Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has become the most common chronic liver disease in the world， and it is also one of the main causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma， so it is particularly important to curb the development and progression of NAFLD in a timely manner. However， due to its complex pathogeneses， there are currently no effective methods for radical treatment. As a new generation of probiotics， Akkermansia muciniphila （Akk bacteria） can improve metabolic disorders of the body， and more and more studies have shown that Akk bacteria have a potential therapeutic effect on metabolic diseases， especially NAFLD. Therefore， this article briefly reviews the mechanism of action of Akk bacteria in NAFLD， in order to provide new ideas for improving the treatment of NAFLD and creating new therapies.

Objective:To investigate and verify a novel acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) prevention protocol in the context of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) .Methods:Patients who underwent haplo-HSCT in our center between January 2022 and December 2022 were included. All patients received reduced doses of cyclophosphamide, Rabbit anti-human tymoglobulin, ruxolitinib, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and MMF to prevent aGVHD. The transplantation outcomes, complications, and survival rate of all patients were investigated.Results:A total of 52 patients with haplo-HSCT were enrolled, 29 (55.8%) male and 23 (44.2%) female, with a median age of 28 (5-59) years. There were 25 cases of acute myeloid leukemia, 17 cases of acute lymphocyte leukemia, 6 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome, 2 cases of chronic myeloid leukemia and 2 cases of myeloproliferative neoplasms. 98.1% of patients had successful engraftment. The incidence of Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD was 19.2% (95% CI 8.2% -30.3% ) and 7.7% (95% CI 0.2% -15.2% ), respectively. No patients experienced severe gastrointestinal mucositis. The Epstein-Barr virus and CMV reactivation rates were 40.4% and 21.3%, respectively. 9.6% of patients relapsed during followup, with 1-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and non-relapse mortality rates of 86.5% (95% CI 76.9% -96.1% ), 78.8% (95% CI 67.4% -90.3% ) and 11.5% (95% CI 2.6% –20.5% ), respectively. Conclusion:Ruxolitinib combined with a low dose of PTCY is a safe and effective first-line aGVHD prevention strategy.

Liver transplantation, as one of the radical treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma, has a good clinical effect in patients meeting the Milan criteria; however, the high recurrence rate and metastasis rate after surgery bring great challenges to the long-term survival of such patients. Therefore, how to improve long-term survival rate and reduce postoperative tumor metastasis has become a key problem that needs to be solved urgently. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), with their good safety and objective reactivity, have provided a new opportunity for the treatment of patients with advanced liver cancer and have become potential candidates for improving the therapeutic effect of liver transplantation. At present, early clinical studies have reported the unique advantages of ICIs used alone or in combination in downstaging or bridging therapy before liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma and adjuvant therapy after liver transplantation. Therefore, this article reviews the clinical trials of ICIs in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma and the advances in the application of ICIs in recent years and discuss its safety and efficacy, in order to provide a certain reference for clinical medication.

Cathartic colon （CC） is a common and refractory digestive system disease， with the pathogenesis not fully clarified. The effective therapies other than laxatives and surgery remain to be developed for CC. Therefore， establishing the CC animal models that fit the disease characteristics of western medicine and syndrome characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is an important link to promote the research on this disease. The fitting degree of animal models with the latest Chinese and western medical diagnostic criteria is an indicator to assess the effectiveness of the animal models in simulating the disease characteristics of western medicine and syndrome characteristics of TCM. The literature review showed that the model animals， drugs and their dosage forms， doses， administration methods， and modeling period of CC varied in different studies， and the available CC animal models presented different fitting degrees with the disease characteristics of western medicine and syndrome characteristics of TCM. Rats were the preferred animals for the modeling of CC. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma preparations were commonly used for model inducing， which， however， may cause water electrolyte disorders， decreased immunity， and even death of animals at the late stage of modeling. The animals were modeled by gradually increasing the starting dose， while the starting dose and increasing dose varied. The maintenance dose was determined based on 50% of the animals having loose stools， and the end for a cycle was determined as the time when loose stools disappeared in 80% of animals. The modeling always lasted for 2-3 cycles， approximately 2-4 months. The CC models established with Rhei Radix et Rhizoma granules and rhein had high fitting degrees with the disease and syndrome characteristics. In addition， the CC animal models of TCM syndromes were still in the exploration stage. There were only the animal models of four TCM syndromes： liver depression and spleen deficiency， both Qi and Yin deficiency， Qi stagnation and blood stasis， and spleen and kidney deficiency. Efforts should be made to establish the animal models that meet the characteristics of disease of western medicine and syndromes of TCM， so as to facilitate the research on CC mechanism and drug development.

Objective To investigate the current situation of quality control in medical linear accelerators in Hebei Province, China. Methods The main performance indices of some medical linear accelerators in Hebei Province, 2019—2021 were tested according to the current relevant effective standards GB 15213—2016 Medical Electron Accelerators-Functional Performance Characteristics and Test Methods and WS 674—2020 Specification for Testing of Quality Control in Medical Linear Accelerator. Results A total of 175 medical linear accelerators were tested from 2019 to 2021, and the annual pass rates were 72.4% in 2019, 75.9% in 2020, and 79.4% in 2021. The overall pass rate of initial inspection was 76.0%, and the pass rate of reinspection was 100.0%. The index with the lowest pass rate in the initial inspection was square X radiation field uniformity, followed by dose deviation and square X radiation field symmetry. Conclusion Medical institutions should strengthen quality control management, conduct regular testing of medical linear accelerators, and timely correct dose deviation, so as to ensure the treatment effect of patients.

Objective To investigate the application of radiological diagnosis and treatment equipment and distribution of medical radiation levels in medical institutions at various levels in Shijiazhuang, China in 2019, and to lay a sound foundation for further radiation protection and management. Methods A universally designed questionnaire was used to investigate and compile data on the level of the sampled hospitals, the number of radiation workers, equipment information, the number of outpatients and emergency patients, the number of inpatients, and the frequency of radiological diagnosis and treatment; the application frequency of each radiological diagnosis and treatment item was calculated based on the demographic data of Shijiazhuang. Results In Shijiazhuang, there were 390 medical institutions (excluding dental clinics) certified for radiological diagnosis and treatment, with a total of 4262 radiation workers and 1215 radiological diagnosis and treatment devices; 1.11 radiological diagnosis and treatment devices were available per 10 000 people, and 3.89 radiation workers were available per 10 000 people. The number of annual outpatients and emergency patients was 30 208 471, the number of inpatients was 1 981 295, and the total number of people or times receiving radiological diagnosis and treatment was 5 987 230. The application frequency of medical radiation was 546.70 persons/times per 1000 people, with the highest frequency for X-ray diagnosis (534.63 persons/times per 1000 people), followed by diagnosis and treatment with nuclear medicine (6.16 persons/times per 1000 people), and the lowest frequency for radiotherapy (1.17 persons/times per 1000 people). In terms of regional distribution, the highest frequency of medical radiation fell in Yuhua District (1602.97 persons/times per 1000 people), and the lowest frequency fell in Shenze County (203.21 persons/times per 1000 people). Conclusion The development of medical radiation is imbalanced in Shijiazhuang, with high-quality medical resources concentrated mainly in the main urban area, thus resulting in long-term overworking of hospital staff and equipment in some areas. The government and health administration departments should strengthen macro-control and the rational allocation of medical resources; medical institutions at various levels should rationally use radiological diagnosis and treatment equipment, strengthen judgments on the justness of radiation, and strengthen the training of radiation workers on protection knowledge and radiation protection optimization.

Objective:To explore the propaganda methods and propagation path of advertising media cosmetology publicity in accordance with public demand and ethical principles,through understanding college students' acceptance level for advertising media cosmetology publicity and its influence on their choice forcosmetic ways.Methods:With the method of stratified cluster sampling,an anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 210 college students in a university in Shaanxi province.Results:The Internet has become the main way for college students to acquire cosmetology knowledge.A total of 44.7 ％ of the students thought most of the media cosmetology publicity was unbelievable,46.5％ of the students thought that advertising media publicity mainly considered the interests of the beauty institution,72.9％ of the students would not consider the beauty institution the media recommended,62.4％ of the students would choose regular public hospitals,56.3％ of the students would give up the idea of cosmetology due to the news of cosmetic failure,42.2％ of the students could accept minimally invasive plastic surgery,and 68.5 ％ of the students expected to acquire the cosmetology knowledge through expert consultation.Concltusion:At current,the credibility of media cosmetology publicity is not optimistic enough.It should further strengthen the supervision for media cosmetology publicity.Cosmetology advertising media should construct the publicity mode based on ethics,law,governance,occupation,public welfare and social responsibility.

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy and sensitivity of Wy10 fast teeth whitening technique to all kinds of discolored teeth in stomatology clinic .Methods :Twenty cases of outpatients were randomly selected ,whose discolored teath were divided according to their pathogenesis .There were 180 age-related discolorationteeth ,120 extrinsic staining teeth ,60 tetracycline stained teeth and 40 teeth of dental fluorosis which were treated by Wy10 fast teeth whitening technology .The changes of teeth color were examined by Vita shade guide while probing and cold air were used to detect the degree of dental sensitivity ,immeddiately after the operation and a month later .Results:The effective ratios was 100% immediataly after the operation and up to 97 .2% and 97 .5% respectively after a month on the age-related discolored teeth and extrinsic staining teeth .The effective ratios were 96 .6% and 97 .5% respectively immediately after the operation and up to 93 .3% and 95%respectively on tetracycline stained teeth and dental fluorosis teeth after a month .No significant teeth discomfort except individ-ual mild discomfort which return to nomality in a month were detected .Conclusions :The Wy10 fast teeth whitening technigue is a safe and effective treatment for discolored teeth ,and its therapeutic effect on the age-related discolored teeth and extrinsic stained teeth is better than that on the tetracycline stained teeth and dental fluorosis teeth .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype with glycolipids iron metabolism in Gansu Han population.

METHODSThe genotypes of HCV 1b type and 2a type were detected in Gansu Han HCV carriers. The Glu, Insulin, CHOL, TG, UIBC, TRF, TIBC, SF, Serum Iron, AST, ALT, TBil, IBil, DBil, ALP, GGT were measured and compared between patients with different HCV genotypes.

RESULTSThere were 84 cases with HCV1b type and 136 cases with 2a type. There were significant differences in TG, ALT, TRF, TIBC between 1b type and 2a type genotype HCV carriers.

CONCLUSIONThe 2a type HCV carriers may be more inclined to develop hyperlipidemia and liver damage, and 1b type HCV carriers are likely to have iron metabolism defect.

Adult ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; blood ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Iron ; blood ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objectives To investigate medical students' satisfaction degree clinical practice,to find out the shortages of the clinical practice teaching,and to further put forward the measures of clinical practice.Methods By using a selfdesigned questionnaire,115 student interns were surveyed with anonymous questions,to collect data about the satisfaction degree of the hospital teaching conditions,conditions of teachers,practice quality of clinical departments,management department intern management work,the practical effect and views of clinical practice and other information.99 effective copies were retrieved using Excel analyze data.Results Interns' overall satisfaction with clinical practice is not high,and the satisfaction degree to the management department' work is the lowest,the satisfaction degree to the conditions of teachers of hospital is the highest.Conclusion Medical students'clin-ical practice satisfaction needs improving.To this end,we should improve the system and teaching conditions and strengthen management to meet the needs of students and improve their practice quality.