China is currently in an accelerated stage of population aging, and brain diseases pose a significant threat to the health of the elderly. " Preventing brain aging and maintaining brain health" has become a high-level goal of healthy aging. During the process of aging, the physiological and psychological states of elderly people change, making them prone to nervousness and exhaustion, which can disturb the brain spirit, damage the brain collaterals, and severely endanger brain health. Starting from the holistic view of cultivating both body and spirit in traditional Chinese medicine, based on the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly, this paper applies the concept and method of " relaxation and tranquility" in the protection of elderly brain health, focusing on maintaining relaxation and tranquility in both physical and mental aspects. Specific measures include emphasizing subjective consciousness, relaxing the heart and calming down; utilizing the daoyin method, relaxing the body and calming down, combining relaxation and tranquility, cultivating both body and spirit to prevent diseases and protect the brain, which enables the elderly to have a healthy mind and body, a sense of happiness and fulfillment, and to age gracefully. Simultaneously, advocating for tranquility is also called " respect" for relaxation, following nature to understand constant changes, and improving one′s ability to think positively in old age, in order to expand ideas for the protection of elderly brain health.

Tinosporae Radix， as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb， is the dried root tuber of Tinospora sagittata or T. capillipes. It was first recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica Supplement in the Qing Dynasty and included in the previous edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Tinosporae Radix is excavated in autumn and winter and used after removing fibrous roots， washing， and drying. It is indicated for sore throat， carbuncle boils poison， waist and abdominal pain， and various heat syndromes and is commonly used to treat chronic inflammation. Its efficacy is significantly known as “broad-spectrum antibiotics in Zhuang medicine”. Tinosporae Radix is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb often taken by Zhuang and Yao nationalities in Guangxi province and has a wide range of application and development values and research significance. Modern studies have shown that Tinosporae Radix contains diterpenoids， alkaloids， sterols， anthraquinones， glycosides， fatty acids， volatile oils， and other compounds， which have many pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory and analgesic， antibacterial and antibacterial， antioxidant， anti-diabetic， and anti-tumor and anti-cancer effects， and it has achieved good efficacy in inhibiting inflammation and treating sore throat and other diseases. In recent years， there have been many research reports on the status， chemical constituents， pharmacological action， clinical application， and quality evaluation of Tinosporae Radix resources， but there is no systematic review and introduction at present. By consulting the literature and combining it with modern research， this paper systematically summarizes and collates Tinosporae Radix resources to provide guidance for the comprehensive development and utilization of Tinosporae Radix resources and subsequent in-depth study.

2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) outbreak is one of the public health emergency of international concern.Since the 2019-nCoV outbreak, China has been adopting strict prevention and control measures, and has achieved remarkable results in the initial stage of prevention and control.However, some imported cases and sporadic regional cases have been found, and even short-term regional epidemics have occurred, indicating that the preventing and control against the epidemic remains grim.With the change of the incidence proportion and the number of cases in children under 18 years old, some new special symptoms and complications have appeared in children patients.In addition, with the occurrence of virus mutation, it has not only attracted attention from all parties, but also proposed a new topic for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children of China.Based on the second edition, the present consensus further summarizes the clinical characteristics and experience of children′s cases, and puts forward recommendations on the diagnostic criteria, laboratory examination, treatment, prevention and control of children′s cases for providing reference for further guidance of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children.

Objective:To evaluate the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in hemopexin (HPX)-induced reduction of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods:One hundred and eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 7-8 weeks, weighing 250-280 g, were divided into 5 groups ( n=36 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group SH), I/R group, vehicle group (group V), HPX group, and HPX plus HO-1 specific inhibitor ZnPPIX(HZ group). Local cerebral I/R was produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 120 min followed by reperfusion in anesthetized rats.In I/R, V, HPX and HZ groups, 0.9% normal saline 10 μl, 0.1% NaN 3 10 μl, 1.86 g/L HPX (diluted to 10 μl in 0.1% NaN 3 solution), and 1.86 g/L+ ZnPPIX 20 μmol/L (diluted to 10 μl in 0.1% NaN 3 solution) were injected through the lateral ventricle, respectively, immediately after onset of reperfusion.Morris water maze test was used to detect the cognitive function on day 1 before ischemia and day 2 of reperfusion.Rats were sacrificed, brains were removed and brain tissues were obtained for determination of the permeability ratio of Evans blue (EB), brain water content, expression of VE-cadherin in ischemic penumbra (by Western blot), and expression of angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) mRNA and Ang2 mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction). Ang1 mRNA/Ang2 mRNA ratio was calculated.CD31/vWF double labeling immunofluorescence was used to detect the density of neovascularization in hippocampal tissues in the ischemic penumbra. Results:Compared with SH group, the escape latency was significantly prolonged at 2-7 days of reperfusion, the percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant was decreased, the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased, the permeability ratio of EB in brain tissues was increased at day 7 of reperfusion, and the brain water content, Ang1 mRNA/Ang2 mRNA ratio, expression of VE-cadherin and density of neovascularization were decreased in I/R, V, HPX and HZ groups ( P<0.05). Compared with I/R group, the escape latency was significantly shortened at 2-7 days of reperfusion, the percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant was increased, the frequency of crossing the platform was increased, the permeability ratio of EB in brain tissues was decreased at day 7 of reperfusion, and the brain water content, Ang1 mRNA/Ang2 mRNA ratio, expression of VE-cadherin and density of neovascularization were increased in HPX group ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in V and HZ groups ( P>0.05). Compared with HPX group, the escape latency was significantly prolonged at 2-7 days of reperfusion, the percentage of time of staying at the target quadrant was decreased, the frequency of crossing the platform was decreased, the permeability ratio of EB in brain tissues was increased at day 7 of reperfusion, and the brain water content, Ang1 mRNA/Ang2 mRNA ratio, expression of VE-cadherin and density of neovascularization were decreased in HZ group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:HO-1 is involved in HPX-induced reduction of cerebral I/R injury in rats.

Objective To analyze the research directions and research status of main academic teams of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis in the recent 15 years.Methods Articles about TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2015 in CNKI were searched. Articles were screened by inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then publication time and research institutes were under metrology analysis. According to Price Law and comprehensive indexes, core authors were indentified. The NetDraw2.118 social network was applied to establish author co-occurrence matrix, build core author relationship network and screen academic teams. Combined with typical articles, main research fields and research status of main academic teams were analyzed.Results3658 were included from 6365 articles. 33 core authors in the filed of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis were identified, belonging to 5 academic teams with relatively higher academic influence: Wu Huangan team, Shenhong team, Wang Hongxia team, Liu Yihua team and Zhang Yansheng team. Each team proposed unique diagnosis and treatment methods.Conclusion Academic teams of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis have inherited and promoted TCM theories and formed unique academic system in clinical practice and research.

Objective To explore characteristics of the elements of syndrome, the disease position and the relationship between chemical indicators and TCM syndromes of type 2 diabetic encephalopathy. Methods 2 501 cases of type 2 diabetes clinical data were collected from Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Dongfang Hospital, etc. in nearly 3 years, among which, 342 cases were type 2 diabetic encephalopathy. The original clinical data were double entried in epidata by two people, establishment forms in excel, factor analysis and Bayesian networks were used as data mining research methods. Results 20 elements which characteristic root more than 1 were derived by factor analysis, 68.4% were covered. Of all 20 elements, five factors belong to Yin, five factors belong to blood stasis; lassitude, shortness of breath, stool frequency were appeared when fasting glucose abnormalities; lassitude, hemiplegia were appeared when 2-hour postprandial blood glucose abnormalities;lassitude, feverish palms and soles, stool frequency, more nocturnal enuresis when glycated hemoglobin abnormalities by Bayesian networks. Conclusion The Elements of the syndrome of type 2 diabetes encephalopathy were deficiency of Yin and blood stasis; and the main positions for diabetic patients were liver, spleen and kidney. Patients with impaired fasting glucose were Qi deficiency; Patients with impaired 2-hour postprandial glucose were Qi deficiency or pathogenic wind attacking collaterals; Patients with abnormal hemoglobin were Qi deficiency and Yin deficiency.

Drug risk assessment and management is an important measure for reducing the adverse drug reaction and enhancing medication safety of the patient. Based on the concepts of drug risk assessment and risk management, and domestic and international drug risk management situation, this paper discusses the risk management of post-marketing Chinese medicine.
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; methods ; Risk Assessment ; methods ; Risk Factors

Comparative effectiveness research (CER) has gained more and more popularity, which brought great response in the USA and other developed Western countries. There is no doubt that CER is a new idea and a milestone in health care research. CER is also known as "patient-centered outcomes research", which means patient is the core element in the whole system of CER. Chinese medicine could make new achievements and further development by introducing CER into clinical research. This article mainly introduced the background, features and contents of CER and summarized how to conduct CER in Chinese medicine by referring to some published literature in order to enlighten Chinese medicine researchers.

Objective:To analyze the mistakes in the application of tuina therapy in the rehabilitation of stroke,in order to elevate the clinical effects in the treatment of stroke by tuina.Methods:The issues are found out by searching and analyzing the relevant articles on tuina treatment of stroke.Results:In the tuina treatment of stroke,mistakes exist in the intervening time of the treatment,in the emphasis of tuina with negligence of rehabilitation,in the assessment of therapeutic effects,in the selection of the manual techniques and acupoints,and in the negligence of health education.Conclusion:In the tuina treatment of stroke,it is advisable to start treatment in the early stages,use the manual techniques in different phases,to cooperate with rehabilitation at the proper time and to emphasize health education,in order to avoid or reduce the occurrence of misuse syndrome,and eliminate the appearance of disuse syndrome,for displaying the unique advantage of tuina therapy fully and promoting the innovation and development of TCM rehabilitative techniques.

The purpose of post-marketing Chinese medicine re-evaluation is to identify Chinese medicine clinical indications, while designing scientific and rational of Chinese medicine symptoms items are important to the result of symptoms re-evaluation. This study give screening of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) symptoms item of post-marketing medicine Xuezhikang re-evaluation as example that reference to principle dyslipidemia clinical research, academic dissertations, Xuezhikang directions, clinical expert practice experience etc. while standardization those symptom names and screening 41 dyslipidemia common symptoms. Furthermore, this paper discuss about the accoerdance and announcements when screening symptoms item, so as to providing a research thread to manufacture PRO chart for post-marketing medicine re-evaluation.
Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; adverse effects ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing