ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of three screening questionnaires for COPD in the community residents of Songjiang District， Shanghai， and to provide a basis for selecting COPD screening questionnaire and process that are more suitable. MethodsCommunity residents aged 40 years or over were randomly selected from the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank for the study with screening questionnaires and spirometry. Questionnaires included the COPD screening questionnaire （COPD-SQ）， the COPD population screener （COPD-PS） and the revised COPD diagnostic questionnaire （revised-CDQ）. Evaluation of the efficacy of these questionnaires was based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve （AUC） of the subjects. DeLong test was used to compare the accuracy of different questionnaires； Z test was used to compare the accuracy of different cut-off values for the same questionnaire. ResultsAmong 3 184 community residents， a total of 259 （8.1%） COPD patients were screened by spirometry. AUC values of these 3 screening questionnaires were >0.7 indicating that they were reliable COPD screening tools. The sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaires at the recommended cut-off values were COPD-SQ （63.7% and 72.2%）， COPD-PS （12.0% and 96.1%）， and revised CDQ （78.8% and 52.7%）， with the COPD-SQ having the highest screening accuracy （AUC=0.754）. The optimal and recommended cut-off values for the three questionnaires differed in this population， but the difference in accuracy was statistically significant only for COPD-PS. The optimal cut-off values for the three questionnaires differed between male and female， and the sensitivity and accuracy of COPD-SQ and COPD-PS improved when lower cut-off values were used for women. The AUC was greater when two questionnaires were utilized simultaneously for screening， but the differences were not statistically significant. ConclusionThe COPD-SQ is recommended for primary COPD screening； a lower cut-off value for women should be considered. The COPD screening questionnaire needs to be further improved for the early diagnosis and treatment of COPD patients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of diabetes mellitus among community population in Songjiang District of Shanghai， and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus. MethodsBased on the baseline data of the Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort （2016‒2017） and local medication database， the prevalence of diabetes in the cohort was described， and the influencing factors for the prevalence of diabetes in different genders were analyzed. ResultsAmong 35 928 participants， males accounted for 40.57%， and the median age was 58 years old. There were 5 342 diabetic patients with a crude prevalence rate of 14.87% and the standardized prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus was 7.57%. The prevalence rate of diabetes in males （15.81%） was significantly higher than that in females （14.23%， P<0.001）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were associated with high risk of diabetes mellitus in males： 40‒59 age group （OR=7.111，95%CI：4.900‒10.320）， 60‒74 age group （OR=8.994，95%CI：6.154‒13.144）， family history of diabetes （OR=3.369，95%CI：2.963‒3.83）， overweight （OR=1.272，95%CI：1.123‒1.439）， obesity （OR=1.912，95%CI：1.623‒2.252）， hypertension （OR=1.685，95%CI：1.512‒1.877）， and dyslipidemia （OR=1.396，95%CI：1.263‒1.542）. In females， the high risk of diabetes was associated with： 40‒59 age group （OR=2.718，95%CI：1.838‒4.02）， 60‒74 age group （OR=3.517，95%CI：2.34‒5.286）， family history of diabetes （OR=3.071，95%CI：2.761‒3.416）， overweight （OR=1.254，95%CI：1.125‒1.398）， obesity （OR=2.018，95%CI：1.764‒2.308）， central obesity （OR=1.515，95%CI：1.357‒1.692）， hypertension （OR=2.128，95%CI：1.929‒2.347）， dyslipidemia （OR=1.506，95%CI：1.379‒1.644）， exercise （OR=1.241，95%CI：1.137‒1.355）， and menopause （OR=1.967，95%CI：1.693‒2.286）. ConclusionThe prevalence rate of diabetes is high in Shanghai， and the related factors are different in different gender groups.

Objective:To explore whether left ventricular interstitial fibrosis is associated with left atrial enlargement and left atrial dysfunction in patients of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM) with preserved ejection fraction.Methods:From October 2018 to September 2021, 59 HCM including 30 with enlarged maximal left artrial volume index (LAVI max), 29 with normal LAVI max and 28 age-and gender-matched controls were retrospectively enrolled. Imaging protocol included cine sequence, late gadolinium enhancement and T 1 mapping.The relationships between left ventricular mass index (LVMI), quantitative myocardial fibrosis and left atrial-related indexes were analyzed. One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc correction or Kruskal-Wallis was performed for continuous variables. Categorical variables were assessed using the Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test. Pearson or Spearman analysis was used for linear or monotonic nonlinear correlations. Results:The left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, left ventricular end-systolic volume index, left ventricular cardiac output and LVMI of HCM with enlarged LAVI max group were higher than HCM with normal LAVI max group and control group( P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that LVMI correlated positively with LAVI max( r=0.780, P<0.001) and minimal left artrial volume index (LAVI min) ( r=0.816, P<0.001), extracellular volume correlated positively with LAVI max( r=0.462, P<0.001) and LAVI min( r=0.483, P<0.001),%LGE was correlated positively with LAVI max( r=0.311, P<0.05) and LAVI min( r=0.327, P<0.05),left ventricular index interstitial volume was correlated negatively with left atrial ejection fraction of reservoir ( r=-0.669, P<0.001),left atrial ejection fraction of conduit ( r=-0.472, P<0.001),left atrial ejection fraction of pump ( r=-0.518, P<0.001)and left atrial expansion index( r=-0.626, P<0.001). Conclusion:There is association between LVMI and fibrosis and left atrial enlargement and phases dysfunction in HCM with preserved ejection fraction.

