Objective To investigate the impact of donor kidney histopathological lesions on the risk of BK virus (BKV) infection and progression after kidney transplantation. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 326 kidney transplant recipients from deceased donors at the Department of Kidney Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, from January 2019 to June 2020. The recipients were divided into two groups based on whether BKV infection occurred after kidney transplantation: the BKV infection group (145 cases) and the non-BKV infection group (181 cases). The correlation between donor kidney histopathological findings from zero-hour biopsy and BKV infection, as well as the impact on the risk and progression of BKV infection, was analyzed. Results The incidence of BKV infection among the 326 kidney transplant recipients was 44.5% (145/326). The clearance rate of BKV after infection was 82.1% (119/145), while 17.9% (26/145) progressed to BKV viremia. Among the 326 qualified kidney biopsy specimens, 32 cases showed mild tubular atrophy, 324 cases had mild acute tubular injury, 27 cases exhibited mild hyaline arteriosclerosis, 10 cases had moderate to severe hyaline arteriosclerosis, 7 cases showed mild interstitial inflammation, 23 cases had mild interstitial fibrosis, 6 cases exhibited mild arterial intimal fibrosis, and 1 case had moderate to severe arterial intimal fibrosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male recipients, donor age and tubular atrophy were independent risk factors for BKV infection (all P<0.05). Tubular atrophy was also an independent risk factor for the progression from BKV uria to BKV viremia (P<0.05). Conclusions Donor kidney histopathological lesions have a certain impact on BKV infection and progression after kidney transplantation. Patients with more severe tubular atrophy in donor kidneys have a higher risk of BKV infection after kidney transplantation and are more likely to progress to BKV viremia.

Based on the traditional medical theory,the theory of"ear-brain-liver-spleen correlation"was proposed by linking the ear with the brain,liver and spleen.Then,by combining the Chinese medical etiology of Functional Dyspepsia(FD)and the corresponding modern medical mechanism,we realized that the close connection between the ear,brain,liver and spleen is the theoretical basis for treating FD from the ear.In recent years,a new type of vagus nerve stimulation therapy,auricular concha eletro-acupuncture(ACEA),has been developed to treat FD by regulating the liver and spleen through the regulation of the brain,relieving liver depression and strengthening spleen and qi,thus treating FD.In terms of modern medicine,this is related to its ability to reduce anxiety and depression,reduce pain perception,enhance gastrointestinal motility and reduce central and peripheral inflammation by regulating the activity of the corresponding brain functional areas.By exploring the application of auricular concha eletro-acupuncture in FD on the basis of the"ear-brain-liver-spleen correlation",we will better understand the unique role of auricular stimulation in regulating the brain and the blood of the liver and spleen,and promote the inheritance,innovation and development of TCM theory.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a significant role in maintaining tissue morphology and functions, and their precise regulatory effectiveness is closely related to expression patterns. However, the spatial expression patterns of lncRNAs in humans are poorly characterized. Here, we constructed five comprehensive transcriptomic atlases of human lncRNAs covering thousands of major tissue samples in normal and disease states. The lncRNA transcriptomes exhibited high consistency within the same tissues across resources, and even higher complexity in specialized tissues. Tissue-elevated (TE) lncRNAs were identified in each resource and robust TE lncRNAs were refined by integrative analysis. We detected 1 to 4684 robust TE lncRNAs across tissues; the highest number was in testis tissue, followed by brain tissue. Functional analyses of TE lncRNAs indicated important roles in corresponding tissue-related pathways. Moreover, we found that the expression features of robust TE lncRNAs made them be effective biomarkers to distinguish tissues; TE lncRNAs also tended to be associated with cancer, and exhibited differential expression or were correlated with patient survival. In summary, spatial classification of lncRNAs is the starting point for elucidating the function of lncRNAs in both maintenance of tissue morphology and progress of tissue-constricted diseases.
Humans ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Organ Specificity ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Transcriptome

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of T 2* mapping and zoomed imaging with parallel transmission technique (ZOOMit) intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) DWI in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods:The data of 67 patients with thyroid nodules confirmed by surgery and pathology in Ma′anshan People′s Hospital from July 2019 to March 2020 were retrospectively collected. There were a total of 80 nodules, of which 39 were benign nodules and 41 were malignant nodules. All patients underwent MRI including T 2WI, T 2* mapping, and ZOOMit IVIM sequence scans before surgery to measure the T 2*, D, D *, and f values of the nodules. The comparison of the parameters between benign and malignant nodules was evaluated by independent sample t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test. A combined parameter model was established through two-class logistic regression and the predicted probability value was calculated. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter and the combined parameter model in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Results:The T 2*, D, f values of benign thyroid nodule group were higher than that in malignant group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The difference of D * value between two groups was not statistically significant ( Z=1.258, P= 0.215). The area under ROC curve (AUC) of T 2*, D, and f values for identifying benign and malignant nodules was 0.703, 0.892, and 0.743, the diagnostic sensitivity was 80.2%, 84.1%, and 80.0%, and the specificity was 65.6%, 81.3%, and 75.0%, respectively. The AUC of T 2*combined with D, T 2*with D * and T 2* with f was 0.925, 0.709, and 0.743, the diagnostic sensitivity was 96.2%, 80.4%, and 80.0%, and the specificity was 81.2%, 65.6%, and 75.0%, respectively. Conclusion:D, f and T 2* derived from ZOOMit IVIM have good value in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules, and the combination of T 2* and D parameters has the higher diagnostic efficacy.

Objective APOBEC3B (A3B) is an important member of the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide (APOBEC) family.This study aimed to investigate its important role in the metastasis of small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods The statistical relationship between A3 B and clinicopathological data was analyzed in 249 cases of NSCLC.Sanger sequencing was used to detect mutations in exon 5,6,7 and 8 of P53 in 74 cases of lung cancer.A3B overexpression cell line was constructed in human lung adenocarcinoma cells HCC827 to observe the change of cell migration and metastasis capacity.Results A3B was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues compared with normal lung tissues.The expression of A3B was closely related to the lymph node metastasis of NSCLC and the mutation rate of p53 was positively correlated with the expression of A3B.In vitro experiment,it showed enhanced migration and increased metastatic potential in cells after overexpression of A3B.Conclusions A3B-mediated mutations in P53 may play a key role in the metastasis of NSCLC.

Objective To evaluate the inductive effect of interferon-γ(IFN-γ) combined with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on programmed necrosis of the human immortalized keratinocyte cell line HaCaT,and to explore its mechanisms.Methods In vitro cultured HaCaT cells were divided into several groups:negative control group receiving no treatment,IFN-γ group treated with 50 μg/L IFN-γ,TRAIL group treated with 4 μg/L TRAIL,and cytokine combination group treated with 50 μg/L IFN-γ and 4 μg/L TRAIL or zVAD combination group pretreated with 40 μmo/L zVAD for 1 hour followed by the treatment with 50 μg/L IFN-γand 4 μg/L TRAIL.After 48-hour treatment,the morphology of HaCaT cells were observed under a light microscope,methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium assay was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the treatment on the proliferation of HaCaT cells,and double staining flow cytometry to detect the necrosis of HaCaT cells.Meanwhile,real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) was conducted to determine the mRNA expression of receptor interaction protein kinase 3 (RIP3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL),Western blot analysis to determine the expression of RIP1,RIP3,MLKL proteins and their phosphorylated forms (pRIP1,pRIP3,pMLKL),immunofluorescent staining to observe the distribution of pRIP3 and pMLKL in HaCaT cells,and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT cells in the above groups was detected by the fluorescence probe DCFH-DA.Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 22 software by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for comparing indices among different groups,and least significant difference (LSD)-t test for multiple comparisons.Results After 48-hour treatment,HaCaT cells in the cytokine combination group and zVAD combination group showed necrosis-like morphologic features.Methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazoliumassay revealed significant differences in the survival rate of HaCaT cells among the IFN-γgroup,TRAIL group,cytokine combination group,zVAD combination group and negative control group (73.16％ ± 5.71％,81.46％ ± 4.68％,72.18％ ± 2.93％,69.67％ ± 3.24％ and 100％,respectively;F =24.34,P ＜ 0.001).The necrosis rate of HaCaT cells was notably higher in the cytokine combination group and zVAD combination group (9.86％ ± 1.31％,10.33％ ± 2.16％,respectively) than in the negative control group (5.26％ ± 0.91％,t =4.61,5.07,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).qPCR revealed that the mRNA expression of RIP3 and MLKL significantly increased in the cytokine combination group and zVAD combination group compared with the negative control group (tRIP3 =0.99,1.84,tMLKL =1.51,2.17,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Western blot analysis suggested that the protein expression of RIP1,RIP3,MLKL,pRIP1,pRIP3 and pMLKL significantly increased in the cytokine combination group compared with the negative control group (all P ＜ 0.05),and the zVAD combination group showed significantly decreased caspase 8 expression and increased expression of the above proteins compared with the cytokine combination group.Fluorescence microscopy showed that enhanced green dot-like or clump-like fluorescent spots (representing pRIP3) could be observed in the cytoplasm,and red fluorescent spots (representing pMLKL) could be seen on the cell membrane in the cytokine combination group.The average fluorescence intensity of ROS was significantly higher in the cytokine combination group than in the negative control group (t =702.00,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion IFN-γcombined with TRAIL can induce the programmed necrosis of HaCaT cells with increased level of ROS.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of a myoelectricity-driven hand robot on the recovery of hand motor function early after a stroke.Methods Thirty stroke survivors were randomly assigned to either a control group (n=15) or an experimental group (n =15).Both groups received routine rehabilitation exercises,while the experimental group additionally received hand training using a robotic hand exoskeleton.Before and after 4 weeks of treatment,the motor function of the wrist and fingers in both groups were measured using the Fugl-Meyer assessment.Spasticity in the index,middle,ring and little fingers was quantified using the modified Ashworth scale.The muscle force of the fourth finger,thumb and all of the fingers during maximum voluntary extension and flexion were recorded using the robot's surface electromyography system.Results Significant increases in the average Fugl-Meyer scores in both groups were observed after 4 weeks of treatment,but the experimental group's average score was by then significantly higher than that of the control group.The experimental group's average Ashworth score and the average sEMG amplitudes were also significantly better than those of the control group.Conclusion Supplementing routine rehabilitation exercises with a hand robot can improve hand motor function and muscle force significantly,as well as relieving hand spasticity early after a stroke.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a real-time, cross-sectional optical imaging technology. It is analogous to ultrasonography, except that OCT uses light waves instead of sound waves, and can provide three-dimensional morphological images of living tissues with a micrometer resolution. Through the use of endoscopes, needles, catheters and laparoscopes, OCT has demonstrated tremendous imaging potential in tumor surgery. The current studies suggest that OCT has potential for clinical applications in the following fields of gastrointestinal tumor surgery: (1) Early tumor detection and diagnosis: OCT can distinguish differences between polyp tissue, normal tissue and malignant tissue. It could possibly identify premalignant lesions or conditions potentially predisposing to malignancy, such as gastric and intestinal metaplasia, gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori, and early gastric cancer involving the mucosa or submucosa. In addition, OCT can differentiate between adenomatous polyps and hyperplastic polyps. (2) Optical biopsy of lymph nodes: As a high-resolution, near-IR imaging modality, OCT is capable of visualizing microscopic features within tissue, distinguishing lymph node tissue from surrounding adipose tissue, revealing nodal structures such as germinal centers and intra-nodal vessels. Consequently, OCT has the ability to show changes in node microarchitecture during metastatic tumor infiltration. (3) Intraoperative guidance for real-time determination of surgical margins: In other tumors such as oral squamous cell carcinoma and breast cancer, it has been demonstrated that OCT can be used to rapidly scan large areas of tissue, to guide at the cellular level the surgical resection of neoplastic disease, and to scan tumor margins for the presence of residual disease, tumor foci, and potentially even metastasizing tumor cells. It implies that colorectal neoplasms surgeons can possibly use the laparoscopic OCT to detect the intestinal tumor margin and lymph nodes during operation in the future, so as to determine the appropriate range of bowel resection and lymph node dissection. At present, there are few reports about the intra-operative application of OCT in the field of gastrointestinal tumor surgery. Thus there is a tremendous opportunity for further research in this field.

Objective Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) may play a role in kidney stone formation.The article aimed to conduct a preliminary study on the role of THP in kidney stone formation by investigating the changes of THP in rat urine, pathological changes of renal tissue and the formation of calcium salt crystals after establishing CNPs rat model of kidney stones.Methods Stone samples of 40 patients from February to June 2015 in our department were collected to establish the model of CNPs-induced kidney stone in rats and prepare CNPs suspension.48 SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group (group A) and blank control group (group B).Group A were injected with CNPs and the same amount of sterile saline injection in the group B.The urine of rats was collected after injection at 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 1w, 2w, 4w and 8w.ELISA were applied to detect THP levels in the urine.Then the rats were killed to take the kidney tissue.HE staining was used to investigate the pathological changes of the cells and evaluate the formation of the calcium salt crystals.Results THP levels in group A at 24h, 1w, 2w, 4w and 8w ([166.03±3.02], [173.50±1.78], [174.55±2.05], [176.54±2.45], [177.11±1.76]pg/mL) were significantly higher than that at 3h(165.89±2.23pg/mL)(P<0.05), which was the same case in comparison with those of group B ([157.65±2.22], [156.54±1.43], [159.45±3.21], [158.63±2.98], [157.33±2.05]pg/mL).Compared with the calcium salt crystal score at 6h (1 point), the scores at 3,6,12,24h (average score 2 points) increased.At 2w the score increased significantly to 3 points and reached the top score(6.7points) at 8w, which was of significant difference.The score of calcium salt crystals was in positive correlation with THP content (r=0.843,P<0.05).Conclusion THP in urine may contribute to the aggregation of calcium salt crystals and the formation of kidney stones.

BACKGROUND: Ankle fracture combined with deltoid ligament rupture and distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injury occurs occasionally. Its treatment with distal tibiofibular syndesmosis screw fixation or deltoid ligament repair remains controversial. The former appears with poor reduction, broken nails, secondary surgery and other problems.OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effectiveness of suture anchor repair for ankle fracture combined with deltoid ligament injury.METHODS: Twelve patients with ankle fracture combined with deltoid ligament injury were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine between January 2013 and December 2015. All patients were treated with open reduction, internal fixation, and anchor repair, but without distal tibiofibular syndesmosis screw fixation. The curative efficacy and joint stability were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed-up for more than 12 months. (2) The modified Baird-Jackson scoring system showed excellent in nine cases, good in two cases, average in one case, poor in none case, and the excellent and good rate was 92%. (3) At 1 year after internal fixation, the X-ray examination showed the malleolus gap and talus slope angle of the affect side were (3.47±0.12) mm and (0.45±0.18)°, and the malleolus gap and talus slope angle of the healthy side were (3.44±0.05) mm and (0.43±0.14)°, and there was no significant difference between two sides (P > 0.05). (4) These results indicate that the suture anchor can repair the anatomy and biomechanics of deltoid ligament with stable ankle joint, and secondary surgery is unnecessary.