Objective To analyze the influencing factors of clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET)for the first time.Methods The clinical data of 1 458 patients who underwent FET cycle-assisted pregnancy for the first time were retrospectively analyzed and divided into four groups according to clinical pregnancy and live bith outcomes.The clini-cal data were compared to analyze the factors affecting clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in FET cycles that were included in multiple logistic regression analysis.Results Of the 1458 cycles,the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were 44.0% and 34.0%,respectively.The mean age of the clinical pregnancy and live birth groups was lower than that in non-clinical pregnancy and stillbirth groups(P<0.05).The clinical pregnancy and live birth rates of patients aged<35 years were higher than those aged≥35 years(P<0.05).The clinical preg-nancy and live birth rates of patients with≥8 mm endometrial thickness were higher than those with<8 mm endometrial thickness(P<0.05).The clinical pregnancy rate of natural cycles of endometrial preparation regimen was higher than that of HRT cycles(P<0.05).The clinical pregnancy and live birth rates of double-embryo transfers were higher than that of single-embryo transfers(P<0.05).The clinical pregnancy and live birth rates of blastocyst transfers were higher than those of cleavage stage(P<0.05).Conclusion Age,endometrial thickness,number of transplanted embryos,and embryo morphology were the independent factors influencing clinical pregnancy and live birth outcomes during FET cycle transplantation.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of the daily exercise load and the One Hour of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) per day among primary school students, so as to provide a reference for improving the quality of the physical activity of primary school students in school. Methods: A total of 223 students from an elementary school in Beijing from May to June of 2023, were selected by stratified random cluster sampling method. The Polar Verity Sense heart rate arm band was used to monitor and evaluate the daily exercise load heart rate according to different grades, gender and physical quality. Results: The average heart rate of primary school students in outdoor class, zero point sports, recess and indoor class was (130.01±13.11, 119.89± 16.02,109.96±8.11,96.81±7.89) times/min, respectively, and only 4.04% students met the standard of 1 hour MVPA daily. From the perspective of different grades, the MVPA time ratio of lower grade students in outdoor class, zero point sports and big break was 28.41%, 42.47% and 8.24%, that of middle grade students was 18.33%, 6.41% and 5.90%, and that of senior students was 45.91%, 3.88% and 11.43%. The number of students who achieved 1 hour daily MVPA was 5.41%, 0 and 6.67%. Time ratio of MVPA in outdoor classes, zero hour sports and big breaks accounted for 30.09%, 16.34% and 9.23% for boys, 31.70%, 16.24 % and 6.13% for girls, and the interval distribution of boys and girls who achieved MVPA for one hour per day was 5.88% and 2.86%.Time ratio of MVPA for students with excellent physical fitness were 33.19%, 21.76% and 8.25% in outdoor class, zero point sports and big break, while those with good physical fitness were 29.76%, 12.93% and 8.19%.A total of 21.78%, 5.99% and 4.80% of the students passed the physical fitness test, and the number of students with excellent, good and passed the physical fitness test who achieved the daily 1 hour MVPA was 5.88%, 3.77% and 0. Conclusion In the present study, elementary and middle school students time for in school physical activity was adequate, but there are problems of low loading intensity and insufficient time for MVPA. It is necessary to arrange targeted physical activity programs for students of different grades, genders and physical fitness levels to increase the daily exercise load of students in school.

Vascular dementia(VD)is caused by cerebrovascular diseases,either hemorrhage or ischemic damage in the brain,with ischemia being the most common.In recent years,increasing efforts have been made to study the etiology,pathogenesis,and prevention of VD.The establishment of appropriate animal models to study the mechanism of VD and explore the efficacy of VD treatments has become an important issue in this research field.On the basis of conventional method,such as bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries(2VO)and four-vessel occlusion,researchers have modified these method to improve stability with better reflection of the clinical manifestations of VD.This review summarizes these modified method and discusses possible cellular and molecular mechanisms and their advantages and disadvantages.

Objective:To investigate the application of multiscale low-rank plus sparsity (MLRS) modeling in fast ultra-high-field intracranial 4D Flow imaging.Methods:Ten healthy volunteers, 5 males and 5 females, aged 23-35 (29±4) years old, recruited from October 2022 to January 2023 at Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, were prospectively collected. A MLRS model acceleration algorithm was proposed according to the characteristics of 4D Flow data based on the multiscale low-rank (MLR) model. Firstly, full sampling brain 4D Flow scans were performed on healthy volunteers using 7.0 T MR, and the acquired data were under-sampled with Gaussian distributions at different acceleration rates (R of 4, 8, 12, and 16, respectively). The root mean square error (RMSE) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the compressed sensing algorithm (CS), low-rank plus sparse algorithm (L+S), MLR, and MLRS model were calculated at different acceleration rates, with fully sampled data as reference. And the comparison of models was performed using the paired-samples t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test. Pearson′s test was used to assess the correlation between hemodynamic parameters of the 4 algorithms and the fully sampled reference values at different acceleration rates, and the correlation coefficients were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results:The RMSE under the same acceleration rates was MLRS, MLR, L+S, and CS models in ascending order, and the RMSE of the MLRS model was significantly lower than that of the MLR, L+S, and CS models ( P<0.05); the PSNR was MLRS, MLR, L+S, and CS models in descending order, and the PSNR of the MLRS model was significantly higher than that of the MLR, L+S, and CS model ( P<0.05). The correlation coefficients between the blood flow velocity measured by the MLRS model and the reference value were significantly higher than those of the MLR, L+S, and CS models for different acceleration rates ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The proposed MLRS algorithm is capable of accelerating ultra-high-field 4D Flow MR imaging of the brain while guaranteeing the image quality, and the MLRS model has higher reconstruction accuracy compared with conventional acceleration models at the same acceleration rate.

Gonorrhea, caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is one of the most frequently reported infectious diseases. With the increasing antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, gonorrhea has become a major public health problem worldwide, making it imperative to develop a safe and effective vaccine. Lipooligosaccharides (LOS), which exist on the outer surface of gram-negative bacteria, contain many important antigenic determinants. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that LOS may become the most potential target of Neisseria gonorrhoeae vaccine and immunotherapy. This article reviewed the structure of LOS, its role in Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, research progress in LOS vaccine and the challenges faced in vaccine development, aiming to provide reference for further study.

The unique characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) could be exploited to develop antitumor nanomedicine strategies. However, in many cases, the actual therapeutic effect is far from reaching our expectations due to the notable tumor heterogeneity. Given the amplified characteristics of TME regulated by vascular disrupting agents (VDAs), nanomedicines may achieve unexpected improved efficacy. Herein, we fabricate platelet membrane-fusogenic liposomes (PML/DP&PPa), namely "platesomes", which actively load the hypoxia-activated pro-prodrug DMG-PR104A (DP) and physically encapsulate the photosensitizer pyropheophorbide a (PPa). Considering the different stages of tumor vascular collapse and shutdown induced by a VDA combretastatin-A4 phosphate (CA4P), PML/DP&PPa is injected 3 h after intraperitoneal administration of CA4P. First, CA4P-mediated tumor hemorrhage amplifies the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect, and the platesome-biological targeting further promotes the tumor accumulation of PML/DP&PPa. Besides, CA4P-induced vascular occlusion inhibits oxygen supply, followed by photodynamic therapy-caused acute tumor hypoxia. This prolonged extreme hypoxia contributes to the complete activation of DP and then high inhibitory effect on tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, such a combining strategy of artificially-regulated TME and bio-inspired platesomes pronouncedly improves tumor drug delivery and boosts tumor hypoxia-selective activation, and provides a preferable solution to high-efficiency cancer therapy.

