OBJECTIVES: To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively. RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia. CONCLUSIONS The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.
Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Nomograms ; Retrospective Studies ; Cesarean Section ; Risk Factors ; Asphyxia Neonatorum/etiology*

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) would result in structural injury and/or physiological disruption of brain. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can result in vestibular dysfunctions, such as dizziness, vertigo and imbalance. Vestibular rehabilitation is effective on vestibular dysfunction after mTBI. This paper reviewed the possible mechanisms of vestibular dysfunction caused by mTBI, the common assessments of vestibular function and the new progress in vestibular rehabilitation.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of excessive inflammation in the lung of C3H/HeN(C3H) mice following Chlamydia muridarum(Cm) airway infection.Methods:Chlamydial pneumonitis was induced in C3H and C57BL/6(C57) mice by intranasal inoculation with 1×103IFU (inclusion forming unites) of Cm strains.The expression of TLR2,TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA in the lung at different time point post-infection was measured by RT-PCR.Results:Cm infection induced Toll-like receptors expression in two strains of mice.The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA,especially TLR2 mRNA(P<0.001 or P<0.05),were significantly higher in highly susceptible C3H mice on day 7 and day 14 d post-infection compared with C57 mice.Further studies showed that the expression of MyD88 mRNA was also significantly higher in C3H mice on day 7 post-infection,and maintained high expression untill the day 14.Conclusion:Cm lung infection induced high level of TLR2,TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA expression in C3H mice,which may associate with excessive inflammation in C3H mice.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of Nano-Carbon particles and 3D laparoscopy in central compartment lymph node dissection and parathyroid glands protection in treatment of cN0 thyroid cancer. Methods We conduct a retrospective analysis of sixty-five patients with cN0 thyroid cancer who were received 3D laparoscopic thyroidectomy in the last 3 years. All patients were received total resection of thyroid plus the affected side and (or) contralateral side central compartment lymph node dissection. All patients were allocated to control group (n = 32) and carbon nano-particles trace group (tracer group, n = 33). The lymph node-related indexes (including number of dissected lymph node at Ⅵ area, number of Metastatic lymph node and Frozen lymph node-positive rate at Ⅵ area), serum calcium (24 h after surgery) and PTH (48 h after surgery) were collected and compared between the 2 groups. Results Number of dissected lymph node at Ⅵ area, positive rates of intraoperative frozen-section examination of parathyroid glands and PTH (48 h after surgery) were found statistical higher in nanoparticles group than control (P < 0.05). No statistical difference were found in Number of Metastatic lymph node and serum calcium (24 h after surgery) (P < 0.05). Conclusion The clinical significance of carbon nanoparticles and 3D laparoscopy is effective and feasible for central compartment lymph node dissection and parathyroid glands protection in treatment of cN0 thyroid cancer.

OBJECTIVETo study the fingerprint of Zedoary Turmeric Oil (ZTO) as the bulk drug of Kingkong Elemene for making it safe, effective, stable, and controllable.

METHODSFingerprints were detected by gas chromatography. β-elemene peak was regarded as reference peak (S). The relative peak area of each common peak and the relative retention time were calculated. With a total of modes for reference, the fingerprints of 10 batches of Kingkong ZTO were detected, and their similarity was calculated by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) fingerprint similarity calculation software.

RESULTSThe determination method was stable and reliable. Totally 19 common characteristic peaks of Kingkong ZTO was found. The fingerprint similarity of these batches of Kingkong ZTO were not lower than 0.96.

CONCLUSIONSGas chromatography for detecting the fingerprint of Kingkong ZTO was reliable and repeatable. The established fingerprint of Kingkong ZTO could guarantee the quality stability and safety of different product batches.

Chromatography, Gas ; Curcuma ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry

PURPOSE: This study aims to analyze the clinical-pathological characteristics of multifocal and multicentric breast cancer (MMBC) in Chinese women. METHODS: Sixty-seven cases with MMBC were randomly collected and reviewed at seven hospitals in representative districts of China during 1999 to 2008. RESULTS: The incidence of MMBC in breast cancer in China was 1.75%. Compared to those with unifocal breast cancer, women with MMBC were more likely to have larger tumor size, lymph node metastasis (59.70% vs. 45.62%) and stage III to IV (46.26% vs. 21.10%). The peak age at onset of MMBC was 40 to 49 years old and has been gradually increasing during 1999 to 2008. Most of the MMBC women were treated with surgery and adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION: In China, the incidence of MMBC in breast cancer is significantly lower than that in Western countries. Compared to unifocal breast cancer, MMBC is biologically more aggressive. Most MMBC women underwent mastectomy, instead of breast conservation surgery.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; China ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Mastectomy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pathology, Clinical ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of stromal cells on the Kallikrein 7 (KLK7) expression of epithelial cells in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

METHODSWe constructed a stromal-epithelial co-culture model after separating the two types of cells from BPH tissues and identifying them by cell morphology and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). The expression of KLK7 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in the epithelial cells with or without the stromal cells, and that of the KLK7 protein (hK7) determined by Western blot.

RESULTSStromal and epithelial cells were successfully separated and identified, and a stromal-epithelial co-culture model successfully established. RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of the KLK7 gene was higher in the epithelial cells co-cultured with stromal cells than in the epithelial cells alone, and the gray value of KLK7 to GAPDH was 1.41 +/- 0.041 in the former and 1.78 +/- 0.10 in the latter (P < 0.01). The results of Western blot were consistent with those of RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONStromal cells can suppress the expression of the KLK7 gene in the epithelial cells in BPH. KLK7 may be involved in the change of epithelial cells stimulated by stromal cells.

Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Kallikreins ; metabolism ; Male ; Prostate ; metabolism ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Stromal Cells ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo summary the experience of the surgical comprehensive treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

METHODSFrom July 1999 to December 2009, a total of 506 patients suffered SAP were admitted with a mean APACHE II score 12.8 ± 4.6. There were 270 male and 236 female, aged from 16 to 89 years, mean age 43 years. SAP patients were treated by the SAP treatment team which consisted of pancreatic specialized and multidisciplinary doctors. Two hundreds and thirty-four cases (46.2%) received non-operative treatment and 272 cases (53.8%) received surgical intervention.

RESULTSIn 506 cases, 445 patients were cured and 52 patients died (31 died in early stage, 21 died in later stage), 9 cases discharged automatically. The overall incidence of complication, overall mortality and overall curative rate were 29.4% (149/506), 10.3% (52/506) and 87.9% (445/506), respectively. The incidences of complication in non-operative group and in surgical intervention group were 27.8% (65/234) and 30.9% (84/272), respectively (P > 0.05). The mortality in non-operative group and in surgical intervention group were 9.4% (22/234) and 11.0% (30/272), respectively (P > 0.05). The curative rates in non-operative group and in surgical intervention group were 90.6% (212/234) and 85.7% (233/272), respectively (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPatients should be treated in ICU in the early phase of the disease when APACHE II score > 10. Pancreatic specialized and multidisciplinary team treatment, appropriate choice of timing, indication and procedure of surgical intervention and details of drainage are vital to the prognosis of SAP.

APACHE ; Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis ; mortality ; surgery ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVESTo access the prevalence of HIV infection and the associated factors among urban MSM in China.

METHODSParticipants were recruited using respondent driven sampling and snowball sampling method in Beijing, Harbin, Zhengzhou and Chengdu city. A face-to-face questionnaire was administrated to collect relevant demographic and ethological data; 5 ml venous blood sample was taken from each subject to measure HIV antibody in serum (samples were first screened by colloidal gold, latex chromatographic and double-antigen sandwich ELISA method, positive samples were further confirmed by immunoblotting method). The characteristics of HIV infection was described and the risk factors were analyzed.

RESULTSA total of 1864 MSM were recruited and the prevalence of HIV was 6.7% (125/1864). It was 9.5% (24/252) among MSM older than 39 years and it was 1.9% (2/105) among those less than 20 years old. The prevalence was 8.4% (31/371) among MSM with junior level education and was 4.8% (41/858) among those with college level education. It was 10.3% (35/340) among MSM with sexual partner old than him for over 10 years while it was 5.0% (58/1168) among those having sexual partner within 10 years older. The prevalence of HIV infection was 8.9% (61/695) among MSM with unprotected receptive anal sex and it was 5.5% (64/1169) among those without unprotected receptive anal sex. The risk factors independently associated with HIV infection included being older than 39 years (OR = 6.5, 95%CI: 1.5 - 28.7), with junior or lower level education (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.2 - 2.7), having sexual partner older than himself for over 10 years (OR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.3 - 3.3) and having unprotected receptive anal intercourse (OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1 - 2.4).

CONCLUSIONMSM had a high rate of HIV infection. Older age, lower level education, having older sexual partner and unprotected receptive anal intercourse were related to HIV infection.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo understand the types of, reasons for and sources of stigma and discrimination in a rural community where the majority of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are former plasma donors (FPDs).

METHODSEighty local residents, including 20 HIV-positive villagers, 20 family members, 20 villagers from non-HIV-positive households and 20 health workers, were selected as study subjects by using purposive sampling method in rural areas of Anhui Province. Face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions were held to collect information on HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination and its contributing factors.

RESULTSOf the 80 study subjects, 1 didn't finish the survey. Of the 79 subjects who finished the survey, the main forms of stigma and discrimination were expanded stigma [81.0% (64/79)], abandonment and avoidance, stigma and discrimination in healthcare setting [47.4% (28/59)], loss of social support [33.3% (13/39)]. The level of stigma was less in village where were more HIV-positive villagers living and vice versa. The reasons for stigma and discrimination included: ignorance or misunderstanding of HIV/AIDS [57.5% (23/40)], fear of HIV/AIDS [32.5% (13/40)] and morality judgment toward PLHA. The majority of HIV positive participants were unwilling to disclose their positive status to others in order to protect their family members and children.

CONCLUSIONIgnorance and misunderstanding of HIV/AIDS were main contributing factors to HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination and it is very important to implement appropriate intervention programs to reduce stigma and discrimination.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Donors ; Female ; HIV Infections ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prejudice ; Rural Population ; Young Adult