OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical manifestations of heart, liver and kidney damages in the early stage of COVID-19 to identify the indicators for these damages. METHODS: We analyzed the clinical features, underlying diseases, and indicators of infection in 12 patients with COVID-19 on the second day after their admission to our hospital between January 20 and February 20, 2020.The data including CK-MB, aTnI, BNP, heart rate, changes in ECG, LVEF (%), left ventricular general longitudinal strain (GLS, measured by color Doppler ultrasound) were collected.The changes of liver function biochemical indicators were dynamically reviewed.BUN, UCR, eGFR, Ccr, and UACR and the levels of MA, A1M, IGU, and TRU were recorded. RESULTS: The 12 patients included 2 severe cases, 8 common type cases, and 2 mild cases.Four of the patients presented with sinus tachycardia, ECG changes and abnormal GLS in spite of normal aTNI and LVEF; 1 patient had abnormal CKMB and BNP.On the first and third days following admission, the patients had normal ALT, AST and GGT levels.On day 7, hepatic function damage occurred in the severe cases, manifested by elevated ALT and AST levels.Abnormalities of eGFR, Ccr and UACR occurred in 8, 5 and 5 of the patients, respectively.Abnormal elevations of MA, A1M, IGU and TRU in urine protein were observed in 4, 4, 5, and 2 of the patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In patients with COVID-19, heart damage can be identified early by observing the GLS and new abnormalities on ECG in spite of normal aTNI and LVEF.Early liver injury is not obvious in these patients, but dynamic monitoring of the indicators of should be emplemented, especially in severe cases. In cases with normal CR and BUN, kidney damage can be detected early by calculating eGFR, Ccr and UACR and urine protein tests.
Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2

Objective To explore the differences between patients withchronic mountain sickness (CMS) and healthy people in the microstructure of brain gray and white matter by using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). Methods 21 CMS patients were recruited to a study group and 20 healthy volunteers were assigned to a control group. Both groups received conventional MRI and DKI sequence scans. The mean kurtosis (MK) values ,radial kurtosis (RK) values and kurtosis anisotropy (KA) values in each region of interest (ROI) in the cerebral gray and white matter were measured and the same part of the left and right side ROI parameters was counted. The data satisfied the normal distribution and the paired samples t?test was used;the ROI parameters between the two groups in the same parts of the same side followed the normal distribution and the two independent samples t?test was used. Results The KA values in both sides of the anterior limb of internal capsule ,the MK values and RK values in bilateral caudate nucleus head and thalamus had side difference in CMS group. In both sides of the anterior limb of the internal capsule′s MK values,KA values and thalamus′s MK values,RK values existed side difference in the control group. The KA values of the right anterior limb in internal capsule were lower than those in the left in both groups;the right thalamus′s MK values and RK values were higher than the other side. The RK value in genu of corpus callosum differed significantly ,and it was lower the CMS group than in the control group. The difference of the KA values in corpus callosum ,the MK value in the left anterior limb of internal capsule ,the RK values in the left posterior limb of internal capsule ,the MK values in the right caudate nucleus head ,the MK values in bilateral lenticular nucleus and the MK values and KA values in the right thalamus were significant ,and they were higher inthe CMS group than in the control group. Conclusions The left and right cerebral hemispheric micro?structure is not exactly symmetrical between patients with CMS and healthy people living in high altitude areas , there are differences in some brain areas. The sensitivity and reactivity of brain tissue to high altitude hypoxia are different in patients with CMS ,there are various degrees of difference between the CMS and the normal in the corpus callosum,basal ganglia region and thalamus.

Objective To explore the features of coronary artery morphological changes and left ventricular function indicators of resident population in plateau .Methods 50 plateau healthy adults and 50 plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volunteers completed coronary CTA examination .We measured the pipe diameter of left main coronary atery and right coronary artery and their branches ,respec‐tively .Furthermore ,SV and EF value of left ventricular cardiac function indexes and the wall thickening of free ventricular wall at left ventricular end systolic were measured .Results The average diameter of proximal right coronary of plain‐and Dalian‐healthy volun‐teers thicker than plateau group ,with statistical difference ;Other coronary artery branch did not exhibit any significant between‐group differences ;The two groups did not show significant between‐group differences with heart function indexes .Conclusion The body circulation system have adaptability and compensatory changes of resident population in plateau ,and their coronary artery mor‐phology and left ventricular function are as similar as plain people .

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of artificial femoral head replacement surgery in the treatment of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fracture.MethodsThere were 120 cases with intertrochanteric fracture according to the different surgical procedures,they were divided into the observation group with 60 cases and the control group of 60 cases.The observation group were taken hemiarthroplasty.The control group were taken dynamic hip fixation.The situations for the two groups of patients after surgery were compared.ResultsThe observation group:the blood loss was (413.6 ± 125.2) ml,operative time was (65.2 ± 9.8 ) min,ambulation time was (5.9 ± 2.3 ) d,length of stay was ( 15.6 ± 2.6 ) d,complication rate was 11.7 ％.The control group:blood loss was (440.5 ± 126.3 ) ml,operative time was (81.2 ± 12.1 ) min,ambulation time was ( 16.4 ± 4.2) d,length of stay was (25.7 ± 3.1 ) d,complication rate was 33.3％.The blood loss,operative time was not different between two groups.The ambulation time,hospital stay,complication rate were significantly different.There were statistical significance ( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe hemiarthroplasty was safe,patients with weight-bearing take exercise early,and bed time was short,had less complications,and could achieve satisfied clinical results,it should be widely applied.