Objective:To measure the skin color parameters of Chinese women with non-invasive instruments test, and to validate assessment scales (VAS) and image analysis. Skin tone index (STI) of Chinese women was created by PLS-VIP method, and then used to the overall evaluation of Chinese women skin color.Methods:The skin color scale by VAS, parameters measured by tristumulus colorimeter, narrow-band-simple reflectance meter and image analysis were administered at the cheek of 60 famle subjects. The correlations among all the parameters collected by the instruments and scales by VAS were investigated, and then the main impact factors of skin color grade were analyzed. The STI model was created by principal component analysis and further tested.Results:With b value exception, skin color score was significantly correlated with the instrument parameters. The absolute values of coefficients were from 0.6898 to 0.8648. Int, L, BS, MI and EI were the most important parameters which influenced the consumer＇s perception of skin visual color. The SWI=0.47*Int+ 0.47*L+ 0.43*BS-0.44MI-0.43EI was created by PLS-VIP. The coefficient between SWI and skin color scale was -0.834 ( P<0.0001). Conclusions:STI could be effectively and comprehensively representative of the degree of skin color change.

After the application of Altmetrics in medical library and its development in China and foreign countries were described, the author pointed out that Altmetrics can help medical library to perfect its collection structure, improve its reader service, strengthen its connection with users, and bring a new direction for medical library and biomedical researchers to improve their impact.

Objective To investigate the applicability of clinical grade and a non-contact measurement method in evaluation of underneath eye wrinkles and to compare two methods.Methods A lot of 46 healthy Chinese women were recruited for this study.Underneath eye wrinkles severity was evaluated using clinical grade and a non-contact measurement method.The correlations were calculated for clinical grade and non-contact measurement parameters and age.The non-contact measurement parameters were classified by factor analysis.The correlations between age,clinical grade and factors were analyzed.Results The correlation coefficient between clinical grade in comparison to subject's age was 0.818.The parameters getting from non contact measurement were obviously correlated with age and clinical grade except SEr and SEsc;the correlation coefficients between parameters and age were-0.601 to 0.605;the correlation cofficients between parameters and clinical grade were-0.630 to 0.570.The non-contact measurement parameters could be classified into two factors;one represented wrinkle depth and roughness;the other represented wrinkle width and counts.These two factors were also obviously correlated with age and clinical grade.Conclusions Clinical grade and non contact measurement methods are both applicable in evaluation of underneath eye wrinkles.The parameters getting from two methods are obviously correlated with each other.

Objective To investigate the effects of active vitamin D (VD) on the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathies (DN) rats and to explore the impact of TREM-1 on adhesion and migration capacity of macrophage.Methods DN rat models were established by streptozotocin.Rats were randomly distributed into four groups:control (NC) group,VD group,DN group and DN+VD group (DN rats with 0.1 μg · kg-1 · d-1 calcitriol by garages).Rats were sacrificed respectively at 8 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment.Pathological changes in kidney tissue were detected and the expressions of CD68 and TREM-1 were acquired by immunohistochemistry stain and Western blotting.In vitro,RAW264.7 cells were divided into NC group,VD group,high glucose (HG) group and HG+VD group.In HG+VD group rats were treated by high glucose with 10-8 mol/L 1,25(OH)2D3.TREM-1 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry stain and Western blotting,and the ability of macrophage in migration and adhesion was evaluated by Transwell migration assay and adhesion assay.TREM-1 siRNA was transferred to silence TREM-1 expression,while plasmid of TREM-1 was transferred for high expression.Their ability of adhesion and migration in macrophage and the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 were examined.Results (1) Compared with the NC group,the expressions of CD68 and TREM-1 were increased in DN group (P ＜ 0.05),whereas markedly decreased in DN+VD group (P ＜ 0.05).(2) The number of adhesion and migration cells,and the expression of TREM-1 protein in macrophage were obviously increased in HG group as compared with those in NC group (all P ＜ 0.05);whereas above changes were markedly decreased in HG+VD group than those in HG group (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The number of adhesion and migrated macrophage was reduced after TREM-1 siRNA intervention (all P ＜ 0.05).VD could significantly decrease the effect of high glucose on adhesion and migrated macrophages after TREM-1 siRNA (all P ＜ 0.05).(4) Adhesion and migration of macrophage were increased via TREM-1 overexpression (all P ＜ 0.05),but the effects of VD on high glucose-induced adhesion and migration of macrophage were disappeared.Conclusions VD can suppress the adhesion and migration of macrophage via reducing the expression of TREM-1,and inhibit infiltration of macrophage in renal tissue of DN rats.

Objective To study the value of multiphasic contrast-enhanced 3.0T MRI in the preoperative assessment of resectability in pancreatic cancer.Methods 38 patients with pancreatic cancer proved by operation and pathology were performed with multiphasic contrast-enhanced imaging at 3.0T MRI.The resectability of lesions was judged according to the status of vascular and adjacent organ involvement,lymphadenopathy and distant metastases on MRI images,which were compared with the results of operation.Results Of 38 pancreatic cancer,32 lesions located in the head,4 tumors in the body and 2 lesions in the tail of pancreas.MRI predicted that 1 9 tumors were resectable in which 1 7 lesions were successful resection,the accuracy of the positive predictive value for resectability was 89.5%.19 lesions were predicted to be unresectable by MRI,which were verified by surgery,the positive predictive value for un-resectability was 100%.The primary causes of unresectability contained peripancreatic main vessels involvement,liver metastasis, lymphadenopathy and peritoneal metastasis.Conclusion MRI multiphasic contrast-enhanced imaging has important value in preoper-ative resectability assessment of pancreatic cancer,which provides an useful reference for clinic to select appropriate treatment options.

Objective To investigate the effect of macrophages on podocytes apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy. Methods Differentiated mouse macrophages (RAW264.7) were exposed to normal glucose, high glucose, then the conditioned media (CM) was collected and considered as NC-CM or HG-CM, respectively. Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining were used to detect the specific markers for M1 macrophages (iNOS) and M2 macrophages (MR). ELISA was used to detect the concentration of TNF-α in the CM. Then normal PRMI 1640 media (control), NC-CM or HG-CM was added to podocytes. In some experiments, ROS inhibitors (Tempo), p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580), anti-TNF-α neutralizing antibody, and IgG1 isotype control were respectively added to cells with HG-CM. Besides, recombinant mouse TNF-α alone was applied to incubate podocytes. Podocytes apoptosis was accessed by Annexin V-FITC/PI and Hoechst33342 staining. DCFH-DA staining was used to analyse ROS level. Western blotting was used to detect cleaved casepase-3, p38MAPK, and p-p38MAPK protein. Results Macrophages were activated when exposed to high glucose, displaying pro-inflammatory M1 polarization with higher iNOS and lower MR expression. HG-CM but not NC-CM trigged podocytes apoptosis, up-regulated ROS, cleaved casepase-3 and p-p38MAPK. However, the podocytes apoptosis trigged by HG-CM was abolished by either a ROS inhibitor (Tempo) or a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580). Additionally, TNF-α was increased in the HG-CM. TNF-α protein in macrophage was aslo increased when exposed to high glucose. Anti-TNF-α neutralizing antibody blunted the apoptotic response, excess ROS generation and p-p38 MPAK expression in podocytes induced by HG-CM. Moreover, addition of recombinant TNF-α similarly led to podocytes apoptosis, increased ROS and p38 MPAK expression. Conclusion M1 macrophages activated by high glucose released TNF-α to promote podocytes apoptosis via ROS-p38 MAPK pathway.

Objective To explore the labeling method of rat adipose-derived stromal cells,and observe the stem cell characteristics and the activities of EGFP-positive adipose-derived stromal cells (EGFP-ADSCs) in vitro and in vivo.Methods ADSCs were transfected for 12 h with enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (EGFP) carried by lentivirus(Lv-EGFP) vector at different value of MOI (0,5,10,25,50,100,respectively).The rate of EGFP expression and fluorescence intensity were evaluated by flow cytometric analysis and fluorescence microscopy,and cell viability was detected by MTT-test after transfection.Secondly,cells were exposed either to adipogenic medium or osteogenic medium,then stained with Oil Red O and Alizarin Red S.Cell growth was investigated on frozen longitudinal sections when EGFP-ADSCs were injected into acellular nerves to build tissue-engineered peripheral nerves repairing sciatic nerve defects in rats for 1 week in vivo.Results EGFP-positive rate and fluorescence intensity peak at 4 days after transfection.The rate of EGFP expression was 0.13％,31.09％,75.33％,92.66％,96.70％,98.38％ for MOI =0,1,5,25,50,100,respectively.The positive rate between the experimental group and control (MOI =0) existed significantly difference (P ＜ 0.05) ; the difference between MOI =1,5 groups and MOI =25,50,100 groups were also observed (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in EGFP-positive rate and cell proliferation activity among MOI =25,50,100 groups (P ＞ 0.05).MOI =25 was chosen as best scheme to transfect ADSCs for subsequent experiments.Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation for 20 days,orange calcium deposits,orange-red lipid droplets were seen in EGFP-ADSCs after Alizarin red and oil red O staining.At 1 week in vivo,EGFP-ADSCs evenly distributed and became fusiform on frozen longitudinal sections.Conclusion Lv-EGFP transfection does not affect the ADSCs activity and their osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation,so could be as a tracing method for ADSCs-tissue-engineered peripheral nerves repairing nerve defects.