Objective:To explore the effect of physical activity trajectories on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults.Methods:Based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from 2011 to 2020, 809 participants aged ≥45 were selected. General data, physical activity levels, and cognitive function were collected. The group-based trajectory model (GBTM) was used to establish the physical activity trajectory model, and multiple linear regression was applied to investigate factors affecting cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults and to analyze the relationship between physical activity trajectories and cognitive function.Results:The cognitive function score for the 809 middle-aged and older adults was (11.71±4.60), and the logarithmic metabolic equivalent of physical activity was (8.38±1.06). Based on GBTM, four physical activity trajectories were identified: stable group, slow-increase group, rapid-decrease group, and stable-decrease group. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the stable and slow-increase activity trajectories, gender, age, marital status, and retirement status were significant factors influencing cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Physical activity trajectories are associated with cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults. Maintaining stable or slowly increasing physical activity is beneficial for cognitive health. Nurses should design targeted interventions based on factors influencing cognitive function.

Background: Insulin regulates glucose homeostasis and has important effects on metabolism, cell growth, and differentiation. Depending on the cell type and physiological context, insulin signal has specific pathways and biological outcomes in different tissues and cells. For studying the signal pathway of insulin on glycolipid metabolism in porcine embryonic fibroblast (PEF), we used high-throughput sequencing to monitor gene expression patterns regulated by insulin. Objectives: The goal of our research was to see how insulin affected glucose and lipid metabolism in PEFs. Methods: We cultured the PEFs with the addition of insulin and sampled them at 0, 48, and 72 h for RNA-Seq analysis in triplicate for each time point. Results: At 48 and 72 h, 801 and 1,176 genes were differentially expressed, respectively. Of these, 272 up-regulated genes and 264 down-regulated genes were common to both time points. Gene Ontology analysis was used to annotate the functions of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the biological processes related to lipid metabolism and cell cycle were dominant. And the DEGs were significantly enriched in interleukin-17 signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway, pyruvate metabolism, and others pathways related to lipid metabolism by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis. Conclusions These results elucidate the transcriptomic response to insulin in PEF. The genes and pathways involved in the transcriptome mechanisms provide useful information for further research into the complicated molecular processes of insulin in PEF.

AIM: To investigate the effect of sitagliptin on the autopaghy and the expression of extracellular matrix in mesangial cells induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs).METHODS: The cells were divided into 5 groups: control group, AGE group, and sitagliptin (5, 10 and 20 μmol/L) groups.After 48 h, the cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and the content of collagen (Col) Ⅳ in the supernatant of the cell culture was detected by ELISA.The protein levels of beclin-1, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK, p70S6K and p-p70S6K were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the viability and the expression of Col IV induced by AGEs in the cultured mesangial cells were significantly increased (P<0.01).Sitagliptin decreased the viability and the expression of Col IV induced by AGEs in the mesangial cells in a dose-dependent manner.AGEs significantly inhibited the protein levels of beclin-1 and p-AMPK, but significantly increased the protein level of p-p70S6K.Compared with AGE group, sitagliptin significantly reversed the above results in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: Autophagy may mediate the protective effect of sitagliptin on mesangial cells induced by AGEs.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of inner ear lesion.Methods 94 patients who took magnetic resonance imaging water imaging were selected as study subjects from February 2014 to October 2016 in Heilongjiang Province Hospital.All the patients had surgical data,CT,MRI water imaging data.Based on the standard data of surgery gold,analyzed the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of inner ear lesions,compared the statistical differences between the two methods of examination.Results The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MRI water imaging in diagnosis of inner ear werehigher than CT,but the differences were no statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).In the case of abnormal vestibular aqueduct (x2 =7.265,P =0.015),cochlear deformity (x2 =5.042,P =0.028),diagnostic accuracy of cochlear fibrosis (x2 =5.492,P =0.027),the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ O.05).Conclusion MRI water imaging can effectively provide the information of ear canal,eudometrial and other internal organs,can provide a favorable clinical diagnosis,it is worth to promote the application in the clinical work.

Objective To explore the treatment effect and comfort of colostomy surgery with fecal water der-matitis around stoma after application of multilayer soft silicone dressings.Methods Approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee and the patients'informed consent,120 patients were divided into the hydrocolloid dressings group ( the control group) and multi-layer soft silicone dressing group (the treatment group),60 cases in each group.Before treatment,after treatment 24h and 36h,DET score,GCO score and the treatment effect were evaluated.Results After treated for 24h,the DET,GCO scores and treatment effects ( in the control group,cured in 3 cases,effective 45 cases, in the treatment group 5 patients were cured,effective in 46 cases) had no significant differences between the two groups (t=-2.624,P>0.05,t=-0.429,P>0.05,χ2 =0.519,P>0.05).After treated for 36h,the DET,GCO scores and treatment effects ( in the control group:cured in 29 cases,effective in 25 cases,in the treatment group:51 patients were cured,effective in 9 cases) had significant differences between the two groups ( t=-5.022,P<0.01,t=12.784,P<0.01,χ2 =6.316,P<0.05).Conclusion Colostomy fecal water dermatitis around stoma after application of multilayer soft silicone dressings can significantly improve the patients'comfort.

Objective To detect the dynamic visual acuity ( DVA) before and after vestibular habituation of subjects in order to optimize the DVA assessment criteria .Methods The vestibular function examination system was applied to the detection of static and dynamic visual function in 16 healthy subjects .Results When the speed of left or right swinging was fast enough , DVA before and after vestibular habituation was different .Conclusion Subjects with vestibular habituation can reduce their sensitivity to the vestibular system , the changes in DVA are better than before habituation , and the vestib-ular function adaptability training may have effect on DVA .

OBJECTIVETo explore effects of beraprost sodium (BPS) on the metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM) in rat mesangial cells cultured in the presence of high glucose and the possible mechanism.

METHODSRat mesangial cells were cultured in the presence of high glucose with or without BPS for 24 or 48 h. The levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), fibronectin (FN) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) protein in the culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and photoshop-Smad3 was detected by Western blotting.

RESULTSCompared with the cells in normal glucose, the cells cultured in the presence of high glucose for 24 and 48 h showed significantly increased TGFβ 1 and FN protein expression and lowered MMP-2 protein expression (P<0.01). Compared with the cells cultured in high glucose, BPS exposure at the concentration of 1, 2, and 5 µmol/L for 24 and 48 h significantly lowered TGFβ 1 protein expression (P<0.01), and at 2 and 5 µmol/L, BPS significantly decreased FN protein expression and increased MMP-2 protein expression in high glucose-induced cells (P<0.05). High glucose exposure also significantly increased the expression phosphorylated Smad3 (P<0.01), which was lowered by BPS treatment at 2 and 5 µmol/L (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONBPS can regulate ECM metabolism in rat mesangial cells cultured in high glucose by inhibiting TGFβ 1/Smad3 pathway, suggesting the beneficial effects of BPS in preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epoprostenol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Fibronectins ; metabolism ; Glomerular Mesangium ; cytology ; Glucose ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Mesangial Cells ; drug effects ; Rats ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of exendin-4 on the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and fibronectin (FN) in rat glomerular mesangial cells in vitro.

METHODSRat glomerular mesangial cells were divided into 5 groups, namely control group, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) group (10 ng/ml), TNF-α (10 ng/ml)+E1 (1 nmol/L exendin-4) group, TNF-α (10 ng/ml)+E5 (5 nmol/L exendin-4) group, and TNF-α (10 ng/ml)+E10 (10 nmol/L exendin-4) group. After cultured 24 h or 48 h, RNA were extracted to determine the expression of MCP-1 with real-time PCR, the supernatant were collected to determine the expression of MCP-1 and FN with ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the cells treated with TNF-α for 24 h showed significantly increase the expression of MCP-1 and FN (P<0.01), exendin-4 significantly reduced the expression of MCP-1 and FN in TNF-α+E5 group and TNF-α+E10 group (P<0.05). After 48h incubation, the expression of MCP-1 and FN increased significantly in TNF-α group (P<0.01), which was lowered by exendin-4 in TNF-α+E1,TNF-α+E5 and TNF-α+E10 groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONExendin-4 has an intrinsic capability to concentration- and time-dependently inhibit TNF-α-induced expression of MCP-1 and FN in rat mesangial cells, suggesting the beneficial effect of exendin-4 in preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; metabolism ; Glomerular Mesangium ; cytology ; Mesangial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Peptides ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; pharmacology ; Venoms ; pharmacology

Objective To explore effects of beraprost sodium (BPS) on the metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM) in rat mesangial cells cultured in the presence of high glucose and the possible mechanism. Methods Rat mesangial cells were cultured in the presence of high glucose with or without BPS for 24 or 48 h. The levels of transforming growth factorβ1 (TGFβ1), fibronectin (FN) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) protein in the culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and photoshop-Smad3 was detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with the cells in normal glucose, the cells cultured in the presence of high glucose for 24 and 48 h showed significantly increased TGFβ1 and FN protein expression and lowered MMP-2 protein expression (P<0.01). Compared with the cells cultured in high glucose, BPS exposure at the concentration of 1, 2, and 5 μmol/L for 24 and 48 h significantly lowered TGFβ1 protein expression (P<0.01), and at 2 and 5 μmol/L, BPS significantly decreased FN protein expression and increased MMP-2 protein expression in high glucose-induced cells (P<0.05). High glucose exposure also significantly increased the expression phosphorylated Smad3 (P<0.01), which was lowered by BPS treatment at 2 and 5μmol/L (P<0.01). Conclusion BPS can regulate ECM metabolism in rat mesangial cells cultured in high glucose by inhibiting TGFβ1/Smad3 pathway, suggesting the beneficial effects of BPS in preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To explore effects of beraprost sodium (BPS) on the metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM) in rat mesangial cells cultured in the presence of high glucose and the possible mechanism. Methods Rat mesangial cells were cultured in the presence of high glucose with or without BPS for 24 or 48 h. The levels of transforming growth factorβ1 (TGFβ1), fibronectin (FN) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) protein in the culture supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and photoshop-Smad3 was detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with the cells in normal glucose, the cells cultured in the presence of high glucose for 24 and 48 h showed significantly increased TGFβ1 and FN protein expression and lowered MMP-2 protein expression (P<0.01). Compared with the cells cultured in high glucose, BPS exposure at the concentration of 1, 2, and 5 μmol/L for 24 and 48 h significantly lowered TGFβ1 protein expression (P<0.01), and at 2 and 5 μmol/L, BPS significantly decreased FN protein expression and increased MMP-2 protein expression in high glucose-induced cells (P<0.05). High glucose exposure also significantly increased the expression phosphorylated Smad3 (P<0.01), which was lowered by BPS treatment at 2 and 5μmol/L (P<0.01). Conclusion BPS can regulate ECM metabolism in rat mesangial cells cultured in high glucose by inhibiting TGFβ1/Smad3 pathway, suggesting the beneficial effects of BPS in preventing and treating diabetic nephropathy.