Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Jiegengtang is a basic formula for treating sore throat and cough. By means of bibliometrics， this study conducted a textual research and analysis on the key information such as formula origin， decocting methods， and clinical application of Jiegengtang. After the research， it can be seen that Jiegengtang is firstly contained in Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease， which is also known as Ganjietang， and it has been inherited and innovated by medical practitioners of various dynasties in later times. The origins of Chinese medicines in this formula is basically clear， Jiegeng is the dried roots of Platycodon grandiflorum， Gancao is the dried roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis， the two medicines are selected raw products. The dosage is 27.60 g of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 13.80 g of Platycodonis Radix， decocted with 600 mL of water to 200 mL， taken warmly after meals， twice a day， 100 mL for each time. In ancient times， Jiegengtang was mainly used for treating Shaoyin-heat invasion syndrome， with cough and sore throat as its core symptoms. In modern clinical practice， Jiegengtang is mainly used for respiratory diseases such as pharyngitis， esophagitis， tonsillitis and lung abscess， especially for pharyngitis and lung abscess with remarkable efficacy. This paper can provide literature reference basis for the modern clinical application and new drug development of Jiegengtang.

Purpose/Significance Based on the typical use scenario of sensitive personal information in medical and health institu-tions,the implementation of the secure use of sensitive personal information is explored.Method/Process For user registration,internal utilization and interaction,medical device/wearable device collection and information disclosure and other scenarios,the paper analyzes the risk of sensitive personal information leakage,explores the application scenarios,advantages and disadvantages of various technical means such as identity authentication,access control,data encryption,data desensitization and detection audit.Result/Conclusion The application of technical means can assist medical and health institutions to further protect the security of patients'personal information.

Objective To evaluate the effects of high-fat diet on the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole in Chinese healthy adult subjects.Methods This program is designed according to a single-center,randomized,open,single-dose trial.Forty-seven healthy subjects were assigned to receive single dose of metronidazole tablets 200 mg in either fasting and high-fat diet state,and blood samples were taken at different time points,respectively.The concentrations of metronidazole in plasma were determined by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectromentry.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of metronidazole in fasting state and high-fat diet state were as follows:Cmax were(4 799.13±1 195.32)and(4 044.17±773.98)ng·mL-1;tmax were 1.00 and 2.25 h;t1/2 were(9.11±1.73)and(9.37±1.79)h;AUC0_t were(5.59±1.19)x 104 and(5.51±1.18)x 104 ng·mL-1·h;AUC0_∞ were(5.79±1.33)x 104 and(5.74±1.32)× 104 ng·mL-1·h.Compared to the fasting state,the tmaxof the drug taken after a high fat diet was delayed by 1.25 h(P＜0.01),Cmax,AUC0_t,AUC0-∞ were less or decreased in different degrees,but the effects were small(all P＞0.05).Conclusion High-fat diet has little effects on the pharmacokinetic parameters of metronidazole,which does not significantly change the degree of drug absorption,but can significantly delay the time to peak.

Objective To study the effect of Hedysarum polysaccharides(HPS)on the farnisol X receptor(FXR)-small heterodimer chaperone(SHP)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 c(SREBP-1c)signaling pathway in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease cell model.Methods The cells were cultured with 1.2 mmol·L-1 fatty acids to construct the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease cell model.The cell were divided into normal group(complete medium),model group(1.2 mmol·L-1 fatty acid solution),positive control group(1.2 mmol·L-1 fatty acid solution+50 μmol·L-1 alpha-lipoic acid)and experimental group(1.2 mmol·L-1 fatty acid solution+80 mg·L-1 HPS),culture for 24 h.The content of triglyceride(TG)and total cholesterol(TC),the activity of glutamate transaminase(GOT)and glutamate transaminasewas(GPT)detected by GPO-PAP enzyme method;the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry;the expressions of FXR,SHP,SREBP-1c protein and mRNA in hepatocytes were detected by Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results The contents of TG in hepatocytes of normal group,model group,positve control group and experimental group were(2.91±1.13),(6.81±1.32),(3.72±0.52)and(4.67±0.62)mmol·gprot-1;the contents of TC in these four groups were(23.66±4.92),(67.96±5.56),(29.41±4.22)and(54.34±3.96)mmol·gprot-1;the activity of GOT in these four groups were(249.10±11.59),(322.63±28.81),(288.89±19.14)and(266.91±8.77)U·gprot-1;the activity of GPT in these four groups were(58.83±16.88),(134.55±22.96),(89.63±15.81)and(77.37±7.25)U·gprot-1,respectively;FXR mRNA expression levels were 1.01±0.16,2.09±0.12,1.83±0.17 and 1.45±0.15,respectively;SHP mRNA expression levels were 1.00±0.11,0.51±0.15,0.64±0.14 and 0.70±0.14,respectively;SREBP-1c mRNA were 1.00±0.08,1.57±0.19,1.37±0.13 and 1.21±0.15;the expression levels of FXR protein were 1.00±0.02,1.63±0.03,1.42±0.02 and 1.25±0.03,respectively;the expression levels of SHP protein were 1.00±0.02,0.23±0.01,0.54±0.21 and 0.62±0.02;the expression levels of SREBP-1c protein were 1.00±0.03,4.08±0.05,1.99±0.02 and 1.48±0.01,respectively.Compared with the normal group,there were significant differences in the above indexes of model group(all P＜0.05);compared with the model group,there were significant differences in the above indexes of experimental group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion HPS may protect liver cells by regulating the FXR-SHP-SREBP-1 c signaling pathway,reducing lipid synthesis in liver cells.

Objective To evaluate the bioequivalence of test product and reference product in a single dose of amoxicillin clavulanate potassium tablet under fasting and fed conditions in healthy volunteers.Methods An open label,randomized,single dose,four-period,crossover bioequivalence study was designed.Fasting and postprandial tests were randomly divided into 2 administration sequence groups according to 1:1 ratio,amoxicillin clavulanate potassium tablet test product or reference product 375 mg,oral administration separately,liquid chromatography tanden mass spectrometry was applied to determine the concentration of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium in plasma of healthy subjects after fasting or fed administration,while Phoenix WinNonlin 8.2 software were used for pharmacokinetics(PK)parameters calculation and bioequivalence analysis.Results Healthy subjects took the test product and the reference product under fasting condition,the main PK parameters of amoxicillin are as follows:Cmax were(5 075.57±1 483.37)and(5 119.86±1 466.73)ng·mL-1,AUC0_twere(1.32 × 104±2 163.76)and(1.30 × 104±1 925.11)ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞were(1.32 × 104±2 175.40)and(1.31 ×104±1 935.86)ng·mL-1;the main PK parameters of clavulanic acid are as follows:Cmax were(3 298.27±1 315.23)and(3 264.06±1 492.82)ng·mL-1,AUC0-twere(7 690.06±3 053.40)and(7 538.39±3 155.89)ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞were(7 834.81±3 082.61)and(7 671.67±3 189.31)ng·mL-1;the 90％confidence intervals of Cmax,AUC0-tand AUC0-∞ after logarithmic conversion of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium of the two products were all within 80.00％-125.00％.Healthy subjects took the test and reference product under fed condition,the main PK parameters of amoxicillin are as follows:Cmax were(4 514.08±1 324.18)and(4 602.82±1 366.48)ng·mL-1,AUC0-twere(1.15 × 104±1 637.95)and(1.15 × 104±1 665.69)ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(1.16 × 104±1 646.26)and(1.15 × 104±1 607.20)ng·mL-1;the main PK parameters of clavulanic acid are as follows:Cmax were(2 654.75±1 358.29)and(2 850.51±1 526.31)ng·mL-1,AUC0-twere(5 882.82±2 930.06)and(6 161.28±3 263.20)ng·mL-1,AUC0-∞ were(6 022.70±2 965.05)and(6 298.31±3 287.63)ng·mL-1;the 90％confidence intervals of Cmax,AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ after logarithmic conversion of amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium of the two products were all within 80.00％-125.00％.Conclusion The two formulations were bioequivalent to healthy adult volunteers under fasting and fed conditions.

Objective:To explore the potential action mechanism of Huotu Jiji Pellets(HJP)in the treatment of erectile dys-function(ED)based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:We identified the main effective compounds and active molecular targets of HJP from the database of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology(TCMSP)and Integrative Pharmacology-Based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCMIP)and the therapeutic target genes of ED from the data-bases of Genecards.Then we obtained the common targets of HJP and ED using the Venny software,constructed a protein-protein in-teraction(PPI)network of HJP acting on ED,and screened out the core targets with the Cytoscape software.Lastly we performed GO functional enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the core targets followed by molecular docking of HJP and the core targets using Chem3D and AutoDock Tools and QuickVina-W software.Results:A total of 64 effective compounds,822 drug-related targets,1 783 disease-related targets and 320 common targets were obtained in this study.PPI network analysis showed that the core targets of HJP for ED included ESR1,HSP90AA1,SRC,and STAT3.GO functional enrichment analysis indicated the involvement of the core targets in such biological processes as response to xenobiotic stimulus,positive regulation of kinase activity,and positive regu-lation of MAPK cascade.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis suggested that PI3K-Akt,apoptosis,MAPK,HIF-1,VEGF,autophagy and other signaling pathways may be related to the mechanism of HJP acting on ED.Molecular docking prediction exhibited a good doc-king activity of the key active molecules of HJP with the core targets.Conclusion:This study showed that HJP acted on ED through multi-components,multi-targets and multi-pathways,which has provided some evidence and reference for the clinical treatment and subsequent studies of the disease.

This study was aimed at analyzing the changes in the cell proteome of HTR-8/Svneo human villous trophoblasts during infection with Listeria monocytogenes,to explore the mechanisms involved in L.monocytogenes infection of the placenta at the molecular level in host cells.Tandem Mass Tag(TMT)proteomics was used to compare the quantitative proteome be-tween the HTR-8/Svneo infection group and control group.The Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)databases were used to analyze enrichment in the molecular functions,biological processes,and metabolic pathways of differentially expressed proteins.A total of 76 285 peptides and 6 979 quantifiable proteins were identified.A total of 356 proteins showed significant differential expression:153 up-regulated and 203 down-regulated.The protein with the high-est fold change was microtubule motor protein(B4DYE2),and the protein with the lowest fold change was translation initia-tion factor 1(Q6IAV3).GO functional enrichment and KEGG metabolic pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the up-regulated proteins were involved primarily in biological processes and metabolic pathways such as the movement of microtubules and microfilament as well as autophagy,whereas the down-regulated proteins were involved mainly in primary metabolic pathways,such as carbon metabolism,nitrogen metabolism,amino acid biosynthesis,and nucleic acid metabolism,as well as ubiquitin mediated protein hydrolysis.In the process of infection of HTR-8/Svneo by L.monocytogenes,the basal metabolism of host cells may be significantly diminished,and the autophagy level may be high.The significant up-regulation of cell migration-inducing and hyaluronan-binding protein CEMIP(Q8WUJ3)suggested an important role of this protein in regulating the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells,thus causing adverse pregnancy outcomes.Our findings may provide new ideas for the study of the molecular mechanism of L.monocytogenes infection of the placenta.

Objective:To explore the role of NK cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell micro-transplantation(MST)in the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia(AML).Methods:Data from 93 AML patients treated with MST at our center from 2013-2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The induction regimen was anthracycline and cytarabine combined with peripheral blood stem cells transplantation mobilization by granulocyte colony stimulating factor(GPBSC),followed by 2-4 courses of intensive treatment with medium to high doses of cytarabine combined with GPBSC after achieving complete remission(CR).The therapeutic effects of one and two courses of MST induction therapy on 42 patients who did not reach CR before transplantation were evaluated.Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to analyze the impact of donor NK cell dose and KIR genotype,including KIR ligand mismatch,2DS1,haplotype,and HLA-Cw ligands on survival prognosis of patients.Results:Forty-two patients received MST induction therapy,and the CR rate was 57.1％after 1 course and 73.7％after 2 courses.Multivariate analysis showed that,medium and high doses of NK cells was significantly associated with improved disease-free survival(DFS)of patients(HR=0.27,P=0.005;HR=0.21,P=0.001),and high doses of NK cells was significantly associated with improved overall survival(OS)of patients(HR=0.15,P=0.000).Donor 2DS1 positive significantly increases OS of patients(HR=0.25,P=0.011).For high-risk patients under 60 years old,patients of the donor-recipient KIR ligand mismatch group had longer DFS compared to the nonmismatch group(P=0.036);donor 2DS1 positive significantly prolonged OS of patients(P=0.009).Conclusion:NK cell dose,KIR ligand mismatch and 2DS1 influence the therapeutic effect of MST,improve the survival of AML patients.

Aim To study the regulatory effect of poly-datin on D-galactose-induced aging model mice.Methods Fifty-six ICR mice(half male and half fe-male)were divided into normal group,model group,positive group,low,medium and high polydatin treat-ment groups.Aging model was established by subcuta-neous injection of D-galactose(500 mg·kg-1)into the back of neck every day.During the modeling peri-od,the positive group was given donepezil hydrochlo-ride tablets(0.75 mg·kg-1)by gavage,the treat-ment group was given polydatin(40,70,100 mg·kg1)by gavage,and the normal group was given the same amount of normal saline.The learning and cogni-tive ability of mice was evaluated by nesting experi-ment,new object recognition experiment and Morris water maze experiment.The heart,liver,spleen,kid-ney and thymus of mice were taken to calculate the or-gan index.The pathological changes of whole brain tis-sue in mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The levels of T-SOD,MDA,GSH-Px and AchE in serum and whole brain tissue of mice were de-tected by ELISA.The protein expression levels of Keap1,Nrf2 and HO-1 in hippocampus of mice were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the model group,the nesting ability,the ability to recog-nize new objects and the ability to find platforms under-water of the mice in the positive group and the low,medium and high dose groups of polydatin were im-proved.The organ index increased.The neuronal dam-age in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was signifi-cantly ameliorated.The activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px in serum and brain tissue increased and the activi-ties of MDA and AchE decreased.The expression lev-els of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein in hippocampus in-creased,and the expression level of Keap1 protein de-creased.Conclusions Polydatin can ameliorate the learning and cognitive impairment in D-galactose-in-duced aging model mice,and its mechanism may be related to the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.