Photoelectric treatment includes laser, intense pulsed light (IPL) and radiofrequency(RF)treatment. For many years, the development of photoelectric technology has focused on skin rejuvenation, and its key is to stimulate the regeneration and remodeling of skin collagen. In this paper, the related factors affecting collagen metabolism are described, and the short-term and long-term effects of IPL, laser and RF at different frequencies and intensities on promoting the collagen regeneration and rearrangement are analyzed and summarized.

Photoelectric treatment includes laser, intense pulsed light (IPL) and radiofrequency(RF)treatment. For many years, the development of photoelectric technology has focused on skin rejuvenation, and its key is to stimulate the regeneration and remodeling of skin collagen. In this paper, the related factors affecting collagen metabolism are described, and the short-term and long-term effects of IPL, laser and RF at different frequencies and intensities on promoting the collagen regeneration and rearrangement are analyzed and summarized.

Objective:To establish a classification model for rapid identification of hypervirulent subtype ST17 clones of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).Methods:In a retrospective study, 235 strains of GBS strains were selected from multiple centers in China during 2015-2018. For model generation,45 strains of ST17 and 50 strains of non-ST17 (20 ST19, 15 ST12 and 15 ST10 strains) were enrolled as the modeling group. The remaining 90 main ST strains (40 ST17, 16 ST10, 17 ST12 and 17 ST19) were served as validation group. 50 GBS strains classified as other minor ST subtypes were regarded as taxonomic groups. MS spectra were collected by Bruker mass spectrometry, and then loaded for model generation and verification, and screening of differential peptide peaks by genetic algorithm (GA) and model verification on ClinProTools 3.0 software.Results:The recognition rate for ST17-GA model were 99.4% with cross validation value of 96.9%. Among the ten differential peptide peaks for the classification model, the weights of both two main peptide peaks m/z 2 956 and m/z 5 912 were greater than 1, while the weights of the all other eight peptide peaks were less than 0.5. Model validation showed only one of the ST17 was misjudged as non-ST17 strain, resulting in diagnostic accuracy of 98.9%, sensitivity of 97.5% and specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 98.0%, respectively. For other sporadic STs, 42.0% (21/50) of them were misdiagnosed as ST17 subtype.Conclusion:A MALDI-TOF MS classification model for hypervirulent subtype of ST17 GBS strains has been successfully established with good diagnostic efficacy.

Objective: To observe the effect of monopolar radiofrequency(RF) and fractional CO₂ laser on the filler hyaluronic acid (HA) injected subcutaneously in rats. Methods: Five circular areas with a diameter of 2 cm at the dorsum of each rat were prepared for different treatment randomly: (1)HA injection group(HA). (2)HA injection+ fractional CO₂ laser treatment group(HA+ CO₂). (3)HA injection+ radiofrequency treatment group(HA+ RF). (4)0.9%NaCl+ fractional CO₂ laser treatment group(NaCl+ CO₂). (5)0.9%NaCl+ radiofrequency treatment group(NaCl+ RF). The volume of HA in group 1, 3, 4 were determined via MRI with reconstruction of Mimics Research X 17.0 before or 1, 3, 6, 12 months after photoelectric treatment. The rates of absorption of each time point and duration were calculated. Results: The mass of HA could be even recognized 12 months after treatment macroscopicly. Inflamatory cell infiltration and fibring were observed around HA in HA, HA+ RF, HA+ CO₂ group within 1 month. The fibrous capsule formed around HA, which was enhanced by RF and CO₂ laser therapy since 3 months post therapy. There was no significant difference of volume of HA among the three groups before photoelectric treatment. There was significant difference of HA volume on 12 months post treatment, HA(311.90±52.59) μl, HA+ RF(404.80±64.29) μl, HA+ CO₂(357.60±59.10) μl(P<0.01). The volume of HA received RF treatment degraded more slowly. The rate of HA absorption during 3-6 months post treatment was significantly lower than that of 6-12 months post treatment(P<0.05). Conclusions Fractional CO₂ laser and radiofrequency do not increase the degradation of HA. On the contrary, they may prolong the duration of HA injected subcutaneously in rat.

Objective:To compare and analyze the chemical constituents of volatile oils extracted from the different parts ( flow-ers,leaves and roots) of Stelleropsis tianschanica by chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods:The volatile oil was ex-tracted by diethyl ether-Soxhlet extraction method and analyzed by GC-MS with a capillary gas chromatographic column. The relative contents of the volatile compounds were calculated by chromatographic peak area normalization method.Results: Totally 179 volatile constituents in the different parts of Stelleropsis tianschanica were identified. Among them,81 compounds were identified in leaves,and the relative content accounted for 82.77% of the total volatile compounds;108 compounds were identified in flowers,and the relative content accounted for 82.85% of the total volatile compounds;112 compounds were identified in roots, and the relative content ac-counted for 85.98% of the total volatile compounds. Totally 33 compounds existed in all the three parts,and the content accounted for 39.24% of the total volatile components in leaves,35.86% in flowers and 48.89% in roots. The relative content of(Z,Z)-9,12-oc-tadecadienoic acid in leaves,flowers and roots of S. tianschanica was the highest,which accounted for 11.12%,9.8% and 22.49%, respectively. Conclusion:The different parts of S. tianschanica have similar volatile components, while the specific substances and the contents are different.

Objective To explore the sample type and drug resistance characteristics of Streptococcus pneu-monia(Spn)isolated from pediatric patients in Guangzhou district,and their age distribution to offer instruc-tions for prevention and clinical treatment.Methods Spn isolates were cultured and identified according to the national standard procedure for clinical laboratory operation,followed by analysis of sample type and age dis-tribution of pediatric patients with positive isolates of Spn in Guangzhou Women and Children′s Medical Cen-ter from 2013 Jan 1st to 2015 Dec 31st,drug resistance status was determined by MIC test.Results Totally, 1 243 strains of Spn were isolated,which were mainly from pediatric patients under 1 year old(42.80%).Spn isolates were mainly isolated from respiratory tract(72.81%),ear secretions(15.37%),blood(5.63%),cere-brospinal fluid(3.06%)and hydrothorax(2.01%).For all Spn isolates,the resistance rate to erythromycin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole was especially high as 94.93%,85.76%,73.53% respectively,with relative high resistance to penicillin G(24.70%),amoxicillin(39.59%),ceftriaxone(24.05%),meropenem(22.85%) and cefotaxime(19.89%),low resistance to quinolone antibiotics(<10.00%),and no resistance to vancomycin and linezolid.Conclusion The major age group of children with Spn infection is infants under one year old in Guangzhou,clinicians should be serious about the high resistant rate of Spn to erythromycin,tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole,the significantly increased resistant rate to penicillin,amoxicillin and ceftriaxone.Clinicians should choose antibiotics rationally according to the characteristics of drug sensitivity for better treatment.

To develop monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) against chicken interleukin 4 (chIL-4), we subcloned the mature chIL-4 gene into prokaryotic expression vectors pET-28a and pGEX-6P-1, then expressed and purified the recombinant proteins. We immunized BALB/c mice with the purified His-chIL-4 protein and fused the murine splenocytes with SP2/0 after 4 times of immunization. We used the GST-chIL-4 protein as a coating antigen to establish an indirect ELISA to screen positive clones. After screening and 3 rounds of cloning process, we obtained 3 hybridomas that stably secreted McAbs against chIL-4, and named 1G11-3B, 2E5-3D, and 1G11-5H. The isotypes of these McAbs were all IgG1 and the dissociation constant (Kd) of these McAbs were 1.79×10⁻⁹, 1.61×10⁻⁹, and 2.36×10⁻⁹, respectively. These McAbs specifically bound to chIL-4 expressed by either prokaryotic or eukaryotic system as determined by Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The binding domains of chIL-4 recognized by 1G11-3B, 2E5-3D, and 1G11-5H were located between aa 1-40, 80-112, and 40-80, respectively, as determined by Western blotting. These McAbs would help to detect chIL-4 and to elucidate the biological roles of chIL-4 in immune responses.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of depilation with intense pulsed light ( IPL) in congenital microtia patients , and observe the impact factors of hair removal .Methods The hairy skin was treated with M22 system using a filter of 695 -1200 nm.Treatments were conducted using a contact probe with a window of 15 cm ×35 mm or 8 cm ×15 mm at a radiant exposures of 16-18 J/cm2 with three pulses(pulse duration:3.5 ms, delay duration:80 ms).Digital photograph was taken for the calculation of hair density with IPP software before treatments .Satisfaction index of hair removal ranked as follows:poor(percent reduction <25％), mild(25％ -50％), good(50％ -75％) and excellent ( >75％) .The hair removal effects was compared between different operation occasions ( skin expansion or non-skin expansion), and different ages(children or adults).Meanwhile, the side effects of IPL were observed.Results A total of 103 cases, aging from 6 to 24 years old with a median age of 9 years old, were included in our follow up project three months later after ear reconstruction .Seventy three cases initiated their hair removal during skin expansion period , and 29 cases initiated during non-expansion period.The reduction of hair density of one session treatment during skin expansion is much higher than that in non-skin expansion (32.4 ±7.1/cm2 vs 23.5 ±7.6/cm2, t=6.007,P=0).Children acchieved more satisfiedresult than those above 15 ages(χ2 =14.721, P=0.002).Instant pain was the main side effect, which was more profound in children with a rarely high pain score of 5.76 ±1.356.There were 4 cases of epifolliculitis , 3 cases of vesiculation .No expander exposure was found in this study .Conclusions Hair removal with intense pulsed light is a safe and effective photo-epilation during all the stages of ear reconstruction .The treatment initiated during skin expansion acchieved betterresult .The effect of hair removal with IPL in children is superior to adults .

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of depilation with intense pulsed light ( IPL) in congenital microtia patients , and observe the impact factors of hair removal .Methods The hairy skin was treated with M22 system using a filter of 695 -1200 nm.Treatments were conducted using a contact probe with a window of 15 cm ×35 mm or 8 cm ×15 mm at a radiant exposures of 16-18 J/cm2 with three pulses(pulse duration:3.5 ms, delay duration:80 ms).Digital photograph was taken for the calculation of hair density with IPP software before treatments .Satisfaction index of hair removal ranked as follows:poor(percent reduction <25％), mild(25％ -50％), good(50％ -75％) and excellent ( >75％) .The hair removal effects was compared between different operation occasions ( skin expansion or non-skin expansion), and different ages(children or adults).Meanwhile, the side effects of IPL were observed.Results A total of 103 cases, aging from 6 to 24 years old with a median age of 9 years old, were included in our follow up project three months later after ear reconstruction .Seventy three cases initiated their hair removal during skin expansion period , and 29 cases initiated during non-expansion period.The reduction of hair density of one session treatment during skin expansion is much higher than that in non-skin expansion (32.4 ±7.1/cm2 vs 23.5 ±7.6/cm2, t=6.007,P=0).Children acchieved more satisfiedresult than those above 15 ages(χ2 =14.721, P=0.002).Instant pain was the main side effect, which was more profound in children with a rarely high pain score of 5.76 ±1.356.There were 4 cases of epifolliculitis , 3 cases of vesiculation .No expander exposure was found in this study .Conclusions Hair removal with intense pulsed light is a safe and effective photo-epilation during all the stages of ear reconstruction .The treatment initiated during skin expansion acchieved betterresult .The effect of hair removal with IPL in children is superior to adults .

Objective To analyse distribution and antibacterial resistance status of pathogenic bacteria isolated from blood cul‐tures of hospitalized infants ,in order to provide references for rational use of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of bloodstream infection .Methods A total of 299 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from positive blood culture specimens from infants(3 or less than 3 months of age) suspected with bloodstream infections in this hospital from January 2011 to May 2015 were collected ,the bacteria identification and drug sensitivity test were carried out by using the VITEK 2 Compact automatic microorganism analyzer . The composition and antibacterial resistance of these isolates were analyzed .Results Among the 299 strains of pathogenic bacteria , there were 169 strains of gram‐positive cocci(accounted for 56 .5% ) ,including 95 strains of coagulase negative Staphylococcus (ac‐counted for 31 .8% ) which was the main isolates ,and followed by 28 strains of Staphylococcus aureus(accounted for 9 .4% );there were 120 strains of gram‐negative bacilli (accounted for 40 .1% ) and mainly were Escherichia coli (53 strains ,accounted for 17 .7% );otherwise ,there were 8 strains of fungi (accounted for 2 .7% ) and 2 strains of gram‐positive bacillus (accounted for 0 .7% ) .The results of drug susceptibility test indicated that the gram‐positive cocci had multiple drug resistance to antibacterial a‐gents except for vancomycin and linezolid;the gram‐negative bacilli shown multiple drug resistance except for amikacin ,imipenem and meropenem .The fungus ,however ,displayed high sensitivty to all antifungal drugs .Conclusion Gram‐positive and gram‐nega‐tive bacteria are the main pathogens of hospitalized infants with bloodstream infection ,and are severely resistant to antibacterial a‐gents .Rational use of antimicrobial agents should be recommend for improving clinical efficacy and prohibiting the emergence of drug‐resistant strains .