Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect and prognosis of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty (PKP) for diabetic patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures.Methods:A total of 105 patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures who received diagnosis and treatment in our hospital from May. 2017 to Feb. 2020, who were followed up to Mar. 2022 were selected as the research subjects, and all were treated with PKP. Time, intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay, incidence of secondary vertebral fracture, anterior height of injured vertebral body, Sagittal kyphosis Cobb angle, VAS score, and ODI index were investigated. The patients were divided into good prognosis group ( n=82) and poor prognosis group ( n=23) according to the presence or absence of secondary vertebral fractures during the follow-up period. Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis. Results:After PKP treatment, the efficiency of all 105 patients was 87.62% and the incidence of secondary vertebral fracture was 21.90%. The operative time was (83.52±16.85) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (32.11±1.52) ml, and the length of hospital stay was (10.62±1.65) d. The height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebra was (24.62±5.16) mm and (24.67±5.03) mm at the last follow-up and 3 months after surgery, respectively, higher than that before surgery ( t=15.21, 15.63, P=0.000). The Cobb angle of sagittal kyphosis was (10.03±1.27) ° and (10.10±1.25) °, respectively, and the VAS score was (3.11±0.52) and (1.00±0.11) points, respectively, 3 months after surgery and at the last follow-up. The ODI indexes were (11.25±2.85) % and (5.32±1.01) %, respectively, lower than those before surgery ( t3 months after surgery=28.84, 18.17, 29.21, tlast follow-up=25.68, 27.49, 42.78, P=0.000). There were significant differences in age, BMD, bone cement leakage, bone cement distribution and use of anti-osteoporosis drugs between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group ( t=4.03, 5.22, χ2=12.50, 22.694, 26.22, P=0.000). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ( OR=1.309, 95%CI=1.134-1.511, P=0.000), BMD ( OR=126.660, 95%CI=13.376-1199.376, P=0.000), bone cement leakage ( OR=4.698, 95%CI=1.306-16.902, P=0.018), dense distribution of bone cement ( OR=9.697, 95%CI=2.679-34.869, P=0.001), no use of anti-osteoporosis drugs ( OR=7.586, 95%CI=2.197-26.193, P=0.001) was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with diabetes complicated with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture. Conclusion:PKP has a high rate of excellence in the treatment of diabetes mellitus complicated with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures, but factors such as age, BMD, bone cement leakage, bone cement dense distribution, and no postoperative use of anti-osteoporotic drugs will increase risks of secondary fractures, which in turn affects their prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS)after low anterior resection of rectal cancer (Dixon).Methods:This retrospective study was conducted in Peking University First Hospital and Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shanxi Provice from Jan 2012 to Jun 2019. A cohort of 504 patients with rectal cancer was enrolled in the study. All the patients underwent anterior resection. The relationship between clinical-pathological data were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate analysis using χ 2 test. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors of LARS, and the Nomogram method was used to score each factors. Results:Univariate analysis showed that BMI≥28 kg/m 2(χ 2=9.450, P=0.002), the distance from the lower edge of the tumors to the anus <6 cm (χ 2=12.070, P=0.001), high ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) (χ 2=8.279, P=0.004), preoperative neoadjuvant therapy (χ 2=11.230, P=0.001), postoperative anastomotic leakage (χ 2=11.840, P=0.001) were associated with severe LARS.Multivariate analysis showed that the distance from the lower edge of the tumors to the anus <6 cm ( OR=1.861, 95% CI: 1.289-2.688, P=0.001), BMI≥28 kg/m 2 ( OR=1.747, 95% CI: 1.022-2.987, P=0.041), high IMA ligation ( OR=1.688, 95% CI: 1.157-2.463, P=0.007), preoperative neoadjuvant therapy ( OR=2.719, 95% CI: 1.343-5.505, P=0.005) were independent risk factors for LARS. Nomogram model showed that the total factor ranged from 2 to 212, and the corresponding risk rate ranged from 30% to 80%. The patients with higher score have greater risk for severe LARS. The area under the predictive power curve of Nomogram model (AUC) was 0.749 (95% CI: 0.705-0.793, P<0.001). Conclusion:Lower tumor location, obesity, preoperative neoadjuvant therapy, high IMA ligation and postoperative anastomotic leakage increase the risk of severe LARS.

Objective:To evaluate the factors affecting the degree of radical resection and the prognosis of patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was performed. Clinical data of 111 patients with LRRC undergoing operation at the General Surgery Department of Peking University First Hospital from January 2009 to August 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The "Peking University First Hospital F typing" was performed according to the preoperative images of the pelvic involvement. The pelvis was assigned into four directions: the front wall, lateral sides of the pelvic wall and the sacrum. According to the degree of pelvic wall involvement, F typing included F0 type (no involvement of the pelvic wall, the cancer only involved the adjacent organs or invaded conteriorly the urinary tract, genital organs or small intestine), F1 type (cancer involved the pelvic wall in one direction, such as the sacrum, or one side of the pelvic wall), F2 type (cancer involved the pelvic wall in two directions) and F3 type (cancer involved the pelvic wall in three directions). Case inclusion criteria: (1) LRRC was confirmed by imaging and pathological examination of samples (puncture or endoscopic biopsy); (2) complete clinical and follow-up data; (3) informed consent of patient. Those with dysfunction of heart, lung, etc., intolerance of operation, F3 type indicated by image, and distant metastasis were excluded. The degree of radical resection was evaluated according to the postoperative pathological results. Patients were followed up every 12 months and related examinations were arranged. The univariate analysis of radical resection was performed by χ 2 test, and the multivariate analysis was performed by logistic methods. The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and the survival curve was drawn. The survival rate was compared by log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with LRRC. Results:A total of 111 patients were included in this study. Of 111 patients, 59 were male and 52 were female; recurrent age of 36 cases was ≥ 65 years old; CEA level of 48 cases was ≥15 μg/L. According to the "Peking University First Hospital F typing", 70 cases were F0 type, 38 F1 type and 3 F2 type. Surgical procedures were abdominoperineal resection ( n=28), posterior pelvic exenteration ( n=32), and total pelvic exenteration ( n=51, including 1 case of TPE combined with sacrectomy). According to the postoperative pathological results, R0, R1 and R2 resections were 83, 20 and 8 cases, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the degree of radical resection was associated with the secondary surgical procedure, F typing and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that F typing (F1-F2) was an independent risk factor for non- R0 resection (OR=37.256, 95%CI:8.572 to 161.912, P<0.001). The morbidity of operative complications was 22.5% (25/111); the perioperative mortality was 1.8% (2/111); the local recurrence rate after the second operation was 37.8% (42/111). The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 41.2% and 21.9% respectively. The 3-year survival rates of patients with and without postoperative chemotherapy were 52.7% and 32.4% respectively ( P=0.005). The 3-year survival rates of patients with lower (<15 μg/L) and higher CEA level (≥15 μg/L) were 52.9% and 24.3% respectively ( P<0.001). The 3-year survival rates of patients with R0, R1 and R2 resection were 49.8%, 21.3% and 8.5% respectively ( P=0.002). The 3-year survival rates of patients with F0, F1 and F2 type were 52.7%, 22.0% and 0 respectively ( P<0.001). Cox analysis confirmed that the degree of radical resection (HR=2.088, 95%CI:1.095 to 3.979, P=0.025), the CEA level before the secondary operation (HR=1.857, 95%CI:1.157 to 2.980, P=0.010) and postoperative chemotherapy (HR=1.826, 95%CI:1.137 to 2.934, P=0.013) were independent factors affecting the prognosis. Conclusions:The indication of LRRC surgical treatments must be strictly limited. Evaluation of the fixation site to the pelvic wall is helpful for improving the rate of R0 resection. Lower preoperative CEA level, radical resection and postoperative chemotherapy are protective factors of prolonged overall survival time of patients with LRRC.

Objective:To evaluate the factors affecting the degree of radical resection and the prognosis of patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was performed. Clinical data of 111 patients with LRRC undergoing operation at the General Surgery Department of Peking University First Hospital from January 2009 to August 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The "Peking University First Hospital F typing" was performed according to the preoperative images of the pelvic involvement. The pelvis was assigned into four directions: the front wall, lateral sides of the pelvic wall and the sacrum. According to the degree of pelvic wall involvement, F typing included F0 type (no involvement of the pelvic wall, the cancer only involved the adjacent organs or invaded conteriorly the urinary tract, genital organs or small intestine), F1 type (cancer involved the pelvic wall in one direction, such as the sacrum, or one side of the pelvic wall), F2 type (cancer involved the pelvic wall in two directions) and F3 type (cancer involved the pelvic wall in three directions). Case inclusion criteria: (1) LRRC was confirmed by imaging and pathological examination of samples (puncture or endoscopic biopsy); (2) complete clinical and follow-up data; (3) informed consent of patient. Those with dysfunction of heart, lung, etc., intolerance of operation, F3 type indicated by image, and distant metastasis were excluded. The degree of radical resection was evaluated according to the postoperative pathological results. Patients were followed up every 12 months and related examinations were arranged. The univariate analysis of radical resection was performed by χ 2 test, and the multivariate analysis was performed by logistic methods. The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and the survival curve was drawn. The survival rate was compared by log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with LRRC. Results:A total of 111 patients were included in this study. Of 111 patients, 59 were male and 52 were female; recurrent age of 36 cases was ≥ 65 years old; CEA level of 48 cases was ≥15 μg/L. According to the "Peking University First Hospital F typing", 70 cases were F0 type, 38 F1 type and 3 F2 type. Surgical procedures were abdominoperineal resection ( n=28), posterior pelvic exenteration ( n=32), and total pelvic exenteration ( n=51, including 1 case of TPE combined with sacrectomy). According to the postoperative pathological results, R0, R1 and R2 resections were 83, 20 and 8 cases, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the degree of radical resection was associated with the secondary surgical procedure, F typing and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that F typing (F1-F2) was an independent risk factor for non- R0 resection (OR=37.256, 95%CI:8.572 to 161.912, P<0.001). The morbidity of operative complications was 22.5% (25/111); the perioperative mortality was 1.8% (2/111); the local recurrence rate after the second operation was 37.8% (42/111). The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 41.2% and 21.9% respectively. The 3-year survival rates of patients with and without postoperative chemotherapy were 52.7% and 32.4% respectively ( P=0.005). The 3-year survival rates of patients with lower (<15 μg/L) and higher CEA level (≥15 μg/L) were 52.9% and 24.3% respectively ( P<0.001). The 3-year survival rates of patients with R0, R1 and R2 resection were 49.8%, 21.3% and 8.5% respectively ( P=0.002). The 3-year survival rates of patients with F0, F1 and F2 type were 52.7%, 22.0% and 0 respectively ( P<0.001). Cox analysis confirmed that the degree of radical resection (HR=2.088, 95%CI:1.095 to 3.979, P=0.025), the CEA level before the secondary operation (HR=1.857, 95%CI:1.157 to 2.980, P=0.010) and postoperative chemotherapy (HR=1.826, 95%CI:1.137 to 2.934, P=0.013) were independent factors affecting the prognosis. Conclusions:The indication of LRRC surgical treatments must be strictly limited. Evaluation of the fixation site to the pelvic wall is helpful for improving the rate of R0 resection. Lower preoperative CEA level, radical resection and postoperative chemotherapy are protective factors of prolonged overall survival time of patients with LRRC.

Objectives: To examine the value of multi-slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) in the analysis of anatomical variation and structural classification of right colon vessels. Methods: From August 2015 to August 2017, 198 patients (96 of whom underwent laparoscopic radical resection of right colon cancer) at Department of General surgery of Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively collected, and the results of abdominal enhanced CT scan were collected and three-dimensional reconstruction of blood vessels was performed. There were 104 males and 94 females. The age was 64(27) years (M(Q_R), range: 19 to 87 years). Right gastroepiploic vein, anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal vein, right colonic vein (RCV), superior right colonic vein, ileocolon artery or vein (ICA or ICV), middle colon artery or vein (MCA or MCV) and Henle trunk were observed and recorded respectively. The anatomical relationship between the positions of blood vessels, the length of Henle trunk and surgical trunk were measured. Results: ICV and ICA were the most constant anatomic structures. The ICV/ICA of all patients came directly from SMV/SMA, 36.9% (73/198) ICV going in front of SMV and 63.1% (125/198) behind SMV. 72.2% (143/198) of the patients had RCV imported into Henle trunk and the rest into SMV. Middle colonic vein (MCV) could be observed in 81.3% (161/198) of the cases. 81.4% (131/161) of MCV were imported into SMV, 16.8% (27/161) into Henle trunk, 1.2% (2/161) into the first jejunal vein and 0.6% (1/161) into the splenic vein. Henle trunk was divided into 4 types, among which the occurrence probability of gastric node and pancreatic trunk was the highest. The dry length of Henle trunk was (0.82±0.39) cm (range: 0.37 to 1.68 cm). The length of surgical trunk was (2.54±0.83) cm (range: 1.57 to 3.95 cm). Accuracy of MSCTA results was 96.9%(93/96). Conclusions Anatomical variation of blood vessels in the right colon is common. Abdominal CT angiography can accurately determine the anatomical structure of the blood vessels in the right colon.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of colorectal synchronous multiple primary cancer(SMPC).

METHODSFrom January 2008 to June 2011, 51 patients diagnosed with colorectal SMPC underwent surgery at Department of General Surgery of Peking University First Hospital. Their clinicopathological features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. SMPC was diagnosed according to the following criteria: each tumor must have a definite pathologic picture of malignancy; metastasis or recurrence from another colorectal cancer was excluded; tumors must be distinctly separated by at least 5 cm of all intact bowel wall from each other; SMPC has abnormal cells between tumor and normal mucosa and abnormal gland of transitional zone; each cancer is infiltrating carcinoma except the carcinoma in situ; all the cancers are detected at the same time or within 6 months. Multiple primary colorectal cancer originated from familial colonic polyposis or ulcerative colitis was excluded.

RESULTSThese 51 colorectal SMPC patients accounted for 3.5% of 1 452 colorectal cancer patients in the same period at our hospital, with 32 males and 19 females, and mean age of (63±13)(29 to 82) years. Of 51 cases, 46(90.2%) had 2 original carcinoma, 3(5.9%) had 3 original carcinoma and 2(3.9%) had 4 carcinoma; 23(45.1%) complicated with colon polyps, 4(7.8%) complicated with malignancy outside the colorectum. In TNM staging, 7(13.7%), 15(29.4%), 24(47.1%) and 5(9.8%) patients were stage I(, II(, III( and IIII( respectively. Among 51 patients undergoing surgery by different procedures, 16 were subtotal colon resection, 8 were extended right colon resection, 5 were extended left hemicolon resection, 8 were right hemicolon resection plus Dixon procedure, 10 were Dixon, and 4 were right hemicolon resection plus sigmoid colon resection. Adjuvant chemotherapy and support treatment were given according to the condition after operation. A total of 105 tumors were found, including 25(23.8%) tumors in sigmoid colon, 24(22.9%) in rectum, 22(21.0%) in ascending colon and 4 in organs outside the colorectum. Tubular adenocarcinoma (86/105, 81.9%) was the main pathological type in these colorectal SMPC patients. During the follow-up of median 43.5 months, 10 cases presented local recurrence and 6 cases had liver metastasis. Multivariable analysis showed that ≤65 years old (OR=22.757, 95%CI: 1.562-331.543, P=0.002),undifferentiated carcinoma or mucous adenocarcinoma (OR=27.174, 95%CI: 2.834-260.512, P=0.004), stage III(-IIII( (OR=29.626, 95%CI: 3.216-272.884, P=0.003) were independent risk factors of postoperative 5-year recurrence and metastasis, but the number of SMPC lesions and the surgical method were not associated with postoperative 5-year recurrence and metastasis (P=0.564, P=0.513). The 3-year and 5-year survival rates of colorectal SMPC patients were 76.5% and 64.7%.

CONCLUSIONTwo-original carcinoma is the most common in colorectal SMPC patients, which mainly distributes in sigmoid colon and rectum. Postoperative monitoring should be strengthened for those patients with younger age, poor pathological types and advanced staging to prevent recurrence and metastasis.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs).

METHODSFrom January 2000 to May 2017, 84 patients were diagnosed as NENs by pathology and underwent surgical treatment in Peking University First Hospital. Their clinicopathological characteristics, surgial options and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTAmong these 84 cases, 67 cases were NET G1, 6 cases were NET G2, 10 cases were NEC G3 and 1 case was MANEC G3. The median size was 0.8 (0.2 to 18.0) cm. There were 60 cases of stage I(, 2 cases of stage II(, 12 cases of stage III(, 10 cases of stage IIII(. Forty-nine patients accepted examinations because of non-specific symptoms, including altered bowel habits(22/49), bloody stool (19/49) and abdominal pain(10/49); the other 35 cases including 2 patients with liver metastasis were diagnosed by endoscopy or CT during routine physical examination. Forty-four patients received endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) with 100% of sensitivity and 90.9% of accuracy. Among 20 cases (23.8%) with lymph node metastasis (all ≥T2 stage), 12 cases were NET G1 and G2 (1 case of multiple NET G1) and 8 cases were NEC G3 and MANEC G3. The lymph node metastasis rate of stage T1 NET G1 and G2 was lower than that of stage T2 to T4 NET G1 and G2, also lower than that of NEC G3 and MANEC G3 (all P=0.000), however, stage T2 to T4 NET G1 and G2 showed the similar rate of lymph node metastasis with NEC G3 and MANCE G3(P>0.05). Synchronously distant metastasis was found in 10 (11.9%) patients at the first diagnosis, and ovarian metastasis was found in 1 case 9 years after curative resection of rectal NEN. Among 81 patients receiving operation, 57 patients underwent endoscopic mucosal resection (56 patients of stage T1 NET G1 and G2); 3 patients local excision without lymph node dissection; 13 patients curative resection; 1 patient curative resection with liver metastasis resection; 6 patients palliative surgery and 1 patient metastatic lesion resection only. Overall follw-up time was 1 month to 169 months, and the 3- and 5-year survival rates were 87.7% and 79.7% respectively. No recurrence or metastasis was observed in all the 62 patients with T1 G1 and G2, including 56 cases of ESD, 3 cases of local excision, 3 cases of curative resection, whose 3-year and 5-year survival rates were both 96%. The prognosis was closely associated with grade and stage of NENs (all P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONSThe early symptoms of rectal NENs are insidious and atypical, therefore some patients are diagnosed as stage II( or higher at their first consultation. ESD is safe and effective for NET G1 and G2. The prognosis depends on grade and stage of NENs.

Objective To analyze the serious complications of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).Methods A retrospective study was conducted to summarize the clinical data of 1950 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia from January 2005 to December 2014.All patients received TURP.The mean patient Age,disease course,IPSS score,PV and Qmax of 1 950 eligible patients were 71 years (54 to 87 years),7.6 years(0.5 to 15.0 years),(65.1 ±33.4)ml,25.5 ±3.9 and (8.1 ±2.6)ml/s,respectively.Intraoperative and postoperative complications were graded according to the CLASSIC and modified Clavien classifications,respectively.Serious complications were defined as grade Ⅲ or higher.Results Among the TURP procedures,99 serious complications occurred,resulting in a serious complication rate of 5.1％,Serious intraoperative and postoperative complication rates were 1.2％ (24 cases) and 3.9％ (75 cases),respectively.Serious intraoperative complications included ureteral orifice injury (3 cases),bladder explosion (4 cases),and transurethral resection syndrome (17 cases).Serious postoperative complications included massive hemorrhage (26 cases),severe dysuria (18 cases),permanent urinary incontinence (4 cases),cardio-cerebral vascular accident (5 cases),pulmonary thrombosis (3 cases),severe infection(18 cases),and death (1 case).Conclusions Serious complications may occur at any stages during TURP.Understanding the causes and characteristics of complications,strengthening the prevention and effective treatment is the key measure to reduce the incidence rates.

Objective To examine the distribution of systemic inflammation and risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) by comparing with healthy controls.Methods Forty PsA patients and 44 controls were recruited into this cross-sectional study.We evaluated the disease activity and severity [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C reactive protein(CRP) and Disease Activity Score (DAS)28],functional ability in patients with predominant axial involvement [Bath AS disease activity index (BASDAI) and Bath AS functional index (BASH)],traditional CVD risk factors and inflammation between these two groups of patients.Then,we compared risk factors for CVD between 40 consecutive PsA patients and 44 controls,adjusted for body mass index (BMI).The frequencies were compared using chi-square tests for categorical variables.Student's t-tests or Mann-Whitney U-tests were used forcontinuous variables where appropriate.Association between the traditionaland metabolic risk factors and the hs-CRP level were assessed using Spearman correlations.Finally,we also assessed the role of inflammation on the CVD risk factor by using a BMI and hs-CRP-adjusted model.Results The BMI of PsA patients was significantly higher than that of the controls.After adjusting for the BMI,PsA patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension (OR=5.615,95％CI 1.844-17.099) and diabetes mellitus (OR=10.655,95％CI 1.150-98.683) than the controls.PsA patients had significantly increased systolic and diastolic blood pressures [(SBP) and (DBP)],total cholesterol (TC)/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL),insulin resistance,inflammatory markers (hsCRP,white cell count and platelet) and decreased HDL compared to the controls.As excepted,the hsCRP level [4.0 (2.1-13.9) vs 1.7 (1.3-2.2)],platelet and white cell counts were significantly increased in the PsA group reflecting underlying inflammation.Further adjustment for hsCRP level rendered the differences in the prevalence of hypertension (OR=3.544,95％CI 1.151-10.914);but the DBP,HDL and sugar levels were non-significantly different between the two groups,while the differences in other parameters were significant.Conclusion The data support the hypothesis that PsA may be associated with hypertension,obesity and dyslipidemia because of the shared inflammation pathway.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of Snail and Slug in primary cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and their relationship with KAI1 expression.

METHODSThe expressions of Snail, Slug, and KAI1 proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry in 154 specimens of CSCC tissues, 50 specimens of cervical intraepithelial neoplasm (CIN), and 40 specimens of normal cervical tissues.

RESULTSThe positivity rates of Snail, Slug, and KAI1 expression were 0%, 2.5%, and 95.0% in normal cervical tissues, 32.0%, 34.0% and 64.0% in CIN tissues, and 66.2%, 66.9%, and 43.5% in CSCC tissues, respectively, showing significant differences in the rates among the 3 groups (P<0.05). The expressions of Snail, Slug, and KAI1 were significantly correlated with the histological grades of the tumor, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages, and postoperative survival time (P<0.05). The expressions of Snail and Slug were positively correlated (r=0.752, P<0.001), and both of them were negatively correlated with the expression of KAI1 (P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients positive for Snail and Slug had significantly lower survival rates than the negative patients (P<0.001), while a positive expression of KAI1 was associated with a higher survival rate of the patients. Cox regression analysis identified Snail, KAI1, and FIGO stage as independent factors that affected the outcomes of CSCC (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expressions of Snail, Slug, and KAI1 are related to the tumor grade, FIGO stage, invasive depth, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis of CSCC, and their combined detection can help estimate the outcomes of the patients.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kangai-1 Protein ; metabolism ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Snail Family Transcription Factors ; Survival Rate ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology