Objective: To investigate the association between screen time (ST) during leisure time and anxiety-depression symptoms among middle school students, so as to provide a basis for formulating relevant intervention measures. Methods: From November to December 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 542 students from junior and senior high school in Taiyuan City. A self designed questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to investigate ST and anxiety/depression symptoms among middle school students. The Logistic regression model was used to explore the association of ST with symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as with anxiety and depression comorbiditles (CAD). Results: The detection rates of anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and CAD were 13.69%, 15.77%, and 10.11%, respectively. The median ST was 2.00 h/d [interquartile range ( IQR =2.38) for weekly averages], with 0.33 h/d ( IQR =1.67) on work days and 5.00 h/d ( IQR=5.50) on rest days. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the total ST of mobile phones during rest days ( OR =1.07, 1.10, 1.11) and the averages ST of mobile phones over a week ( OR = 1.20 , 1.22, 1.29), as well as the total ST of all screen types during rest days ( OR =1.04, 1.04, 1.05) and the averages ST of all screen types over a week ( OR =1.08, 1.09, 1.21) were positively correlated with anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and CAD (all P <0.01). Conclusions Among middle school students in Taiyuan City, screen time is positively correlated with symptoms of anxiety or depression and the comorbidity of anxiety and depression, especially smartphone screen time and weekend screen use. Therefore, measures should be implemented to reduce unnecessary screen time among middle school students, especially the use of mobile phones, in order to mitigate the occurrence of anxiety and depression.

Objective:To identify a novel reassortant H3N2 avian influenza virus using nanopore sequencing technology and analyze its genetic characteristics.Methods:The positive samples of the H3N2 avian influenza virus, collected from the external environment in the farmers' market of Guangzhou, were cultured in chicken embryos. The whole genome was sequenced by targeted amplification and nanopore sequencing technology. The genetic characteristics were analyzed using bioinformatics software.Results:The phylogenetic trees showed that each gene fragment of the strain belonged to the Eurasian evolutionary branch, and the host source was of avian origin. The HA gene was closely related to the origin of the H3N6 virus. The NA gene was closely related to the H3N2 avian influenza virus from 2017 to 2020. The PB1 gene was closely related to the H5N6 avian influenza virus in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Fujian Province from 2016 to 2022 and was not related to the PB1 gene of the H5N6 avian influenza epidemic strain in Guangzhou. The other internal gene fragments had complex sources with significant genetic diversity. Molecular characteristics indicated that the strain exhibited the molecular characteristics of a typical low pathogenic avian influenza virus and tended to bind to the receptors of avian origin. On important protein sites related to biological characteristics, this strain had mutations of PB2-L89V, PB1-L473V, NP-A184K, M1-N30D/T215A, and NS1-P42S/N205S.Conclusions:This study identified a novel reassortant H3N2 avian influenza virus by nanopore sequencing, with the PB1 gene derived from the H5N6 avian influenza virus. The virus had a low ability to spread across species, but further exploration was needed to determine whether its pathogenicity to the host was affected.

Objective:To analyze the prenatal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with 17q12 microdeletion or microduplication.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2022, 14 fetuses diagnosed with 17q12 microdeletion and three with 17q12 microduplication by chromosomal microarray analysis folloning invasive prenatal diagnostic techniques at Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Relevant articles up to February 1, 2023, were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and Yiigle with the terms "17q12 microdeletion", "17q12 microduplication", "prenatal diagnosis", and "pregnancy outcome". Eighty-four 17q12 microdeletion cases and fourteen 17q12 microduplication cases were retrieved. Prenatal ultrasound features and pregnancy outcomes of those fetuses were analyzed and summarized.Results:In this study, ninety-eight 17q12 microdeletion cases and seventeen 17q12 microduplication cases were analyzed. (1) 17q12 microdeletion: The prenatal ultrasound showed all the 17q12 microdeletion cases had renal abnormalities (100.0%, 98/98), and renal hyperechogenicity was detected in 81.6% (80/98) of them; pedigree analysis suggested that 74.2% (49/66) mutations were de novo; 64.1% (41/64) of pregnant women chose to terminate the pregnancy and 35.9%(23/64) chose to continue pregnancy; eight out of 12 live births who were followed up had different degrees of abnormalities and four were normal during the follow-up period. (2) 17q12 microduplication: Among the 17 fetuses, 10 had upper gastrointestinal obstruction; pedigree analysis suggested that four were de novo mutations (4/13); nine out of 14 pregnant women with reported pregnancy outcomes chose to terminate the pregnancy, and five continued the pregnancy to delivery; follow up of the live births found that four neonates were normal and one had a good prognosis after surgery. Conclusions:Fetuses with 17q12 microdeletion often show renal hyperechogenicity in ultrasound images, and most mutations were de novo with poor prognosis. 17q12 microduplication in fetuses is often characterized by upper gastrointestinal obstruction, and most inherited from their parents.

Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (https://hlse.cn/), with the aim of synthesizing, evaluating, translating, and applying lifestyle-related evidence resources. This paper aims to introduce the functional module design of the evidence translation system, the system development process and testing, introduce the interface design and function demonstration, and explain the significance of constructing the HLSE.

Objective To carry out a proficiency testing of content determination of geniposide in Gardeniae fructus,evaluate the content determination ability of index components in traditional Chinese medicine in the laboratory of inspection and detection in drug-related fields,and improve the quality control ability of content determination of related laboratories.Methods The laboratory's capability-verification activities were conducted based on the CNAS-RL02 Rules for Proficiency Testing and ISO/IEC 17043 Conformity Assessment-General Requirements for Proficiency Testing.After preparing the sample,the results of homogeneity and stability tests were analyzed according to CNAS-GL003 Guidance on Evaluating the Homogeneity and Stability of Samples Used for Proficiency Testing.After the test results were qualified,they were used as proficiency testing samples and randomly distributed to participants.The results were collected,and the robust statistical method and the Z scores were used to analyze the results of these laboratories'reports.Results 403 laboratories in this proficiency testing program reported the results,of which 367 results were acceptable,accounting for 91.07％,17(4.22％)laboratories obtained suspicious results,and 19 laboratories gave unsatisfactory results,with the dissatisfaction rate of 4.71％.Conclusion The majority of the 403 participant laboratories have the ability to determine the content of geniposide in Gardeniae fructus by HPLC and the laboratory testing ability and quality management level of the drug monitoring system are high.This proficiency testing provides a basis for understanding the technical reserve capacity and management level of China's pharmaceutical inspection and testing laboratories,and provides technical support for future government supervision.

To monitor and analyze the molecular variation of the H3N2 influenza virus in Guangzhou during the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory samples of influenza-like cases from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals were collected from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals for virus isolation and whole genome sequencing. The results showed that during COVID-19, there was only one peak of H3N2 influenza in the second quarter of 2022 in Guangzhou (the positive rate was 52.23%), and the epidemic intensity and duration were both higher than those in 2019. The HA gene and NA gene of the epidemic strain in Guangzhou in 2022 belonged to the 3C.2a1b. 2a. 1a. 1 branch, which had a good antigenic site matching with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020) from 2021 to 2022 and had no antigen drift. In 2022 strains, the variation of antigen determinant mainly occurred in the I48T of C region, while no variation occurred in the A, B, D, and E regions. The binding site of the HA protein receptor was consistent with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020). Most of the strains in 2022 carried 13 glycosylation sites on the HA protein, but an outbreak of strains caused a loss of glycosylation sites at 24-NST. In conclusion, the strains that caused the epidemic of H3N2 influenza in Guangzhou in 2022 were not evolved or transmitted from the local strains in 2019 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (https://hlse.cn/), with the aim of synthesizing, evaluating, translating, and applying lifestyle-related evidence resources. This paper aims to introduce the functional module design of the evidence translation system, the system development process and testing, introduce the interface design and function demonstration, and explain the significance of constructing the HLSE.

To monitor and analyze the molecular variation of the H3N2 influenza virus in Guangzhou during the COVID-19 pandemic, respiratory samples of influenza-like cases from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals were collected from influenza monitoring sentinel hospitals for virus isolation and whole genome sequencing. The results showed that during COVID-19, there was only one peak of H3N2 influenza in the second quarter of 2022 in Guangzhou (the positive rate was 52.23%), and the epidemic intensity and duration were both higher than those in 2019. The HA gene and NA gene of the epidemic strain in Guangzhou in 2022 belonged to the 3C.2a1b. 2a. 1a. 1 branch, which had a good antigenic site matching with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020) from 2021 to 2022 and had no antigen drift. In 2022 strains, the variation of antigen determinant mainly occurred in the I48T of C region, while no variation occurred in the A, B, D, and E regions. The binding site of the HA protein receptor was consistent with the vaccine strain (A/Cambodia/e0826360/2020). Most of the strains in 2022 carried 13 glycosylation sites on the HA protein, but an outbreak of strains caused a loss of glycosylation sites at 24-NST. In conclusion, the strains that caused the epidemic of H3N2 influenza in Guangzhou in 2022 were not evolved or transmitted from the local strains in 2019 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Synthetic electroactive microbial consortia, which include exoelectrogenic and electrotrophic communities, catalyze the exchange of chemical and electrical energy in cascade metabolic reactions among different microbial strains. In comparison to a single strain, a community-based organisation that assigns tasks to multiple strains enables a broader feedstock spectrum, faster bi-directional electron transfer, and greater robustness. Therefore, the electroactive microbial consortia held great promise for a variety of applications such as bioelectricity and biohydrogen production, wastewater treatment, bioremediation, carbon and nitrogen fixation, and synthesis of biofuels, inorganic nanomaterials, and polymers. This review firstly summarized the mechanisms of biotic-abiotic interfacial electron transfer as well as biotic-biotic interspecific electron transfer in synthetic electroactive microbial consortia. This was followed by introducing the network of substance and energy metabolism in a synthetic electroactive microbial consortia designed by using the "division-of-labor" principle. Then, the strategies for engineering synthetic electroactive microbial consortiums were explored, which included intercellular communications optimization and ecological niche optimization. We further discussed the specific applications of synthetic electroactive microbial consortia. For instance, the synthetic exoelectrogenic communities were applied to biomass generation power technology, biophotovoltaics for the generation of renewable energy and the fixation of CO₂. Moreover, the synthetic electrotrophic communities were applied to light-driven N₂ fixation. Finally, this review prospected future research of the synthetic electroactive microbial consortia.
Microbial Consortia ; Synthetic Biology ; Electron Transport ; Electricity ; Biodegradation, Environmental

Abstract OBJECTIVE To explore the potential targets and mechanisms of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma in regulating autophagy in granulosa cells based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. METHODS With the help of the database, the active components, effect targets and autophagy-related targets of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma were obtained, and a component-target network diagram and a protein-protein interaction network diagram were established. Enrichment analysis of genes and signaling pathways was conducted on key targets and the active ingredients and core targets were docked to explore the possible mechanism of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma in regulating autophagy in granulosa cells. Western blotting, RT-PCR, transmission electron microscopy and double-labeled adenovirus were used to detect the effect of important active ingredients of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma on autophagy in granulosa cells. RESULTS There were 7 active ingredients of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma obtained, with 441 targets, 796 autophagy-related targets, and there were 834 biological processes, 60 cellular components, 69 molecular functions, and 150 signaling pathways obtained by enrichment analysis. Molecular docking results showed that the active components of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma and the core targets AKT1, ERBB2, PIK3CA, PIK3R1 could form a stable target binding effect. The experimental results showed that salidroside, an important active component of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma, could promote the formation of autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes, and inhibit the activity of the Pl3K/AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The results show that the regulation of autophagy in granulosa cells by Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma has the characteristics of multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway, and its mechanism is related to the regulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by salidroside.