With the popularization of small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE), a large number of one-piece corneal stromal lenticules are removed during surgery. As an additional product of surgery, the experimental research and clinical reuse of extracted corneal stromal lenticules from SMILE have become a research hotspot in recent years. Corneal stromal lenticules are thin and transparent, rich in sources, low in cost, and have the advantages of low immunogenicity and good tissue compatibility, so they can be used as important source of cells and corneal stroma research, and also can be used as good biomaterials for corneal reinforcement, patch graft, refractive correction, and lacrimal duct embolization in clinical study. This article reviews the clinical application of SMILE-derived lenticule in the treatment of corneal-related diseases, correction of hyperopia and presbyopia, coverage of glaucoma drainage valve to prevent their exposure, and its use in lacrimal duct plug, aiming to fully recognize the reuse of lenticules in clinical practice, expand its surgical indication, and providing new directions for the treatment of other eye diseases and its application in tissues and organs.

Pyridaben is a broad-spectrum acaricide widely used in agriculture, accidental or self-administration of large doses of pyridaben can cause multiple organ failure in patients. Due to its damage to multiple organs and no specific antidote, the mortality rate is high. This paper reports two patients who took a large amount of pyridaben, developed severe metabolic acidosis, hyperlactatemia, toxic encephalopathy, and liver, kidney, heart and digestive tract damage. After timely gastric lavage, catharsis, organ support andblood purification treatment, the condition improved and discharged. It is expected to provide clinical ideas for the treatment of pyridaben poisoning.

Objective To summarize the best evidence of nutritional support therapy with food for special medi-cal purpose for patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy after oncology surgery,and to provide a reference basis for standardizing the application of food for special medical purpose and guiding clinical nutritional therapy practice for oncology patients.Methods Computer search was conducted on UpToDate,Guidelines International Network(GIN),National Guideline Clearinghouse,National Comprehensive Cancer Network,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence,Oncology Nursing Society,American Society for Parenteral Enteral Nutrition,European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism,Chinese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition,Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Centre database,Cochrane Library,PubMed,CINAHL,Scopus,Web of Science,Em-base,CBM,Wanfang,and China Knowledge Network on the nutritional support treatment of food for special medical purpose for postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy patients.The retrieval period was from January 2012 to August 2022.Quality evaluation of the literature was completed independently by 2 evidence-based trained researchers and combined with expert advice to extract and summarise evidence for the literature that met quality standards.Results A total of 14 articles were included,including 4 guidelines,1 clinical decision,2 systematic re views,4 expert consen-suses,and 3 randomized controlled trials.The 14 pieces of best evidence were compiled,covering 6 aspects of nu-tritional screening and assessment,nutritional education,recommended dose,formulation selection,nutritional treat-ment,and management of adverse effects.Conclusion This study summarises the best evidence on the nutritional management of food for special medical purpose in postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy patients with cancer,which is scientific and systematic.When administering nutritional therapy to patients,healthcare professionals should fully assess the nutritional status of patients,make clear and prudent choices on the dosage and type of food for special medical puipose to be used by patients,and guide patients to improve their nutritional status safely and effectively to improve their quality of life.To improve the quality of life.

Pyridaben is a broad-spectrum acaricide widely used in agriculture, accidental or self-administration of large doses of pyridaben can cause multiple organ failure in patients. Due to its damage to multiple organs and no specific antidote, the mortality rate is high. This paper reports two patients who took a large amount of pyridaben, developed severe metabolic acidosis, hyperlactatemia, toxic encephalopathy, and liver, kidney, heart and digestive tract damage. After timely gastric lavage, catharsis, organ support andblood purification treatment, the condition improved and discharged. It is expected to provide clinical ideas for the treatment of pyridaben poisoning.

T cell infiltration and proliferation in tumor tissues are the main factors that significantly affect the therapeutic outcomes of cancer immunotherapy. Emerging evidence has shown that interferon-gamma (IFNγ) could enhance CXCL9 secretion from macrophages to recruit T cells, but Siglec15 expressed on TAMs can attenuate T cell proliferation. Therefore, targeted regulation of macrophage function could be a promising strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy via concurrently promoting the infiltration and proliferation of T cells in tumor tissues. We herein developed reduction-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) made with poly (disulfide amide) (PDSA) and lipid-poly (ethylene glycol) (lipid-PEG) for systemic delivery of Siglec15 siRNA (siSiglec15) and IFNγ for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. After intravenous administration, these cargo-loaded could highly accumulate in the tumor tissues and be efficiently internalized by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). With the highly concentrated glutathione (GSH) in the cytoplasm to destroy the nanostructure, the loaded IFNγ and siSiglec15 could be rapidly released, which could respectively repolarize macrophage phenotype to enhance CXCL9 secretion for T cell infiltration and silence Siglec15 expression to promote T cell proliferation, leading to significant inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth when combining with the immune checkpoint inhibitor. The strategy developed herein could be used as an effective tool to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Corneal disease is second only to cataract considered as the leading cause of blindness in the world, with high morbidity. Construction of corneal substitutes In Vitro by tissue engineering technology to achieve corneal regeneration has become a research hotspot in recent years. We conducted in-depth research on the biocompatibility, physicochemical and mechanical properties of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs)-seeded gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) as a bioengineered cornea. METHODS: Four kinds of GelMA with different concentrations (7, 10, 15 and 30%) were prepared, and their physicchemical, optical properties, and biocompatibility with rBM-MSCs were characterized. MTT, live/dead staining, cell morphology, immunofluorescence staining and gene expression of keratocyte markers were performed. RESULTS: 7%GelMA hydrogel had higher equilibrium water content and porosity, better optical properties and hydrophilicity. In addition, it is more beneficial to the growth and proliferation of rBM-MSCs. However, the 30%GelMA hydrogel had the best mechanical properties, and could be more conducive to promote the differentiation of rBM-MSCs into keratocyte-like cells. CONCLUSION As a natural biological scaffold, GelMA hydrogel has good biocompatibility. And it has the ability to promote the differentiation of rBM-MSCs into keratocyte-like cells, which laid a theoretical and experimental foundation for further tissue-engineered corneal stromal transplantation, and provided a new idea for the source of seeded cells in corneal tissue engineering.

【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between hepatitis B virus X （HBx） protein and EGFR promoter， and the role of HBx protein in activating EGFR/PI3K/p-Akt signaling pathway and inhibiting apoptosis. 【Methods】 EGFR promoter plasmids were constructed and the relationship between HBx and EGFR promoters was characterized using a luciferase reporter assay. EGFR-overexpressing trophoblast cells were constructed， and EGFR expression in the overexpressing cells was knocked down using EGFR shRNA. The expression and localization of EGFR/PI3K/p-Akt were detected by Western blotting and confocal laser microscopy. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. HBV plasmids carrying either full-length HBx or HBx with a deletion mutation （ΔHBx） and HBx plasmids were transfected into two types of trophoblast cells； HBx and PI3K/p-Akt protein expressions were detected by Western blotting. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. 【Results】 Co-transfection of HBx and EGFR promoter plasmids in JEG-3 and HTR-8/Svneo cells significantly elevated the expression of EGFR promoter driven luciferase compared with the control group （P<0.01）. In EGFR-overexpressing cells， the expression of PI3K/p-Akt was significantly increased （P<0.01）， whereas the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased for JEG-3 cells and HTR-8/Svneo cells （both P<0.01）. These results were reversed in the EGFR-knock down group. When the intracellular HBx protein was expressed in JEG-3 and HTR-8 cells， PI3K/p-Akt protein expression was significantly increased （both P<0.05）， and the proportion of apoptosis was significantly decreased （both P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 In placental trophoblast cells， HBx protein activates the expression of EGFR by acting on the EGFR promoter， and inhibits the apoptosis of trophoblast cells via the downstream EGFR/PI3K/p-Akt signaling pathway.

Magnesium ion (Mg²⁺ ) plays an important role in maintaining the life and health of the body.In preterm infants, the protective effect of prenatal Mg²⁺ supplementation on the nervous system of preterm infants has been widely recognized.Researchers begin to pay attention to the effects of serum Mg²⁺ level on the development of nervous system and effects of prenatal exposure to Mg²⁺ on the non-nervous system in preterm infants.The effects of Mg²⁺ on the development of neural and non-neural system in preterm infants were summarized.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of endovascular directional atherectomy angioplasty for the treatment of severe vertebral artery stenosis.Methods Directional atherectomy combined with use of drug-coating balloon (DCB) was employed to treat one patient with severe stenosis of vertebral artery in November 2017 at authors' hospital.Protective umbrella filter was placed at the distal site of V1 segment during the procedure course.Results The operation was successfully accomplished.No postoperative complications occurred.After the operation,the clinical symptom of dizziness disappeared and the patient was well recovered.Conclusion For the treatment of severe vertebral artery stenosis,directional atherectomy combined with use of DCB is safe and feasible.

Objective To explore the association between the GRIN3B gene and Tourette syndrome (TS) in children by screening mutations in the coding region of this gene.Methods Fifty-one children with TS and their parents in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from October 2015 to November 2016 were selected as an experimental group,41 cases of boys,and 10 cases of girls,aged 6-16 years[(9.78 ±3.64)years],while 60 people aged 22-45 years in the health examination center were selected in the control group,49 cases were male,1 1 cases were female,aged 22-45 years [(29.08 ± 2.89) years].DNA was extracted from 51 patients with TS,their parents and 60 controls.PCR was applied to amplify the encoding region of GRIN3B gene and Sanger sequencing was used to sequence,then GRIN3B sequencing results were compared with the NCBI gene encoding region sequence (NM_138690.2)to test whether these patients carried gene mutation and to verify the findings from their family.Results c.C460T gene variant of GRIN3B was found in 2 patients (p.P154S);c.T1187C (p.L396S) variant of GRIN3B gene was found in 10 patients and both of abnormal GRIN3B sites lead to changes in amino acid.The 2 peak sequencing maps were obtained by Sanger sequencing but nothing was found in their parents.Conclusion The mutation of GRIN3B gene may be related to the development of TS.