Objective: To investigate the ameliorative effects of Mushroom on adipose tissue inflammation and glucolipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet, and to provide a theoretical basis for the mechanisms of Mushroom regulating glucolipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. Methods: C57 BL/6 J mice were fed with normal diet(LF) group, high-fat diet(HF)group and high-fat diet + Mushroom(HF+Mushroom) group for 15 weeks.Then, body weight subcutaneous and epididymal white adipose tissue weight were measured. The morphological changes of adipose tissues were compared by HE staining, and the expression of genes related to inflamation, glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation pathways were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results: Compared with the LF group, the HF group had increased body weight, increased subcutaneous and epididymal white fat weight and adipocyte size, and upregulated expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1), CD68, inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), pyruvate kinase(PK), phosphofructokinase(PFK), hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha(PPARα) in adipose tissues, while the expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 A(CPT-1 A), cytochrome P450 4 a10(CYP4 a10) and medium-chain acyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase(MCAD) were downregulated(P<0.05). Compared with the HF group, Mushroom supplementation reduced body weight, adipose tissue weight and adipocyte size, and downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and glycolytic pathway-related factors in adipose tissues, while the expression of fatty acid oxidation pathway-related factors were upregulated(P<0.05). Conclusion Mushroom can ameliorate inflammation and disorders of glycolipid metabolism in adipose tissues of obese mice.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of nerve-containing free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in emergency treatment to repair the severe wound of the upper limb and restore the function of elbow flexion or extension.Methods:Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with upper limb composite tissue defects treated in the Department of Joint Trauma Orthopedics of the Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang from March 2013 to November 2019, all of whom were repaired with nerve-containing free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in an emergency. The patients were followed up for 12-24 months, and the patient’s satisfaction with the myocutaneous flap was investigated by questionnaire. The upper limb motor nerve function was evaluated by the upper limb function evaluation standard of the Chinese Society of Hand Surgery. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score was used to evaluate the effect of elbow repair. At 12 months after the operation, the flexion and extension of the elbow joint on the affected side and the healthy side, and the pronation angle and supination angle of the forearm were measured. Observe the shape and function of the donor area. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences in flexion and extension of the elbow between the affected side and the healthy side and the pronation and supination angles of the forearm. The difference is statistically significant if the P value is less than 0.05. Results:A total of 21 cases were included, including 15 males and 6 females. The age ranged from 18 to 60 years old, with an average of 37 years old. Causes of injury: traffic injury in 14 cases, machine injury in 7 cases. All of them were severe composite tissue defects of the upper limb, accompanied by elbow flexion or elbow extension function damage. The area of soft tissue defect is 15 cm × 6 cm-33 cm × 12 cm, and the area of the myocutaneous flap is 17 cm × 8 cm-35 cm × 15 cm. Time from injury to operation: 2-5 h. All the myocutaneous flaps of 21 patients survived. The patients were followed up for 12-24 months. The satisfaction rate of patients with myocutaneous flap healing was 100%(21/21); the satisfaction rate of morphology was 100% (21/21); the satisfaction rate of temperature was 90.48% (19/21); the satisfaction rate of sensation was 85.71%(18/21); the satisfaction rate of function was 95.24% (20/21). Motor nerve function examination and evaluation grading, 12 cases M3+ , 8 cases M3, and 1 case M2. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score, excellent in 11 cases, good in 8 cases, fair in 2 cases. Twelve months after the operation, the elbow flexion, extension, forearm pronation angle, and supination angle of the affected side and the healthy side were compared (134.73°±7.41°, 6.28°±2.16°, 78.59°±3.72°, 79.28°±3.59° respectively for the affected side and 139.37°±9.13°, 5.91°±1.95°, 80.26°±3.94°, 81.02°±3.81° for the healthy side). There was no statistical significance between the data ( t=1.81, 0.58, 1.41, 1.52; P=0.078, 0.563, 0.166, 0.136). There was no obvious scar contracture in the skin grafting area of the donor area, and there was no significant effect on the shape and function. Conclusions:Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap for emergency repair of severe tissue defects of the upper limb not only covers the defect wound but also reconstructs the function of the affected limb. It has the advantage that other myocutaneous flaps cannot replace and effectively shortens the recovery cycle of patients. It is one of the effective method for emergency repair of severe trauma of the upper limb with elbow function injury.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of nerve-containing free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in emergency treatment to repair the severe wound of the upper limb and restore the function of elbow flexion or extension.Methods:Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with upper limb composite tissue defects treated in the Department of Joint Trauma Orthopedics of the Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang from March 2013 to November 2019, all of whom were repaired with nerve-containing free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in an emergency. The patients were followed up for 12-24 months, and the patient’s satisfaction with the myocutaneous flap was investigated by questionnaire. The upper limb motor nerve function was evaluated by the upper limb function evaluation standard of the Chinese Society of Hand Surgery. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score was used to evaluate the effect of elbow repair. At 12 months after the operation, the flexion and extension of the elbow joint on the affected side and the healthy side, and the pronation angle and supination angle of the forearm were measured. Observe the shape and function of the donor area. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences in flexion and extension of the elbow between the affected side and the healthy side and the pronation and supination angles of the forearm. The difference is statistically significant if the P value is less than 0.05. Results:A total of 21 cases were included, including 15 males and 6 females. The age ranged from 18 to 60 years old, with an average of 37 years old. Causes of injury: traffic injury in 14 cases, machine injury in 7 cases. All of them were severe composite tissue defects of the upper limb, accompanied by elbow flexion or elbow extension function damage. The area of soft tissue defect is 15 cm × 6 cm-33 cm × 12 cm, and the area of the myocutaneous flap is 17 cm × 8 cm-35 cm × 15 cm. Time from injury to operation: 2-5 h. All the myocutaneous flaps of 21 patients survived. The patients were followed up for 12-24 months. The satisfaction rate of patients with myocutaneous flap healing was 100%(21/21); the satisfaction rate of morphology was 100% (21/21); the satisfaction rate of temperature was 90.48% (19/21); the satisfaction rate of sensation was 85.71%(18/21); the satisfaction rate of function was 95.24% (20/21). Motor nerve function examination and evaluation grading, 12 cases M3+ , 8 cases M3, and 1 case M2. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score, excellent in 11 cases, good in 8 cases, fair in 2 cases. Twelve months after the operation, the elbow flexion, extension, forearm pronation angle, and supination angle of the affected side and the healthy side were compared (134.73°±7.41°, 6.28°±2.16°, 78.59°±3.72°, 79.28°±3.59° respectively for the affected side and 139.37°±9.13°, 5.91°±1.95°, 80.26°±3.94°, 81.02°±3.81° for the healthy side). There was no statistical significance between the data ( t=1.81, 0.58, 1.41, 1.52; P=0.078, 0.563, 0.166, 0.136). There was no obvious scar contracture in the skin grafting area of the donor area, and there was no significant effect on the shape and function. Conclusions:Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap for emergency repair of severe tissue defects of the upper limb not only covers the defect wound but also reconstructs the function of the affected limb. It has the advantage that other myocutaneous flaps cannot replace and effectively shortens the recovery cycle of patients. It is one of the effective method for emergency repair of severe trauma of the upper limb with elbow function injury.

Objective:To explore the reproducibility of ultrasound measurements of children′s anterior, middle and posterior diaphragm motions.Methods:Thirty children admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit were positioned supine and a 5MHz ultrasound probe was placed over the intersection of their right midclavicular line with the costal margin. M-mode ultrasound was used to record the excursion and contraction velocity of the anterior, middle and posterior diaphragm during respiration. The observations were duplicated so the repeatability of the measurements could be evaluated using intra-group correlation coefficients calculated for the diaphragm excursions and the contraction velocities. Analysis of variance was used to explore the differences in excursion and contraction velocity among different parts of the diaphragm.Results:The intra-group correlation coefficients calculated for the anterior, middle and posterior diaphragm were 0.89, 0.95 and 0.90 respectively. The corresponding values for the contraction velocities were 0.90, 0.94 and 0.95 respectively. Both variables measured by ultrasound showed high repeatability. The average anterior, middle and posterior diaphragm excursion values (in mm) were 8.1±3.1, 7.4±3.0 and 5.5±2.3, and the corresponding average contraction velocities (in mm/s) were 12.5±4.8, 11.5±6.3 and 8.9±4.0.Conclusions:Measurements of children′s diaphragm motions using ultrasound show high repeatability. The excursions and contraction velocities of the anterior, middle and posterior diaphragm differ in children. The motion of one part of the diaphragm cannot represent the functioning of the entire diaphragm.