Fermentation kinetics is important for optimizing control and up-scaling fermentation process. We studied submerged fermentation kinetics of Morchella. Applying the genetic Algorithm in the Matlab software platform, we compared suitability of the Monod and Logistic models, both are commonly used in process of fungal growth, to describe Morchella growth kinetics. Meanwhile, we evaluated parameters involved in the models for Morchella growth, EPS production and substrate consumption. The results indicated that Logistic model fit better with the experimental data. The average error of this model was 5.8%. This kinetics model can be useful for optimizing and up-scaling fungal fermentation process.
Algorithms ; Ascomycota ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; Fermentation ; Kinetics ; Models, Biological

Objective To study the changes in somatosensory evoked potential caused by injection of adriamycin magnetic gelatin microspheres into subarachnoid space of rabbits. Methods Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation group (group S), gelatin microspheres 5mg (group C1), 15mg of gelatin microsphere (group C2) controlled groups, and adriamycin microspheres 5mg (group A1) and 15mg (group A2) groups. Under the effect of magnet, microspheres were injected into the subarachnoid space of rabbits. The pain threshold of electronic stimulation, motor function of rabbits′ hinder limbs and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) were observed continuously. Results Obvious rise of pain threshold was found in group A2 (P

Objective To determine the optimal dose range of naloxone to enhance the analgesic effect of morphine.Methods One half of a total of 84 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into seven groups(6 rats for each group).Rats in group NS received normal saline,and in group M received 6mg/kg of morphine.Different doses of naloxone(1?g/kg,100ng/kg,10ng/kg,1ng/kg and 0.1ng/kg)with 6mg/kg of morphine were given to the rats in group MN1,group MN2,group MN3,group MN4 and group MN5.Pain thresholds were determined at different time points before and after subcutaneous injection of normal saline or morphine or mixture of the drugs(morphine and naloxone).Another 42 rats were randomly assigned into seven groups similar to the above grouping,but the morphine doses for group M and groups MN were changed to 2mg/kg.Acute pain was prodused by an in cision on the hind paw.Then they were given subcutaneous injection of the drugs in different doses as categorized above.Cumulative pain scores were observed within an hour.Results Compared with group NS,the pain thresholds of all the other groups were significantly increased at the time points from 5 minutes to 120 minutes after subcutaneous injection(P0.05).Conclusions Low-dose of naloxone can enhance the analgesic effect of morphine,and the dose range 1ng/kg~100ng/kg may be acceptable.Dose of 1?g/kg naloxone may antagonize the analgesic effect of morphine,while dose of 0.1ng/kg naloxone,perhaps,is too low to show an effect.

Objective: In order to search the credible parameters of evoked potentials (EP) for the depth of anesthesia. Method: The end-expiratory concentration of isoflurane was increased gradually from 0.2MAC by step of 0.1MAC in each of ten volunteers. The change of EP and the consciousness were observed at every end expiratory anesthetic concentrations. The explicit and implicit memories about intra-experiment events were investigated an hour after stopping inhalation of isoflurane. Result: The explicit memory disappeared at 0.2 and 0.3MAC of isoflurane without the stimulation of pain; The response to command disappeared at 0.3 and 0.4MAC; 0.4MAC of isoflurane could not vanish implicit memory in all subjects. The latencies of waves Pa and Nb of the MLAEP and P_(25) of the SEP prolonged gradually with increased concentrations of isoflurane in a linear relationship, and varied with the changes of response to command. The latency corresponding to the partial response increased significantly compared with that to the full response, but without difference between the partial and no response. Meanwhile the latencies of waves Pa, Nb and P_(25) increased significantly with the disappearances of explicit and implicit memory, without differences between the conscious and unconscious awareness. The critical values of latencies about those waves which could be applied to assess the disappearance of explicit memory, were defined. Conclusion: The disappearance of consciousness is not all-ornone but gradual. The sequence of disappearance about consciousness is explicit memory, response to command, then implicit memory. There is no explicit memory about stimulation of pain after response to command has vanished, but implicit memory may still exit. The waves Pa and Nb of MLAEP and the wave P_(25) of SEP may be regarded as important parameters to evaluate the depth of anesthesia about consciousness.

effect-site concentration. The cutoff points of BIS index, AEPI and effect-site concentration for implicit memory were 47, 28 and 2.3 ?g ? ml-1 respectively.Conclusion Implicit memory exists in unconscious patients when there is no noxious stimulation. Implicit memory disappears at level 1 of OAA / S score. Implicit memory score correlates well with BIS index, AEPI. The BIS index, AEPI and effect-site concentration are good predictors of implicit memory during target-controlled infusion of propofol.

Objective To compare the analgesic effect of morphine combined with lornoxicam in different proportions in rats. Methods 63 male adult SD rats were assigned randomly into nine groups (7 each). Under the 1.4% isoflurane anesthesia, an incision of 1cm in length was made in the plantar region of the left hind paw parallel to the muscle according to the method of Brennan. The rats in sham operation group (A) inhaled 1.4% isoflurane for 5 min but no incision was made, the rats in operation control group (B) received hypodermic injection of 1ml 0.9% NaCl 1h after incision, the rats in groups C to H and group L received hypodermic injection of morphine combined with lornoxicam in different proportions (6mg/kg∶0mg/kg; 1mg/kg∶5mg/kg; 2mg/kg∶4mg/kg; 3mg/kg∶3mg/kg; 4mg/kg∶2mg/kg; 5mg/kg∶1mg/kg and 0mg/kg∶6mg/kg, respectively) 1h after incision. Analgesic effect was assessed by cumulative pain score within 1 hour after administration. Results The cumulative pain scores of rats in group A was 0.375?0.518, which was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P0.05). The scores in groups F and G were 3.625?1.061 and 3.750?1.165 respectively, which were significantly lower than those in groups C, D, E and L (P