The ICR(Institute of Cancer Research)mouse infection model was constructed to study the pathogenicity of Sal-monella Telelkebir serotype,and the pathogenic identification of mouse isolates was carried out.Observe the bacterial excretion cycle,evaluate the pathogenicity of Salmonella serotype to mice,and calculate the LD50 by the changes in clinical characteris-tics,histopathology and tissue bacterial load of infected mice;by flight mass spectrometry,biochemical identification,serotype identification,molecular typing and other experiments,compared with human isolates;virulence gene analysis was carried out by PCR experiment and whole genome sequencing.The LD50 of Salmonella Telelkebir is 2.67 × 108 CFU/mL;curling and fluffing may occur 0.5 h after infection;autopsy of dead mice showed that the small intestine was severely congested,with more bubbles and fluid accumulation,cecal necrosis,liver apical degeneration and necrosis,necrotic foci on the surface of the kidney and spleen atrophy;the bacterial load of spleen,kidney,lung,liver and jejunum in mice reached its peak at 3 days after infection,while that of heart at 6 days;the bacterial excretion time of the high-dose group exceeded 100 days;The level of CD3 in tissues increased with increasing dose,with inflammatory cell infiltration,myocardial capillary dilation and hyperemia,large area of vacuoles,degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes,obvious enlargement of splenic sinus,blurred zoning,thickening of glomerular basement membrane,partial exfoliation of ciliated epithelium,atrophy and exfoliation of jejunal villi;PCR and whole genome sequencing revealed Salmonella-related virulence genes such as cdtB,plt A and pltB.This study was the first to successfully establish the ICR mouse model of Salmonella Telelkebir,demonstrating that this serotype of Salmonella has some pathogenicity.

Objective·To explore the effect of a prehospital multimodal prehabilitation program on the preoperative functional status and postoperative recovery of patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors.Methods·A total of 78 patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumors,hospitalized in Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from June to December 2023,were enrolled.They were divided into the standard group(SD group,n=40)and the prehospital multimodal prehabilitation group(PMP group,n=38)by using random number table.From the time the operation was agreed upon by both the doctor and patient to the day before the operation,the SD group followed the routine preoperative guidance,while the PMP group received a home-based prehospital multimodal prehabilitation program.The general data of patients were collected,and the six-minute walk distance(6MWD)was compared between the two groups at baseline and on the day before operation.The length of postoperative hospitalization,time to first flatus,time to first ambulation,time to first oral intake,drainage removal time and postoperative complication rate were also compared between the two groups.Results·There was no difference in general data and duration of preoperative intervention of patients between the two groups.At baseline,there was no significant difference in 6MWD between the two groups.On the day before operation,the 6MWD in the PMP group was higher than that in the SD group(P=0.016).Changes in 6MWD in the PMP group were significantly higher compared to SD group during the preoperative period,with values of(23.42±13.59)m vs.(-3.75±12.08)m(P＜0.001).Time to first flatus,time to first ambulation and time to first oral intake in the PMP group were earlier than those in the SD group(P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference in drainage removal time,postoperative hospitalization and postoperative complication rate between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion·Prehospital multimodal prehabilitation can improve the preoperative function and accelerate the postoperative recovery in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.

Background/Aims: Despite the high efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), approximately 1–3% of hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients fail to achieve a sustained virological response. We conducted a nationwide study to investigate risk factors associated with DAA treatment failure. Machine-learning algorithms have been applied to discriminate subjects who may fail to respond to DAA therapy. Methods: We analyzed the Taiwan HCV Registry Program database to explore predictors of DAA failure in HCV patients. Fifty-five host and virological features were assessed using multivariate logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and artificial neural network. The primary outcome was undetectable HCV RNA at 12 weeks after the end of treatment. Results: The training (n=23,955) and validation (n=10,346) datasets had similar baseline demographics, with an overall DAA failure rate of 1.6% (n=538). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, poor DAA adherence, and higher hemoglobin A1c were significantly associated with virological failure. XGBoost outperformed the other algorithms and logistic regression models, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 1.000 in the training dataset and 0.803 in the validation dataset. The top five predictors of treatment failure were HCV RNA, body mass index, α-fetoprotein, platelets, and FIB-4 index. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the XGBoost model (cutoff value=0.5) were 99.5%, 69.7%, 99.9%, 97.4%, and 99.5%, respectively, for the entire dataset. Conclusions Machine learning algorithms effectively provide risk stratification for DAA failure and additional information on the factors associated with DAA failure.

OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical efficacy of platelet rich plasma (PRP) injection combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in treating osteochondral lesion of talus (OLT) with typeⅡa. METHODS: From January 2022 to June 2022, 45 patients with typeⅡa OLT were treated with PRP arthroscopic injection combined with ESWT, including 29 males and 16 females; aged from 18 to 63 years old with an average of(37.7±10.3) years old;the courses of disease ranged from 6 to 20 with an average of (13.3±4.8) months. American Foot and Ankle Association ankle and foot (AOFAS) score, visual analogue scale (VAS), cartilage injury volume and bone marrow edema volume were evaluated for ankle joint function and osteochondral recovery of talus before treatment, 3 and 6 months after treatment. RESULTS: All patients were followed for at least 6 months. No related complications occurred in all patients. AOFAS score were increased from(68.3±3.6) before treatment to (83.7±3.2) and (90.8±2.2) at 3 and 6 months after treatment, respectively (P<0.05). VAS decreased from (5.2±1.2) before treatment to (3.2±0.8) and (1.9±1.2) at 3 and 6 months after treatment (P<0.05). The injury volume of cartilage and subchondral bone decreased from (71.0±42.5) mm³ before treatment to (50.6±31.5) mm³ and (36.5±27.3) mm³ at 3 and 6 months after treatment (P<0.05). The bone marrow edema volume decreased from (1 182.7±675.1) mm³ before treatment to (656.1±455.1) mm³ and (382.1±485.6) mm³ at 3 and 6 months after treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PRP intraarticular injection combined with ESWT for the treatment of typeⅡa OLT could alleviate clinical symptoms, effectively improve joint function, and promote cartilage repair and bone marrow edema absorption.
Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Talus/injuries* ; Platelet-Rich Plasma ; Middle Aged ; Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy/methods* ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Injections, Intra-Articular

The cerebellum is heavily connected with other brain regions, sub-serving not only motor but also nonmotor functions. Genetic mutations leading to cerebellar dysfunction are associated with mental diseases, but cerebellar outputs have not been systematically studied in this context. Here, we present three dimensional distributions of 50,168 target neurons of cerebellar nuclei (CN) from wild-type mice and Nlgn3R451C mutant mice, a mouse model for autism. Our results derived from 36 target nuclei show that the projections from CN to thalamus, midbrain and brainstem are differentially affected by Nlgn3R451C mutation. Importantly, Nlgn3R451C mutation altered the innervation power of CN→zona incerta (ZI) pathway, and chemogenetic inhibition of a neuronal subpopulation in the ZI that receives inputs from the CN rescues social defects in Nlgn3R451C mice. Our study highlights potential role of cerebellar outputs in the pathogenesis of autism and provides potential new therapeutic strategy for this disease.
Animals ; Mice ; Disease Models, Animal ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Autistic Disorder/pathology* ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism* ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal

Objective:To identify the influencing factors affecting the cosmetic facial injection treatments for cosmetic patients.Methods:Based on the purposeful sampling principle with maximum diversity and data saturation principle, patients who underwent facial injection cosmetic surgery in Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from June to September 2022 were selected for cross-sectional study. The qualitative study method was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with patients and collect data. After the interview, the 7-step analysis method of Colaizzi phenomenological data was used to extract the topic concepts.Results:A total of 16 patients were included, and their influencing factors for medical treatment could be divided into 5 related topics: (1) age-related; (2) occupation-related; (3) surrounding social-environment-related; (4) social media platforms contacted; (5) experience of negative appearance evaluation during adolescence.Conclusion:Many factors affect the treatment of injection patients. In the course of medical treatment, the influencing factors should be identified accurately, so as to guide patients to seek medical treatment scientifically.

