Objective To explore the possible causes of CAST/EiJ mouse susceptibility to multiple pathogens,the immune cell phenotypes in the peripheral blood and spleen of CAST/EiJ mice were analyzed to clarify their composition.Methods Classical dendritic cells(cDCs),natural killer(NK)cells,B lymphocytes,T lymphocytes,and their subsets in the peripheral blood and spleen of CAST/EiJ mice and C57BL/6J mice were detected by flow cytometry using the cell surface markers CD3,CD4,CD8,CD11b,CD11c,CD19,CD27,CD49b,and TCRβ.Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of cDCs between CAST/EiJ and C57BL/6J mice,but the cDC1 cell subset population was smaller in CAST/EiJ.The proportions of NK cells(mainly mature NK cell subsets)and T lymphocytes(mainly CD8+T cells)were both lower in CAST/EiJ mice than C57BL/6J mice,while the proportion of B cells was higher in CAST/EiJ mice than C57BL/6J mice.Conclusions The proportions of NK and T lymphocytes in CAST/EiJ mice were lower than those in C57BL/6J mice.

Objective To explore hemodynamic performance of the aortic dissection after lesions, so as to provide a more scientific basis for patient treatment. Methods Based on computed tomography angiography (CTA) image data from a patient with complex Stanford B-type aortic dissection, the personalized aortic dissection models with different rupture shapes (H-type, O-type, and V-type) at proximal end of the aortic dissection were established. Combined with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and morphological analysis method, distributions of the velocity at rupture section, the blood flow, the wall pressure and the wall shear stress (WSS) were analyzed. Results The flow velocity, the highest pressure difference and the WSS proportion at entrance of the H-shaped rupture showed larger hemodynamic parameters than those of the other two types. The risk of dissection rupture for type H was the largest, while type V was in the middle, and type O was the smallest. Conclusions This study provides an effective reference for further numerical analysis the cases and formulation of treatment plans.

OBJECTIVE：To study the anti-inflammatory effects of water extract from Inner Mongolia medicine Agi （i. e. the aerial part of Artemisia frigida ），and to preliminarily explore its mechanism. METHODS ：Totally 60 mice were randomly divided into model control group （water），aspirin group （positive control ，0.4 g/kg），Agi water extract high-dose ，medium-dose and low-dose groups （60.0，30.0，15.0 g/kg，by crude medicine ），with 12 mice in each group. After intragastric administration for consecutive 5 d，the ear swelling of mice was induced by 2，4-dinitrochlorobenzene. Another 60 mice were grouped and admini- stered by the same way ，and the foot swelling of mice was induced by carrageenan. The ear swelling degree and inhibitory rate ， paw swelling rate were calculated to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of Agi water extract. The contents of TNF-α，IL-1β and PGE2 in plantar inflammatory tissue induced by carrageenan in mice were determined by ELISA. The content of MDA was determined by thiobarbituric acid trace method and NO by nitrate reductase method. RESULTS ：Compared with model control group，the degrees of ear swelling of mice were decreased significantly in aspirin group and Agi water extract high-dose ， medium-dose，low-dose groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），and the inhibitory rates of ear swelling were 72.3％，71.1％，52.6％， 36.8％，respectively；the paw swelling rates of mice in aspirin group and Agi high-dose，medium-dose groups were decreased significantly，while those were decreased significantly in Agi water extract low-dose group 0.5 h and 4.0 h after inducing inflammation（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；the contents of TNF-α，IL-1β，PGE2，NO and MDA in plantar inflammatory tissue of mice in aspirin group and Agi water extract high-dose ，medium-dose groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：Inner Mongolia medicine Agi water extract has obvious anti-inflammatory effects on ear swelling induced by 2，4-dinitrochlorobenzene and paw swelling induced by carrageenan ，and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of TNF-α， IL-1β and PGE2 generation，the reduction of NO and MDA excessive release in inflammatory tissues.

Aim To determine the function of nuclear factor-κB ( NF-κB ) in immunological liver injury of rat model and its effect on CYP2E1 expression, content and metabolic activity. Methods The immunological liver injury rat model was prepared by injection of Ba-cillus Calmette Guérin ( BCG,125 mg · kg-1 ) for 14 days. The hepatic tissue injury was revealed by hema-toxylin and eosin ( HE ) method and serum concentra-tion of alanine aminotransferase( ALT) , aspartate ami-notransferase ( AST ) respectively. CYP450 total con-tent in hepatic homogenate was determined by spectro-photography. The expression of CYP2E1 protein was detected by Western blot analysis. The enzyme kinetics of CYP2 E1 probe drug chlorzoxazone was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) as-say. Results The results showed that BCG-pretreat-ment ( 125 mg · kg-1 ) significantly increased the weight of liver and spleen, serum levels of ALT and AST(P<0. 01) , and decreased CYP2E1 expression, content and metabolic activity ( P <0. 05 ) . Adminis-tration of ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) (50, 100, 200 mg·kg-1) reversed the a-bove hepatic injury stimulated by BCG in vivo. Moreo-ver, PDTC dose-dependently inhibited the down regu-lation of CYP2 E1 ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion Passiva-tion of NF-κB can inhibit the down regulation of CYP2 E1 in liver tissue of immunological liver injury rats;NF-κB may be involved in CYP2 E1 down-regula-tion.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Shenkang Injection and its influence on C-reactive protein (CRP)and interleukin-6 (IL-6)levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with DN admitted in our hospital from Jan.2012 to Jan.2014 were randomly divided into observation group and con-trol group,60 cases for each.Control group was treated with high-quality protein diets and insulin to control blood glucose and pressure,on which basis observation group was added with intravenous injection of Shenkang Injection.Clinical efficacy,fasting blood glucose (FBG),Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC),serum creatinine (SCr),24 h urinary protein (24 hUpro),CRP and IL-6 level changes before and after treatment in both groups were observed.Results Clinical efficacy was 90.00% in observation group,evidently higher than 75.00% in control group (P <0.05). Aboveindexeswere all improvedobviously after treatment than treatment before (P < 0 .0 5 ,P <0.01)and were markedly lower in observation group than in control group (P <0.01).Conclusion Shenkang Injection can effectively reduce IL-6 and CRP levels and decrease blood glucose and pressure,prolong disease progression and improve prognosis in DN patients.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of Shenkang Injection and its influence on C-reactive protein (CRP)and interleukin-6 (IL-6)levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus combined with DN admitted in our hospital from Jan.2012 to Jan.2014 were randomly divided into observation group and con-trol group,60 cases for each.Control group was treated with high-quality protein diets and insulin to control blood glucose and pressure,on which basis observation group was added with intravenous injection of Shenkang Injection.Clinical efficacy,fasting blood glucose (FBG),Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC),serum creatinine (SCr),24 h urinary protein (24 hUpro),CRP and IL-6 level changes before and after treatment in both groups were observed.Results Clinical efficacy was 90.00% in observation group,evidently higher than 75.00% in control group (P <0.05). Aboveindexeswere all improvedobviously after treatment than treatment before (P < 0 .0 5 ,P <0.01)and were markedly lower in observation group than in control group (P <0.01).Conclusion Shenkang Injection can effectively reduce IL-6 and CRP levels and decrease blood glucose and pressure,prolong disease progression and improve prognosis in DN patients.

Objective To estimate the application of ultrasound measurement of detrusor wall thickness (DWT) in the assessment of curative effect after operation. Methods Detrusor thickness was measured by linear ultrasound (7. 5 MHz) either at a filling volume of 50% of cystometric capacity or at 250 ml filling in 86 patients, who were diagnosed equivocal BOO, during a pressure-flow study. All patients accepted transurethral resection of the prostate. At 3 months post-surgery, the patients were divided into two groups according to curative effect after operation. The volume of the prostate, age and DWT were compared between the two groups. Results There was no difference in either age or volume of the prostate between the two groups. DWT was significantly higher (P＜0.01) in the more curative effect group (37 cases, DWT 2. 5±0.3 mm) compared to the less curative effect group (49 cases, 2.2±0. 3 mm). As a predictor of curative effect, DWT of 2. 8 mm or greater had a positive predictive value of 100%, a negative predictive value of 62%, specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 19%. Receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) revealed that DWT had a high predictive value for curative effect post-surgery with an AUC of 0. 84±0. 04. Conclusions In patients with equivocal BOO, ultrasonographically assessed detrusor thickness may have a predictive value for curative effect post-surgery. However, this cutoff value needs to be validated in a larger study population.

Objective To investigate whether IL-17 could stimulate the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production on HaCaT cells alone. We also investigated whether shikonin could inhibited the proinflamation effects of interleukin-17(IL-17) acting on HaCaT cells. MethodsWe examined the expression of VEGF by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) and realtime polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in HaCaT cells and the cell supernatant. The viability of HaCaT cells in the drug group was detected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). ResultsThe expression of VEGF in different time IL-17-stimulated groups on HaCaT cells and the cell supernatant were higher than the control group( P＜0.001 ). The expression of VEGF in different drug treatment groups on HaCaT cells and the cell supematant were lower than the stimulated group by IL-17 ( P＜0. 001 ). The cell viability of different drug treatment groups have no significant difference( P＞0.05 ). ConclusionWe show that IL-17 specifically and time-dependently augmented and induced VEGF expression on HaCaT cells and the cell supernatantThen shikonin markedly inhibited the increase tengency of IL-17 effection on HaCaT cells and the cell supematant level.

Objective To investigate the effect of BRAFV600E mutation on the invasion capacity of a human melanoma cell line, A375. Methods Plasmids containing short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) specific for BRAF gene were prepared in previous study, and used to transfect A375 cells. Those cells transfected with negative plasmid and untransfected cells served as the controls. Transwell chambers were used to examine the invasion ability of melanoma cells in vitro. RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), respectively, before and after the transfection. The activity of MMP-2 was also studied with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Results Compared with the negative control, the specific shRNA decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of MMP-2 by 35% and 85%, respectively, and those of VEGF by 45% and 14%, respectively. Additionally, the number of cells invading through Matrigel chambers reduced by 69% in those cells transfected with the positive plasmid. Conclusions The mutant BRAFV600E has the potential to enhance the invasion capacity of melanoma cells, whereas specific shRNA could suppress the increase in metastasis capacity likely by inhibiting the production of VEGF and MMP.

With the rapid development of modern science and technology,the post-genomics period has come with the complement of the sequence of body genome including several tens of human genome,the emphasis of life science transfer from instruction genome to the post-genomics period,functional genome.Proteomics is the most important part of it.The technology of proteomics is advanced day by day.Except the classical two dimensional gel electrophoresis,the technology of multi-dimensional liquid chromatography and the technology of isotope coded-affinity tags have been successively developed,as well as protein chip and phage display have been applied extensively.This article simply summarizes the key technologies of proteomics.