorder.

Methotrexate (MTX)-induced accelerated nodulosis (MIAN) reportedly occurs in patients with rheumatic arthritis receiving MTX therapy. However, it has also been reported in patients with other autoinflammatory conditions, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).A 38-year-old woman diagnosed with SLE presented with multiple movable, firm, fleshcolored nodules on both hands that had developed 3 years ago. She was taking oral medications, specifically hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, and MTX. Histopathological examination revealed palisaded granulomatous inflammation, surrounded by histiocytes and lymphocytes, along the dermis to the subcutaneous fat layer. Fibrinoid degeneration was observed at the center of the granulomatous inflammation, and dermal mucin deposition was not observed. The patient was diagnosed with MIAN, and therefore discontinuation of MTX was recommended. Subsequently, the lesions almost completely disappeared with no signs of recurrence. MIAN exhibits clinicopathological features similar to those of rheumatoid nodules; therefore, it can be easily misdiagnosed. Herein, we report a case of MIAN in a patient with SLE to contribute to the accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing the consensus statement from the Asian Society of Cardiovascular Imaging-Practical Tutorial 2020 (ASCI-PT 2020) on the reliability of cardiac MR with late gadolinium enhancement (CMR-LGE) myocardial viability scoring between observers in the context of ischemic cardiomyopathy. Materials and Methods: A total of 17 cardiovascular imaging experts from five different countries evaluated CMR obtained in 26 patients (male:female, 23:3; median age [interquartile range], 55.5 years [50–61.8]) with ischemic cardiomyopathy. For LGE scoring, based on the 17 segments, the extent of LGE in each segment was graded using a five-point scoring system ranging from 0 to 4 before and after exposure according to the consensus statement. All scoring was performed via webbased review. Scores for slices, vascular territories, and total scores were obtained as the sum of the relevant segmental scores. Interobserver reliability for segment scores was assessed using Fleiss’ kappa, while the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used for slice score, vascular territory score, and total score. Inter-observer agreement was assessed using the limits of agreement from the mean (LoA). Results: Interobserver reliability (Fleiss’ kappa) in each segment ranged 0.242–0.662 before the consensus and increased to 0.301–0.774 after the consensus. The interobserver reliability (ICC) for each slice, each vascular territory, and total score increased after the consensus (slice, 0.728–0.805 and 0.849–0.884; vascular territory, 0.756–0.902 and 0.852–0.941; total score, 0.847 and 0.913, before and after implementing the consensus statement, respectively. Interobserver agreement in scoring also improved with the implementation of the consensus for all slices, vascular territories, and total score. The LoA for the total score narrowed from ± 10.36 points to ± 7.12 points. Conclusion The interobserver reliability and agreement for CMR-LGE scoring for ischemic cardiomyopathy improved when following guidance from the ASCI-PT 2020 consensus statement.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is used in various fields of medicine, with applications encompassing all areas of medical services, such as the development of medical robots, the diagnosis and personalized treatment of diseases, and personalized healthcare. Medical AI research and development have been largely focused on diagnosis, prediction, treatment, and management as an auxiliary means of patient care. AI is mainly used in the fields of personal healthcare and diagnostic imaging. In urology, substantial investments are being made in the development of urination monitoring systems in the personal healthcare field and diagnostic solutions for ureteral stricture and urolithiasis in the diagnostic imaging field. This paper describes AI applications for urinary diseases and discusses current trends and future perspectives in AI research.

Piloleiomyoma originates from the arrector pili muscles. Multiple piloleiomyoma lesions may occur, especially on the trunk and extremities. However, multiple lesions throughout the body are rare. We present a case of generalized cutaneous piloleiomyomatosis in a 72-year-old man who had numerous lesions throughout his body. Clinically, the patient presented with fixed and non-tender reddish to brownish papules and nodules mainly on the back and extensors of extremities. Punch biopsy was performed, and the specimen was stained with hematoxylin and eosin, revealing interweaving fascicles of cigar-like spindle cells on the upper dermis. On immunohistochemical staining, tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin. Based on these features, we diagnosed the patient with generalized cutaneous piloleiomyomatosis.