Objective: Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterized by motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Oculomotor impairments and gait variability have been independently considered as potential markers in HD. However, an integrated analysis of eye movement and gait is lacking. We performed multiple examinations of eye movement and gait variability in HTT mutation carriers, analyzed the consistency between these parameters and clinical severity, and then examined the associations between oculomotor impairments and gait deficits. Methods: We included 7 patients with pre-HD, 30 patients with HD and 30 age-matched controls. We collected demographic data and assessed the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) score. Examinations, including saccades, smooth pursuit tests, and optokinetic (OPK) tests, were performed to evaluate eye movement function. The parameters of gait include stride length, walking velocity, step deviation, step length, and gait phase. Results: HD patients have significant impairments in the latency and velocity of saccades, the gain of smooth pursuit, and the gain and slow phase velocities of OPK tests. Only the speed of saccades significantly differed between pre-HD patients and controls. There are significant impairments in stride length, walking velocity, step length, and gait phase in HD patients. The parameters of eye movement and gait variability in HD patients were consistent with the UHDRS scores. There were significant correlations between eye movement and gait parameters. Conclusion Our results show that eye movement and gait are impaired in HD patients and that the speed of saccades is impaired early in pre-HD. Eye movement and gait abnormalities in HD patients are significantly correlated with clinical disease severity.

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease with severe inflammatory processes associated with numerous gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between NAFLD and IBD and the possible risk factors associated with the diagnosis of IBD. Methods: This longitudinal nationwide cohort study investigated the risk of IBD in patients with NAFLD alone. General characteristics, comorbidities, and incidence of IBD were also compared. Results: Patients diagnosed with NAFLD had a significant risk of developing IBD compared to control individuals, who were associated with a 2.245-fold risk of the diagnosis of IBD and a 2.260- and 2.231-fold of increased diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, respectively (P< 0.001). The cumulative risk of IBD increased annually during the follow-up of patients with NAFLD (P< 0.001). Conclusions Our results emphasize that NAFLD significantly impacts its incidence in patients with NAFLD. If patients with NAFLD present with risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, these conditions should be properly treated with regular follow-ups. Furthermore, we believe that these causes may be associated with the second peak of IBD.

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease with severe inflammatory processes associated with numerous gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between NAFLD and IBD and the possible risk factors associated with the diagnosis of IBD. Methods: This longitudinal nationwide cohort study investigated the risk of IBD in patients with NAFLD alone. General characteristics, comorbidities, and incidence of IBD were also compared. Results: Patients diagnosed with NAFLD had a significant risk of developing IBD compared to control individuals, who were associated with a 2.245-fold risk of the diagnosis of IBD and a 2.260- and 2.231-fold of increased diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, respectively (P< 0.001). The cumulative risk of IBD increased annually during the follow-up of patients with NAFLD (P< 0.001). Conclusions Our results emphasize that NAFLD significantly impacts its incidence in patients with NAFLD. If patients with NAFLD present with risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, these conditions should be properly treated with regular follow-ups. Furthermore, we believe that these causes may be associated with the second peak of IBD.

Objective: Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterized by motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Oculomotor impairments and gait variability have been independently considered as potential markers in HD. However, an integrated analysis of eye movement and gait is lacking. We performed multiple examinations of eye movement and gait variability in HTT mutation carriers, analyzed the consistency between these parameters and clinical severity, and then examined the associations between oculomotor impairments and gait deficits. Methods: We included 7 patients with pre-HD, 30 patients with HD and 30 age-matched controls. We collected demographic data and assessed the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) score. Examinations, including saccades, smooth pursuit tests, and optokinetic (OPK) tests, were performed to evaluate eye movement function. The parameters of gait include stride length, walking velocity, step deviation, step length, and gait phase. Results: HD patients have significant impairments in the latency and velocity of saccades, the gain of smooth pursuit, and the gain and slow phase velocities of OPK tests. Only the speed of saccades significantly differed between pre-HD patients and controls. There are significant impairments in stride length, walking velocity, step length, and gait phase in HD patients. The parameters of eye movement and gait variability in HD patients were consistent with the UHDRS scores. There were significant correlations between eye movement and gait parameters. Conclusion Our results show that eye movement and gait are impaired in HD patients and that the speed of saccades is impaired early in pre-HD. Eye movement and gait abnormalities in HD patients are significantly correlated with clinical disease severity.

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common disease with severe inflammatory processes associated with numerous gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we investigated the relationship between NAFLD and IBD and the possible risk factors associated with the diagnosis of IBD. Methods: This longitudinal nationwide cohort study investigated the risk of IBD in patients with NAFLD alone. General characteristics, comorbidities, and incidence of IBD were also compared. Results: Patients diagnosed with NAFLD had a significant risk of developing IBD compared to control individuals, who were associated with a 2.245-fold risk of the diagnosis of IBD and a 2.260- and 2.231-fold of increased diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, respectively (P< 0.001). The cumulative risk of IBD increased annually during the follow-up of patients with NAFLD (P< 0.001). Conclusions Our results emphasize that NAFLD significantly impacts its incidence in patients with NAFLD. If patients with NAFLD present with risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, these conditions should be properly treated with regular follow-ups. Furthermore, we believe that these causes may be associated with the second peak of IBD.

Objective: Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterized by motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Oculomotor impairments and gait variability have been independently considered as potential markers in HD. However, an integrated analysis of eye movement and gait is lacking. We performed multiple examinations of eye movement and gait variability in HTT mutation carriers, analyzed the consistency between these parameters and clinical severity, and then examined the associations between oculomotor impairments and gait deficits. Methods: We included 7 patients with pre-HD, 30 patients with HD and 30 age-matched controls. We collected demographic data and assessed the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) score. Examinations, including saccades, smooth pursuit tests, and optokinetic (OPK) tests, were performed to evaluate eye movement function. The parameters of gait include stride length, walking velocity, step deviation, step length, and gait phase. Results: HD patients have significant impairments in the latency and velocity of saccades, the gain of smooth pursuit, and the gain and slow phase velocities of OPK tests. Only the speed of saccades significantly differed between pre-HD patients and controls. There are significant impairments in stride length, walking velocity, step length, and gait phase in HD patients. The parameters of eye movement and gait variability in HD patients were consistent with the UHDRS scores. There were significant correlations between eye movement and gait parameters. Conclusion Our results show that eye movement and gait are impaired in HD patients and that the speed of saccades is impaired early in pre-HD. Eye movement and gait abnormalities in HD patients are significantly correlated with clinical disease severity.

Objective To explore the characteristics of the five circuit phases and six climatic factors(wuyun liuqi,also translated as five circuits and six qi)at birth of the patients with hepatic diseases,and to analyze the correlation between the incidence of hepatic diseases and the characteristics of wuyun liuqi of birthdates of the patients.Methods A total of 5 057 inpatients with hepatic diseases admitted to Guangdong Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from May 2021 to May 2023 were collected,and then the characteristics of wuyun liuqi at birth of the patients were statistically analyzed.Results The incidence of hepatic diseases was closely related to the dominant circuit,dominant qi,guest qi,joining of guest qi with dominant qi,and circuit qi.In terms of the correlation of the prevalence of hepatic diseases with the dominant circuit(regular yearly evolutive phase)of the birthdate,the prevalence was the highest in the population born at gold circuit and was the lowest in the population born at fire circuit;in terms of the dominant qi(regular yearly circuit qi),the prevalence was the highest in the population born at taiyin wet-earth phase and was the lowest in the population born at taiyang cold-water phase;in terms of the guest qi(alterable yearly circuit qi),the prevalence was the highest in the population born at yangming dryness-gold phase and was the lowest in the population born at shaoyin monarch-fire phase;in terms of joining of guest qi with dominant qi,the prevalence was the highest in the population born at clockwise phase of guest qi generating or restricting dominant qi and was the lowest in the population born at adaptive phase of dominant qi and guest qi;in terms of the combination of circuit qi,the prevalence was the highest in the population born in the year of shunhua(qi generating circuit)and was the lowest in the population born in the year of suihui(yearly circuit phase being the same as the circuit qi of the year earthly branch).The differences were all statistically significant(P＜0.05 or P＜0.001).Conclusion The incidence of hepatic diseases is correlated with the dominant circuit,dominant qi,guest qi,joining of guest qi with dominant qi,and combination of circuit and qi at the birthdate of the patients to some extent.

This article reports the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT)and vitamin D deficiency.The patient was a young male with a insidious onset.Multiple tests have shown hypercalcemia,hypophosphatemia,hypercalciuria,and hyperparathyroidism.There was no renal dysfunction,and the diagnosis of PHPT was clear.There were kidney stones and vitamin D deficiency at the same time.The patient met the surgical indications,but the difficulty in preoperative localization was that ultrasound examination showed suspicious masses in both parathyroid regions,and the 99mTc-MIBI imaging result was negative.Finally,accurate preoperative localization was achieved through 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT,and the patient was cured after surgery.

Objective To develop a time-resolved fluorescent immunoassay kit for the rapid,accurate and quantitative detection of S100B protein in serum and to evaluate its performance.Methods The test strip was prepared using time-resolved fluorescent microsphere-labeled anti-S100B polyclonal antibody and rabbit IgG antibody,labeling pads,sample pads,S100B nitrocellulose films and absorbent paper,and an S100B time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay kit was obtained by assembling the cartridge.The performance of the kit developed was evaluated by standard curve,accuracy,minimum detection limit,linear interval,specificity,reproducibility and stability.The reference intervals of 199 pieces of healthy human serum and plasma samples from a certain region were detected with the kit,and the clinical performance of the kit and Roche Elecsys S100 kit was tested by synchronous blind method to assess the consistency of the results of the two kits for 142 samples.Results The S100B time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay kit had the standard curve beingy=(1.133 02+1.752 24)/[1+(x/1.082 20)×(-0.603 52)]-1.752 24,R2=0.999 08 and the linear range being[0.05,30]ng/mL,which met the requirements of the relative deviation of the accuracy within±15％,the minimum detection limit not hgier than 0.05 ng/mL,the relative deviation of specificity within±15％and the coefficient of variation of intra-and inter-batch difference less than 15％.The stability test results indicated that the kit was valid for 12 months at 2-30 ℃ conditions.The reference intervals of serum and plasma samples measured by the kit were both lower than 0.3 ng/mL.Clinical trials showed that the results by the kit and Roche Elecsys S100 Assay Kit were in high agreement(Kappa=0.906 1＞0.80)and met the requirements.Conclusion The kit developed detects the concentration of S100B protein in serum quickly,accurately and quantitatively,and provides references for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases,autoimmune diseases,cerebrovascular diseases and etc.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(1):47-55]

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the twigs of Aglaia perviridis Hiern and their total antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.METHODS The 95%ethanol extract from the twigs of A.perviridis were isolated and purified by silica gel,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antioxidant and neuroprotective activities were evaluated by T-AOC kit and MTT assay,respectively.RESULTS Twenty-one compounds were isolated and identified as 3-epicotillol(1),syringic acid(2),palmitic acid(3),di-N-pentyl phthalate(4),ethyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetate(5),7-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin(6),1-octanol(7),p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid(8),(+)-syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9),(+)-episyring-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10),methy-4-hydroxyphenylacetate(11),koaburaside(12),byzantionoside B(13),quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(14),(2R,3R)-(+)-glucodistylin(15),(2S,3S)-(-)-glucodistylin(16),(+)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(17),(+)-isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-glucopyranosidede(18),(-)-lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(19),phlorizin(20),β-sitosterol(21).The total antioxidant capacity of compounds2,9-10,14-20 was 10.300-38.367 U/(mmol·L-1).The neuroprotective effects of compounds 2,10 and 17 were concentration-dependent,and the optimal concentrations of compounds 9 and 15 were 50,100 μmol/L,respectively.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-20 are isolated from this plant for the first time.Compounds 2,9-10,14-20 have strong total antioxidant activities.Compounds 2,9-10,15,17 have neuroprotective activities.