In response to the clinical needs of cancer treatment and rehabilitation, Professor Lin Hongsheng proposed the Wuzhi Wuyang (five treatments and rehabilitation) concept on the basis of years of clinical experience and the Guben Qingyuan (consolidate the foundation and clear the source) theory. Wuzhi Wuyang emphasizes the importance of treatment and rehabilitation and aims to provide personalized and stage-specific treatment and rehabilitation plans by integrating the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern medicine to achieve comprehensive life-cycle management for patients with cancer. The proposal of Wuzhi Wuyang has provided new ideas and methods for the treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of cancer, along with valuable references for clinical practice and academic research. This article summarizes the connotation of Wuzhi Wuyang and its application in the comprehensive management of cancer prevention and treatment with TCM.

Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Objective : To investigate the antidepressant effects and the underlying mechanisms of tetrahydrocurcumin(THC) and its nanoparticle formulation(THCN). Methods : Forty-six male ICR mice were randomly divided into Con group, LPS group, THC group, THCN group and SER group. A mouse depression model was established by intraperitoneal administration of LPS. The anxiety and depression-like behaviors of mice were evaluated by open field test(OFT) and forced swimming test(FST). Myelin staining was applied to assess the extent of demyelination in the prefrontal cortex of the mice. The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were further examined for the expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) and Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) through quantitative immunofluorescence assays. Results : Compared with the Con group, the LPS group showed increased anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors in both the long-term and short-term experiments(P<0.05); the degree of demyelination increased in the LPS group of the long-term experiment(P<0.01); the expression of GFAP was reduced in the LPS group of the short-term experiment(P<0.01), while the expression of TLR4 increased(P<0.05); the expression of TLR4 decreased in the THC group(P<0.01); the expression of GFAP in the prefrontal cortex of the THCN group was reduced(P<0.01), while the expression of TLR4 increased(P<0.05). Compared with the LPS group, the THC group showed reduced depressive-like behaviors in the long-term experiment(P<0.05), while the anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors of the THCN group and the SER group were reduced(P<0.05), and the anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors of the THC group and the THCN group were reduced in the short-term experiment(P<0.05); the degree of demyelination was reduced in the THC group, THCN group and SER group in the long-term experiment(P<0.05); the expression of GFAP increased in the THC group of the short-term experiment(P<0.05), while the expression of TLR4 was reduced(P<0.05), and the expression of GFAP increased in the THCN group(P<0.05). Compared with the THC group, the THCN group and the SER group showed reduced anxiety-like behaviors in the long-term experiment(P<0.05); the expression of GFAP in the prefrontal cortex of the THCN group was reduced in the short-term experiment(P<0.05), while the expression of TLR4 in the hippocampal DG area increased in the short-term experiment(P<0.01). Conclusion Tetrahydrocurcumin and its nanoparticle formulation both exert significant ameliorative effects on depression-like behaviors and demyelination in mice induced by lipopolysaccharide. The antidepressant mechanism of THC appears to be mediated through the down-regulation of TLR4 and the up-regulation of GFAP. The mechanism underlying the antidepressant action of THCN seems predominantly focused on the enhancement of GFAP expression.

BackgroundDementia seriously affects the quality of life and lifespan of elderly people， with Alzheimer's disease （AD） being the most common type of dementia. Previous studies have suggested that gout may reduce the risk of developing AD， but the causal relationship between the two still requires further research. ObjectiveTo investigate the potential causal relationship between gout and AD through a two-sample Mendelian randomization （MR） analysis， so as to provide references for the prevention and treatment of AD. MethodsData from Genome-Wide Association Studies （GWAS） extracted in 2024 were analyzed， using pooled data on gout （6 810 cases in the case group and 477 788 cases in the control group） published by UK Biobank in 2021 as the exposure variable， and data on AD （3 899 cases in the case group and 214 893 cases in the control group） published by FinnGen in the same year as the outcome variable. The inverse-variance weighted， MR-Egger regression， weighted median estimation， simple model and weighted model were used to analyze the potential causal relationship between gout and AD. Pleiotropic effects were assessed using MR-Egger regression. Heterogeneity assessment was conducted using Cochran's Q test. The leave-one-out analysis was carried out for sensitivity analysis. And a funnel plot was drawn to detect potential publication bias. ResultsThe inverse-variance weighted analysis demonstrated a negative causal relationship between gout and AD （OR=0.004， 95% CI： 0~0.700， P<0.05）. The plot resembled a symmetrical inversed funnel， indicating the absence of publication bias. No heterogeneity was detected by Cochran's Q test. The MR-Egger regression indicated no significant horizontal pleiotropy. Concerning the reverse directions， no significant associations between AD and gout were noted. ConclusionThere is a negative causal relationship between gout and AD， with gout potentially reducing the risk of developing AD. ［Funded by The Third Batch of Social Welfare and Basic Research Projects （Medical and Health） of Zhongshan City in 2022 （number， 2022B3017）］

Bone and mineral metabolism in the human body undergoes significant adaptations during pregnancy and lactation to meet the physiological demands of both the mother and fetus. The growing fetus requires approx imately 30 g of calcium, with 80% of this transferred from the mother during the third trimester. These adap tations involve complex hormonal changes, such as increased parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, ensuring the mother maintains calcium balance despite fetal demands. However, these changes can also exacerbate pre-existing metabolic bone disorders, presenting unique challenges during preg nancy. This narrative review, framed around illustrative case examples, focuses on the management of metabolic bone disorders in pregnancy. Relevant case studies of hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder are reviewed to illustrate the biochemical changes, clinical implications, and therapeutic strategies available during pregnancy and lactation. We analyze literature from case reports and existing guidelines to provide practical clinical recommendations. The review highlights critical pregnancy-related metabolic adaptations, such as increased intestinal calcium absorption and skeletal resorption. Disorders like primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and familial hypocalciuric hypercalce mia present significant maternal and fetal risks, including miscarriage, growth restriction, and neonatal com plications. Early identification and tailored treatment, including hydration, parathyroidectomy, and vitamin D supplementation, mitigate these risks, with surgical interventions in PHPT improving pregnancy outcomes compared to conservative management. Management of metabolic bone disorders during pregnancy and lacta tion requires a nuanced approach to meet the dual needs of the mother and fetus.

Bone and mineral metabolism in the human body undergoes significant adaptations during pregnancy and lactation to meet the physiological demands of both the mother and fetus. The growing fetus requires approx imately 30 g of calcium, with 80% of this transferred from the mother during the third trimester. These adap tations involve complex hormonal changes, such as increased parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, ensuring the mother maintains calcium balance despite fetal demands. However, these changes can also exacerbate pre-existing metabolic bone disorders, presenting unique challenges during preg nancy. This narrative review, framed around illustrative case examples, focuses on the management of metabolic bone disorders in pregnancy. Relevant case studies of hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder are reviewed to illustrate the biochemical changes, clinical implications, and therapeutic strategies available during pregnancy and lactation. We analyze literature from case reports and existing guidelines to provide practical clinical recommendations. The review highlights critical pregnancy-related metabolic adaptations, such as increased intestinal calcium absorption and skeletal resorption. Disorders like primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and familial hypocalciuric hypercalce mia present significant maternal and fetal risks, including miscarriage, growth restriction, and neonatal com plications. Early identification and tailored treatment, including hydration, parathyroidectomy, and vitamin D supplementation, mitigate these risks, with surgical interventions in PHPT improving pregnancy outcomes compared to conservative management. Management of metabolic bone disorders during pregnancy and lacta tion requires a nuanced approach to meet the dual needs of the mother and fetus.

Bone and mineral metabolism in the human body undergoes significant adaptations during pregnancy and lactation to meet the physiological demands of both the mother and fetus. The growing fetus requires approx imately 30 g of calcium, with 80% of this transferred from the mother during the third trimester. These adap tations involve complex hormonal changes, such as increased parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, ensuring the mother maintains calcium balance despite fetal demands. However, these changes can also exacerbate pre-existing metabolic bone disorders, presenting unique challenges during preg nancy. This narrative review, framed around illustrative case examples, focuses on the management of metabolic bone disorders in pregnancy. Relevant case studies of hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder are reviewed to illustrate the biochemical changes, clinical implications, and therapeutic strategies available during pregnancy and lactation. We analyze literature from case reports and existing guidelines to provide practical clinical recommendations. The review highlights critical pregnancy-related metabolic adaptations, such as increased intestinal calcium absorption and skeletal resorption. Disorders like primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and familial hypocalciuric hypercalce mia present significant maternal and fetal risks, including miscarriage, growth restriction, and neonatal com plications. Early identification and tailored treatment, including hydration, parathyroidectomy, and vitamin D supplementation, mitigate these risks, with surgical interventions in PHPT improving pregnancy outcomes compared to conservative management. Management of metabolic bone disorders during pregnancy and lacta tion requires a nuanced approach to meet the dual needs of the mother and fetus.

The sternalis muscle is a rare supernumerary muscle representing a normal anatomical variant in the anterior thoracic musculature. Due to wide variation in its morphology and relative unfamiliarity among radiologists, it has been implicated in the misdiagnosis of breast masses on mammography. A 23-year-old male with no significant medical history was referred to our institution for further management of painless bilateral breast enlargement since adolescence. Physical examination revealed breasts of slightly prominent size but there was no palpable breast lump. Mammography work-up found symmetrical, well-defined soft tissue masses projected over the posteromedial aspect of both breasts. Imaging findings were consistent with bilateral sternalis muscles, unusually hypertrophic in size due to intense upper body weight training by the patient. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the usual and unusual presentations of the sternalis muscles on mammography to avoid any unnecessary work-up.

The sternalis muscle is a rare supernumerary muscle representing a normal anatomical variant in the anterior thoracic musculature. Due to wide variation in its morphology and relative unfamiliarity among radiologists, it has been implicated in the misdiagnosis of breast masses on mammography. A 23-year-old male with no significant medical history was referred to our institution for further management of painless bilateral breast enlargement since adolescence. Physical examination revealed breasts of slightly prominent size but there was no palpable breast lump. Mammography work-up found symmetrical, well-defined soft tissue masses projected over the posteromedial aspect of both breasts. Imaging findings were consistent with bilateral sternalis muscles, unusually hypertrophic in size due to intense upper body weight training by the patient. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the usual and unusual presentations of the sternalis muscles on mammography to avoid any unnecessary work-up.