Background The positive rate of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among coal mine workers remains high, which seriously affects the quality of life of the workers. Objective To estimate the prevalence of WMSDs among coal miners in Shanxi Province and analyze their influencing factors. Methods From May to December 2023, 2315 coal miners from a coal mine enterprise inShanxi Province were selected by convenience sampling, and the self-administered Basic Situation Survey Scale, Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale were used to evaluate general demographic characteristics, work organization characteristics, living habits, sleep quality, occupational stress, and occurrence of WMSDs symptoms and the corresponding absences (sickness absence) in past 1 year. The positive rate and absenteeism rate of WMSDs were caculated, and Pearson's chi-square test was used for identify influencing factors of WMSDs, and finally a binary logistic regression method was used to further studying the factors. Results A total of 2577 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, and 2315 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 89.9%. The positive rate of WMSDs symptoms was 48.7% (1127/2315), the absenteeism rate due to WMSDs was 22.6% (523/2315), and the waist (17.5%), neck (11.7%), and knee (9.0%) were the most common areas presenting WMSDs symptoms. The results of logistic regression showed that compared with ≤10 years of service, the risk of WMSDs was higher for those with > 20 years of service (OR=2.167, 95%CI: 1.419, 3.311). Compared with the daily working time of ≤8 h, the risk of WMSDs was higher for those >8 h daily working time (OR=1.463, 95%CI: 1.211, 1.767). A higher risk of WMSDs was reported in workers with moderate labor intensity (OR=1.247, 95%CI: 1.009, 1.542) or heavy labor intensity (OR=1.570, 95%CI: 1.215, 2.027) than those with light labor intensity. The higher the education level (OR _{high school and technical secondary school}=1.866, 95%CI: 1.435, 2.425; OR _{junior college/bachelor degree or above}=1.953, 95%CI: 1.445, 2.639), the higher the risk of WMSDs. The risk of WMSDs was higher in workers reporting smoking (OR=1.225, 95%CI: 1.021, 1.470) or alcohol consumption (OR=1.345, 95%CI: 1.122, 1.612). The risk of WMSDs in coal miners with high occupational stress (OR=1.229, 95%CI:1.030, 1.466) or those with sleep disorders (OR=3.616, 95%CI:2.824, 4.629) was higher than that in workers with low occupational stress or no sleep disorders respectively. Conclusion The positive rate of WMSDs among coal mine personnel in Shanxi Province is high, and education level, length of service, daily working hours, smoking, alcohol consumption, labor intensity, sleep disorders, and occupational stress are influencing factors for WMSDs.

Background Thyroid hormones are crucial for development and proper functioning of human physiological systems. Current research on the thyroid mainly focuses on the impacts of lifestyle factors on thyroid dysfunction, while less attention is paid to the factors affecting thyroid hormone levels, especially occupational hazards, which warrants further investigation. Objective To investigate the associations between occupational hazard exposure and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone levels in male coal mine workers. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted. A total of 12564 workers who participated in the occupational health check-ups at the Xishan Coal Electricity (Group) Corporation Occupational Disease Prevention and Control Institute in 2023 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected as research subjects. A self-designed electronic questionnaire was used to collect basic information, occupational history, and lifestyle habits of all study subjects. Height, weight, thyroid function test results, and occupational hazard exposure of the study subjects were obtained through occupational health examinations and routine workplace occupational hazard detection records. Generalized linear regression was used to analyze the associations between occupational hazard exposure and the levels of TSH and thyroid hormones. Results The median (P₂₅, P₇₅) levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and TSH in the included 12564 male coal mine workers were 1.16 (1.03, 1.29) ng·mL⁻¹, 7.70 (6.70, 8.90) μg·dL⁻¹, 3.63 (3.40, 3.84) pg·mL⁻¹, 1.19 (1.08, 1.30) ng·dL⁻¹, and 1.93 (1.36, 2.78) μIU·mL⁻¹, respectively. The overall abnormality rate of thyroid hormones was 2.83%, with the highest rate for subclinical hypothyroidism (1.83%), followed by hyperthyroidism (0.37%), hypothyroidism (0.32%), and subclinical hyperthyroidism (0.31%). After adjustment for confounding factors, the generalized linear regression model showed that long working hours were associated with higher levels of T3 and FT3, with β (95%CI) values of 0.011 (0.003, 0.019) and 0.038 (0.019, 0.057) respectively. Night shift work was linked to increased TSH levels and decreased FT4 levels, with β (95%CI) values of 0.171 (0.016, 0.326) and −0.012 (−0.019, −0.006) respectively. Coal dust exposure was associated with decreased levels of T3 and T4, with β (95%CI) values of −0.022 (−0.037, −0.008) and −0.320 (−0.434, −0.207) respectively. Noise exposure was related to decreased levels of T4 and FT4, with β (95%CI) values of −0.102 (−0.166, −0.038) and −0.020 (−0.027, −0.013) respectively. Conclusion The TSH and thyroid hormone levels of coal miners are mostly within the normal reference ranges, with a low abnormality rate. Long work hours, night shift work, coal dust, and noise are associated with the levels of TSH and thyroid hormone levels in the male miners. Coal companies should reasonably arrange working hours, optimize the night shift scheduling system, and enhance protection against coal dust and noise to promote occupational health and safeguard the physical health of miners.

AIM: To explore the correlation between remnant cholesterol(RC)and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(AION).METHODS: A total of 80 cases of AION patients hospitalized in the department of ophthalmology of Linyi People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the observation group, and 80 cases of those who had completed health checkups in Linyi People's Hospital during the same period(without ischemic optic neuropathy and other fundus vasculopathies)were selected as the control group. The general data and biochemical indexes of the two groups were compared to evaluate the correlation between RC and AION.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the levels of RC, fasting blood glucose(FBG), triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in patients with AION were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that RC was positively correlated with TG, TC, and LDL-C(all P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that RC and FBG were risk factors for the development of AION. The analysis of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves showed that the level of RC had a better predictive value for the development of AION compared with FBG.CONCLUSION: RC is associated with the development of AION and is a risk factor for the development of AION. Clinical standardization of the management of people with high RC values can reduce the risk of the development of AION, which is of clinical significance.

The development and progression of liver cancer have the stages of hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, precancerous lesion, and liver cancer, among which the malignant transformation of precancerous lesions of liver cancer is closely associated with the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC). By describing the activation of HSC, the generation of precancerous cells of liver cancer, the formation of inflammatory fibrotic microenvironment, and the association between HSC activation and precancerous lesion, this article points out that microRNAs can affect the malignant transformation of precancerous lesion of liver cancer by regulating the expression of related target genes and HSC activation, and the research in this field is expected to provide new ideas and targets for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects and complications of different period cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy in patients with craniocerebral injury. Methods: The clinical data of 96 craniocerebral injury patients who had underwent decompressive craniectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from January 2014 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different time of cranioplasty, the patients were divided into early group and routine group. In the early group, 50 patients received cranioplasty between 1.5 to 3.0 months after decompressive craniectomy; while in the conventional group, 46 patients received cranioplasty between 3.1 to 6.0 months after decompressive craniectomy. The complications after cranioplasty were observed in 2 groups, and Glasgow outcome score (GOS) and Karnofsky performance score (KPS) before cranioplasty and 3, 6 and 12 months after cranioplasty were recorded. Results: There were no statistical difference in delayed wound healing, subcutaneous hydrops, incision infection, hydrocephalus, intracranial hemorrhage and total incidence of complications between 2 groups (P>0.05). However, the incidence of postoperative epilepsy in early group was significantly lower than that in routine group: 0 vs. 8.70% (4/46), and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in GOS and KPS before cranioplasty between 2 groups (P>0.05); the GOS and KPS 3, 6 and 12 months after cranioplasty in early group were significantly higher than those in routine group, GOS: (3.58 ± 0.64) scores vs. (3.20 ± 0.74) scores, (3.90 ± 0.58) scores vs. (3.61 ± 0.61) scores and (4.22 ± 0.55) scores vs. (3.98 ± 0.45) scores; KPS: (56.20 ± 8.55) scores vs. (52.17 ± 7.86) scores, (68.40 ± 9.12) scores vs. (63.91 ± 10.22) scores and (75.20 ± 9.31) scores vs. (70.43 ± 10.53) scores, and there were statistical differences (P<0.01 or <0.05). Conclusions Early cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy in patients with craniocerebral injury can not only reduce the incidence of postoperative epilepsy, but also be more conducive to the recovery of postoperative neurological function and improve the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic factors of patients with low-frequency type of sudden sensorineural hearing loss.Methods:From February 2017 to February 2019, adult patients with unilateral low-frequency type of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in Department of Otological Medicine, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University were selected. All patients were examined by audiology, vestibular function evaluation, imaging examination and serum thyroid function test; the same treatment program was given, the curative effect was recorded and followed up for more than 3 months. SPSS 20.0 software was used to analyze concomitant symptoms (tinnitus, ear tightness, echo, rotatory vertigo), degree of deafness, inducement of deafness, basic disease, vestibular function (caloric test), electrocochleogram, inner ear gadolinium enhanced MRI radiography and thyroid function on prognosis of patients.Results:Among the 155 patients, 76 cases were cured (49.0%), 1 case was markedly effective (0.6%), 19 cases were effective (12.3%), and 59 cases were ineffective (38.1%). The total effective rate was 61.9%. Among them, 24 cases (15.5%) had hearing fluctuations during follow-up, and 1 case (0.6%) developed Meniere′s disease. Univariate analysis showed that vestibular function, electrocochleogram and inner ear MRI were correlated with prognosis. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that ear tightness, vestibular function, electrocochleogram and inner ear MRI were correlated with the prognosis of the patients. The two analyses showed that tinnitus, echo, rotational vertigo, degree of deafness, predisposing factors and underlying diseases were not significantly correlated with the prognosis of the patients (all P>0.05). Rotational vertigo was closely related to gender, and women had a high incidence. There was a significant correlation between the degree of deafness and prognosis in patients with course of less than 1 week ( P<0.05). The abnormal rate of vestibular function in patients with course of disease ≤ 1 week was significantly different from that>1-≤2 and>2-≤4 weeks ( P<0.05). The rate of abnormal thyroid function was significantly higher than that of normal people ( P<0.05), but there was no significant correlation between thyroid dysfunction and hearing prognosis (χ 2=0.009, P=0.923) . Conclusions:The prognosis of low-frequency sudden sensorineural hearing loss is not related to clinical symptoms, inducements, underlying diseases and serological abnormalities of thyroid function, but the degree of deafness is positively related to the prognosis within 1 week from onset. Abnormal thyroid function is one of the risk factors of happening with low-frequency descending sudden deafness. Abnormal vestibular caloric test, electrocochleogram and endolymph hydrops are the factors of poor prognosis.

Objective : To explore the association between coffee intake and all cancer mortality in East Asian populations. Methods : We searched literatures which assessed the relationship between coffee intake and cancer mortality in Asian populations published by December 10th,2018 from China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,VIP Database and PubMed. We conducted category and dose-response meta-analyses using Stata 15.0. Results : A total of 335 relevant articles were retrieved; five articles were finally included in the meta-analyses,of which four were carried out in Japanese population and one in Singaporean Chinese population. The total sample size of the five articles was 361 802,and the number of deaths from cancer was 17 664. The results showed that coffee intake reduced the risk of all cancer mortality in East Asian populations（RR=0.93,95%CI：0.87-0.99）. There was no statistical significant association between coffee intake and all cancer mortality in East Asian men（RR=0.94,95%CI：0.77-1.15）. Among East Asian women,coffee consumption reduced the risk of all cancer mortality by 12%（RR=0.88,95%CI：0.81-0.95）. All cancer mortality risk decreased with the increase of coffee intake,and reached the lowest point at one and a half cups of coffee per day（RR=0.92,95%CI：0.86-0.98）. Conclusion Coffee intake reduced the risk of all cancer mortality in East Asian populations,which was obviously found in East Asian women. Drinking one and a half cups of coffee a day had the lowest risk of all cancer mortality.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of pancreatic pseudocysts(PPC) in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) in a retrospective cohort study. Methods 460 AP patients with complete follow-up data admitted in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2004 to March 2012 were retrospectively analyzed,who were divided into PPC group and control group. Age,gender,body mass index(BMI),history of diabetes,etiology,the presence of ascites and hydrothorax,the presence of abdominal mass,the presence of acute fluid collection, APACHEⅡ score at 48 h admission, CT severity index (CTSI), serum albumin, amylase,LDH,ALP, BUN, Cr, TG, TB, conjugated bilirubin, CRP, serum calcium and other laboratory markers were recorded. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to select the factors that were statistically different between two groups, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors for AP complicated with PPC. Results 143(31.1%) of 460 AP patients developed PPC. On univariate analysis, a total of 11 factors including male sex, BMI ≥28 kg/m2, history of diabetes, alcoholic pancreatitis, ascites, pleural effusion, palpable abdominal mass, acute fluid collections,APACHEⅡscore,CTSI≥7 and serum albumin were statistically different between two groups. On multiple logistic regression analysis, it was shown that male sex (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.560~ 6.301, P=0.03),history of diabetes (OR 2.23,95% CI 1.021~3.920,P=0.04), ascites (OR 1.62,95% CI 0.652~2.432, P=0.01), pleural effusion (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.201~7.201, P=0.03), a palpable abdominal mass(OR 1.83,95% CI 0.737~4.320,P<0.001) and CTSI≥7(OR 5.12,95% CI 1.890~14.012, P<0.001) were independent risk factors significantly associated with the PPC formation. Conclusions The male sex, diabetic history, ascites, pleural effusion, palpable abdominal mass and high CTSI score were the independent risk factors of PPC formation in AP.

Objective To study the inhibitory effect and mechanism of dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues on LPS -induced inflam-matory response on microglia .Methods Microglia cells were cultured ,isolated and purified from the neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats.Divided them into blank group ,negative control ,LPS group and medicine group ( parallel determination for 3 times each group ) after pharmacological preconditioning for 48 hours.The optimal concentration of microglia proliferation induced by LPS were measured by MTT assay .Observed the role of dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues on LPS-induced microglia in different concentrations .The interleukin1β( IL-1β) ,tumor necro-sis factor alpha ( TNF-α) were assayed by enzyme-linked immunorrbent assay ( ELISA ) .The expression of TLR-4 was detected by Western blotting and the expression of NF-κB was detected by RT-PCR.Results LPS induced the proliferation of microglia and significantly in-creased the release of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated primary microglia .Compared with the blank group ,dipeptide peptidase inhibi-tors analogues could inhibit this effect and the IC 50 values was 1.014 ×10 -2 mol/L to MG after pretreatment for 48 hours.Dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues could inhibit the release of TNF-αand IL-1 significantly(P<0.01),and it decreased the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB signif-icantly(P<0.01).Conclusion This research suggests that dipeptide peptidase inhibitors analogues restrain cell proliferation and inflammatory re-sponse of LPS-stimulated microglia,and the possible mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the expression of TLR-4 and NF-κB.

Objective:To figure out the development status of group psychotherapy and its problems and trends in China.Methods:Properties and contents,intervention programs and methods of 386 chosen articles from key journals of psychology and Doctor & Master Thesis in the group psychotherapy area were examined with bibliometric analyses and content analysis.Result:It showed a fast increase in properties and contents for the last 15 years.The proportion of clinical and sub-clinical study was 1 ∶ 4.Totally 53.9％ of studies focused on anxiety and depression,89.4％ were quantitative studies and 86.9％ were effect studies.As for the intervention programs,36.5％ were CBT,90.0％ were short-term treatment group below 12 times,35.6％ were lack of details in introductions and 67.8％ had other missing descriptions of group leader.As for the methods,34.9％ of participants were undergraduates,experimental (34.9％) and comprehensive (44.6％) methods were dominant,and difference test (58.3％) was most widely used statistical analysis.The self-report effect evaluation accounted for about 91.4％,and the follow-up studies were less than 22％.Totally 42.9％ of studies were lack of ethical consideration.Conclusion:The status of group psychotherapy in China is still in its early developmental phase,which need further standardization and improvement.