Objective:To identify the influencing factors affecting the cosmetic facial injection treatments for cosmetic patients.Methods:Based on the purposeful sampling principle with maximum diversity and data saturation principle, patients who underwent facial injection cosmetic surgery in Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from June to September 2022 were selected for cross-sectional study. The qualitative study method was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with patients and collect data. After the interview, the 7-step analysis method of Colaizzi phenomenological data was used to extract the topic concepts.Results:A total of 16 patients were included, and their influencing factors for medical treatment could be divided into 5 related topics: (1) age-related; (2) occupation-related; (3) surrounding social-environment-related; (4) social media platforms contacted; (5) experience of negative appearance evaluation during adolescence.Conclusion:Many factors affect the treatment of injection patients. In the course of medical treatment, the influencing factors should be identified accurately, so as to guide patients to seek medical treatment scientifically.

As a recognized rare and highly fatal disease, hereditary angioedema (HAE) is difficult to diagnose and characterized by recurrent edema involving the head, limbs, genitals and larynx, etc. Diagnosis of HAE is not difficult. However, low incidence and lack of clinical characteristics lead to difficulty of doctors on timely diagnosis and correct intervention for HAE patients. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the awareness of this disease and prevent its recurrence. for HAE patients. In view of absent cognition of doctors and the general public on HAE, patients often suffer from sudden death or become disabled due to laryngeal edema which cannot be treated in time. Thus, based on the Internet mobile terminal platform, the team set up an all-day rapid emergency response system which is provided for HAE patients by setting up "one-click help". The aim is to offer optimization on overall management of HAE and designed the intelligent follow-up management to provide timely assistance and specialized suggestion for patients with acute attacks.
Humans ; Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy*

Allergic diseases affect about 40% of the world's population. Environmental factors are important in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. Dust mites are one of the most important allergens in the indoor environment. The World Health Organization proposes the "four-in-one, combination of prevention and treatment" treatment principle for allergic diseases, in which environmental control to avoid or reduce allergens is the first choice for treatment. Modern people spend much more time at home (including sleeping) than outdoors, and the control of the home environment is particularly critical. This practice introduces the hypoallergenic home visit program, which including home environment assessment, environmental and behavioral intervention guidance, and common household hypoallergenic supplies and service guidance for the patient's home environment. The real-time semi-quantitative testing of dust mite allergens, qualitative assessments of other indoor allergens, record of patients' household items and lifestyle, and precise, individualized patient prevention and control education will be conducted. The hypoallergenic home visit program improves the doctors' diagnosis and treatment data dimension, and becomes a patient management tool for doctors outside the hospital. It also helps patients continue to scientifically avoid allergens and irritants in the environment, effectively build a hypoallergenic home environment, reduce exposure to allergens in the home environment, and achieve the goal of combining the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Humans ; Hospitals ; Life Style ; Sleep

As a recognized rare and highly fatal disease, hereditary angioedema (HAE) is difficult to diagnose and characterized by recurrent edema involving the head, limbs, genitals and larynx, etc. Diagnosis of HAE is not difficult. However, low incidence and lack of clinical characteristics lead to difficulty of doctors on timely diagnosis and correct intervention for HAE patients. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the awareness of this disease and prevent its recurrence. for HAE patients. In view of absent cognition of doctors and the general public on HAE, patients often suffer from sudden death or become disabled due to laryngeal edema which cannot be treated in time. Thus, based on the Internet mobile terminal platform, the team set up an all-day rapid emergency response system which is provided for HAE patients by setting up "one-click help". The aim is to offer optimization on overall management of HAE and designed the intelligent follow-up management to provide timely assistance and specialized suggestion for patients with acute attacks.
Humans ; Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy*