OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects on neural function, living ability and mental state of the patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), as well as aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in the serum after treated with electroacupuncture (EA) on the base of routine therapy of western medicine. METHODS: Seventy-two acute ICH patients were randomized into an observation group (36 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and a control group (36 cases, 2 cases dropped off). In the control group, the conventional treatment was delivered such as stopping bleeding, preventing re-hemorrhage, controlling blood pressure, mitigating neural edema and reducing intracranial pressure. In the observation group, on the base of the treatment in the control group, EA was supplemented. Acupoints included Shuigou (GV 26), bilateral Neiguan (PC 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) etc. Electric stimulation was operated at Neiguan (PC 6) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on the same side, with disperse-dense wave, and 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, tolerable current intensity. Electric stimulation was delivered for 30 min in each treatment, once daily and for 6 times per week. The duration of treatment was 2 weeks in the two groups. Before and after treatment, changes of the scores of National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), modified Barthel index (MBI) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE), as well as AQP4 content in the serum were observed in the two groups; the efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The NIHSS scores and the serum AQP4 content decreased after treatment when compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05), while, MBI and MMSE scores increased (P<0.05). In the observation group, NIHSS score and serum AQP4 content were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), and MBI and MMSE scores were higher (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.8% (30/32), higher than that of the control group (73.5%, 25/34, P<0.05). The treatment in the two groups was safe, without adverse reactions and events occurring in the patients. CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture, on the base of conventional treatment of western medicine, can effectively improve the neural function, living ability, mental state and serum AQP4 content of the patients with acute ICH. It is suggested that the effective treatment by electroacupuncture may be related to the regulation of the serum AQP4 content.
Humans ; Electroacupuncture ; Aquaporin 4 ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Acupuncture Points

In the past 37 years, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has undergone various major transmission routes in China, with the world most complex co-circulating HIV-1 subtypes, even the prevalence is still low. In response to the first epidemic outbreak of HIV in injecting drug users and the second one by illegal commercial blood collection, China issued the Anti-Drug Law and launched the Blood Donation Act and nationwide nucleic acid testing, which has avoided 98,232 to 211,200 estimated infections and almost ended the blood product-related infection. China has been providing free antiretroviral therapy (ART) since 2003, which covered >80% of the identified patients and achieved a viral suppression rate of 91%. To bend the curve of increasing the disease burden of HIV and finally end the epidemic, China should consider constraining HIV spread through sexual transmission, narrowing the gaps in identifying HIV cases, and the long-term effectiveness and safety of ART in the future.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/prevention & control* ; China/epidemiology* ; Disease Outbreaks ; HIV Infections/prevention & control* ; Humans ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the methylation status of CHD5 gene promoter in bone marrow from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and the underlying mechanism for initiating the pathogenesis of AML via p19/p53/p21 pathway. METHODS: Methylation status of the CHD5 gene promoter was detected by using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSPCR) in bone marrow from AML patients, and the iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) samples were served as control. The expression of CHD5, p19, p53 and p21 was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: The methylation of CHD5 gene in bone marrow from AML patients increased significantly (39.06%) as compared with control group (6.67%). The methylation of CHD5 gene significantly correlated with chromosome karyotype differentiation (P＜0.01), but did not correlate with the patient's sex, age and clinical classification (P＞0.05). The mRNA expression of CHD5 gene in AML decreased, compared with control group, the mRNA and protein expression of p19, p53 and p21 in AML with CHD5 methylation promoter decreased. CONCLUSION The hypermeltylation of CHD5 gene promoter in AML patients can lead to decrease of CHD5, p19, p53 and p21 expression levels which may reduce the inhibitory effect on proliferation of leukemia cells through the regulation of p19, p53 and p21 pathway, thus promotes the occurence of AML.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; DNA Helicases ; DNA Methylation ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53

A new species of Alternaria causing leaf spots on the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) in Yunnan, China, was isolated, examined, and illustrated. Morphologically, it belongs to the section Porri of Alternaria, which produces relatively large conidia and a simple or branched, filamentous long beak. It is, however, characterized by conidiophores gradually enlarging near the apex into a clavate conidiogenous cell and long ellipsoid to obclavate, smooth-walled conidia with a long filamentous beak. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on ITS rDNA, GAPDH, and TEF1-alpha sequences demonstrate that the phytopathogen falls in the clade of the section Porri, being most closely related to A. sidae, A. sennae, A. deseriticola, A. cyamopsidis, A. rostellata, A. nitrimali, A. crassa, and A. thunbergiae.
Acanthaceae ; Accidental Falls ; Alternaria ; Animals ; Ascomycota ; Beak ; China ; Classification ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Hevea ; Rubber ; Spores, Fungal

Two new polyketides, chinoketides A and B (1 – 2) with a known compound xylarphthalide A (3), were isolated from the solid medium of the endophytes from the leaves of the relic plant Distylium chinense with the “black-box” co-culture method, and the structures of two new compounds were elucidated by NMR, MS and CD spectra. And the absolute configurations of chinoketides A (1) and B (2) were determined as 2R,3R,8S and 5R,6S by calculating their ECD spectra to compare with the experimental CD spectra. Finally, the antimicrobial activities were evaluated to Erwinia carotovora sub sp. Carotovora (Jones) Bersey et al, and the results showed that compounds 1 – 3 displayed the antimicrobial activities with MIC value at 20.5, 30.4 and 10.2 µg/mL.
Coculture Techniques ; Endophytes ; Methods ; Pectobacterium carotovorum ; Plants ; Polyketides

Objectives: This study aimed to observe the change of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation rate (AA-Ag) and short-term adverse reactions after taking 50 or 100 mg/d aspirin(enteric-coated sustained-release formulation) or 100 mg/d aspirin (enteric-coated aspirin tablet)in the elderly Chinese population (aged 60 years or older). Methods: A total of 1 194 participants aged 60 or older, who should be recommended to take aspirin therapy due to medical reasons, were recruited and randomly assigned into three groups to receive enteric-coated sustained-release aspirin tablet (50 mg, once daily, group A), or 100 mg, once daily (group B) or enteric-coated aspirin tablet 100 mg once daily (group C), respectively. AA-Ag was measured after (14±3)days of aspirin treatment. Adverse events and bleeding events were recorded during the (28±3)days of follow-up. Results: The AA-Ag in group A (n=347), B (n=338) and C (n=332) post 14-day aspirin therapy were 6.65 (4.03,10.84)%, 5.89(3.22,10.03) % and 6.00(3.68,10.09) %, respectively (P>0.05). During the 28 days follow-up, the adverse events rate of group A (n=388), B (n=387) and C (n=385) was 3.87%,3.36%, and 7.95%, and the mild bleeding events rate was 3.09%, 2.33%, and 6.23%, respectively. Adverse events rate and mild bleeding events rate were significantly higher in group C than in group A and B (P<0.05). Conclusions: Compared with 100 mg-dose aspirin, 50 mg-dose aspirin achieves similar anti-platelet aggregation effect in this elderly Chinese population. The short-term adverse events and mild bleeding risk of aspirin with enteric-coated sustained-release formulation were fewer than that of enteric-coated formulation.

Objective There are few comparative researches on open reduction internal fixation, hemishoulder arthroplasty and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty for the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures. The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical efficacy of three surgical Methods for the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures.Methods A retrospective study of 55 cases of complex proximal humeral fractures treated in our department from November 2013 to May 2016. According to different surgical Methods , the patients were divided into three groups: open reduction internal fixation group of 20 cases (open reduction and internal fixation using locking plate), hemishoulder arthroplasty group of 20 cases (artificial humeral head replacement), reverse total shoulder arthroplasty group of 15 cases (head-glenoid inverted shoulder replacement). Regular postoperative review was done to record the ranges of motion. The function of shoulder joint was evaluated by ASES score, VAS pain score, UCLA score and SST score.Results 6 months after the operation, the internal rotation function of the hemishoulder arthroplasty group\[(49.1±3.3)°\] was better than those of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty group \[(43.7±4.5)°\] and open reduction internal fixation group \[(41.7±5.0)°\], but the external rotation function\[(25.7±5.4)°\] was worse than the other two groups\[(38.0±5.6)°, (39.5±4.6)°\], the differences representing statistical significance(P<0.05). The functions of forward bending and external rotation of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty group were superior to hemishoulder arthroplasty group and open reduction and internal fixation group(P＜0.05). 1 years after the operation, there was no significant difference among three groups in the aspects of ASES scores, VAS pain score, UCLA score, SST score and complication rate (P>0.05).Conclusion Three surgical Methods can all be used in the treatment of complex proximal humeral fractures with equivalent efficacy. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty leads to earlier shoulder joint range of motion, but lacks middle-term and long-term curative effect. Clinicians should take surgical indications and individualization into consideration comprehensively to make the choice among three surgical Methods .

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of conducting multiple arthroplasty to treat multiple joints disease in terms of quality of life ( QOL) and function improvement.Methods:We compared our results with the reported results of single and dual arthroplasty to see if there is any improvement in QOL, functional scores or complications.In this study, 13 patients admitted to Department of Adult Reconstruc-tive Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan hospital from 2005 to 2009 were included.Questionnaires SF-36 were used to evaluate the QOL.Harris hip score, American Knee Society Score ( KSS) were used to evaluate the joint function.The patients were evaluated before surgery to the latest follow up.Results:SF-36 has changed as follow:physical function 4.17 ±14.43→65.83 ±24.76, role physical 25.00 ±26.11→60.42 ±45.8, bodily pain 23.83 ±21.41→76.88 ±20.89, general health 53.33 ±33.87→76.67 ± 14.67, vitality 50.42 ±17.25→71.67 ±16.28, social functioning 29.17 ±33.50→73.96 ±33.90, role emotional 22.08 ±35.61→77.77 ±41.03, mental health 53.33 ±25.70→82.67 ±14.41, which indicated that they all improved greatly after the surgery ( P <0.05 ) .Harris score increased from 37.68 ±14.71 before the surgery to 83.36 ±13.54 after the surgery.KSS has also showed sharp im-provement (P<0.001) in both clinical score (42.52 ±23.83→77.74 ±20.67) and function score (-2.61 ±22.56→65.65 ±30.76).Conclusion:Multiple arthroplasty is one of the most effective me-thods which can markedly improve the quality of life in patients with multiple joints disease.But compli-cations are common and joint functions are relatively poor.

Objective To investigate the effects of knee replacement postoperative on reducing hemoglobin by the different doses of tranexamic acid application.Methods A total of 116 knee replacement patients were enrolled and divided into the treatment group and the control group , 58 cases in each group .The surgical procedures and methods of the two groups were same , as patients in the control group were given intrave-nously before incision tranexamic acid 50 mg? kg -1 , and those in the treatment group received tranexamic acid 100 mg? kg -1 . During the peri-operative phase , the index of operation time , incision size , blood loss during operation , post -surgery drainage and the total number of blood transfusion , as well as hemoglobin were observed . Results Patients in two groups were all discharged after successful com-pletion surgery .The blood loss , postoperative drainage , the total amount of blood transfusion of the treatment group were significantly less than those of control group ( P<0.05 ) .The postoperative values in the two groups were showed significantly decreased ( P<0.05 ) , but preoperative hemoglobin values of the treatment group were significantly higher (P<0.05).The data of preoperative and postoperative coagulation indicators compared between two groups showed no significant difference .Patients were followed up for 3 months.The incidence of complications of deep vein thrombosis (1 case), acute myocardial infarction ( 0 case), transient neuro-logical symptom (1 case) in the treatment group were significantly lower than that in control group (5, 3, 4 cases) (P<0.05).Conclusion High dose of tranexamic acid applications can reduce blood loss and transfusion knee re -placement volume , and relieve the postoperative decrease of hemoglobin , meanwhile , it has no obvious effect on coagu-lation function with defined security .

ABSTRACT:The paper introduces professor He Xiaohui's experience in treating chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG).In his view, this disease is caused by deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality,and the basic pathogenesis of CAG is the deficiency of both qi and yin,the dampness and heat in the stomach,and the stasis of the collaterals of the stomach meridian.The site of CAG is stomach,and related closely with spleen,liver,gallbladder and kidney.Following the principle of the combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation,he puts forward a three-stage partition method,which is”cure the disease according to the syndrome,treat the disease combined with syndrome,treat the disease without syndrome directly”,advocates the application of balanced method,and creates the medical treatment of the syndrome differentiation”regulating gastritis with eight prescriptions” and the disease differentiation”shuang pu powder”,which can effectively reverse the pathological changes of chronic atrophic gastritis,and prevent the incidence of gastric cancer.