ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Modified Guomin Decoction （加味过敏煎， MGD） in patients with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis （AD） of the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） pattern of heart fire and spleen deficiency， and to explore its possible mechanisms. MethodsIn this randomized， double-blind， placebo-controlled study， 72 patients with mild to moderate AD and the TCM pattern of heart fire and spleen deficiency were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group， with 36 cases in each group. The treatment group received oral MGD granules combined with topical vitamin E emulsion， while the control group received oral placebo granules combined with topical vitamin E treatment. Both groups were treated twice daily for 4 weeks. Clinical efficacy， TCM syndrome scores， Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） for pruritus， Dermatology Life Quality Index （DLQI） scores， Scoring Atopic Dermatitis （SCORAD） and serum biomarkers， including interleukin-33 （IL-33）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， immunoglobulin E （IgE）， and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） were compared before and after treatment. Safety indexes was also assessed. ResultsThe total clinical effective rates were 77.78% （28/36） in the treatment group and 38.89% （14/36） in the control group， with cure rates of 19.44% （7/36） and 2.78% （1/36）， respectively. The treatment group showed significantly better clinical outcomes compared to the control group （P＜0.05）. The treatment group exhibited significant reductions in total TCM syndrome scores， including erythema， edema， papules， scaling， lichenification， pruritus， irritability， insomnia， abdominal distension， and fatigue scores， as well as reductions in VAS， DLQI， SCORAD， and serum IgE and IL-33 levels （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared to the control group， the treatment group had significantly better improvements in all indicators except for insomnia （P＜0.05）. No adverse events occurred in either group. ConclusionMGD is effective and safe in treating mild to moderate AD patients with heart fire and spleen deficiency pattern. It significantly alleviates pruritus， improves TCM syndromes and quality of life， and enhances clinical efficacy， possibly through modulation of immune responses.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City from 2019 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures in the future. Methods By random cluster sampling , 7 schools in urban areas and 5 schools in suburban counties were selected to screen common diseases such as myopia, dental caries, obesity and abnormal spinal curvature. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed for statistical analysis. Results A total of 17 023 primary and secondary school students were screened from 2019 to 2022. The overall detection rate of common diseases from high to low was myopia (54.12%), caries (36.75%), overweight (15.17%), obesity (11.88%), malnutrition (5.80%), and abnormal spinal curvature (3.49%). The detection rates of myopia and abnormal curvature of the spine showed an increasing trend with years and school stages, while the detection rates of malnutrition and dental caries showed a decreasing trend with years and school stages. The detection rates of overweight and obesity showed no trend difference with years, and the detection rates of obesity showed a decreasing trend with school stages. The rates of myopia, overweight and obesity were higher in urban areas than those in suburban counties, and the rate of dental caries was higher in suburban counties than that in urban areas. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and malnutrition in boys was higher than that in girls. The prevalence of myopia and dental caries in girls was higher than that in boys. The above differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion Myopia, dental caries, obesity, and abnormal curvature of the spine are the current focus of the prevention and treatment of common diseases in students. There are great differences between different regions, school stages, and genders. The ^“tripartite linkage^” of schools, families, and communities should be achieved with the joint efforts of the education and health departments to actively take targeted intervention measures to reduce the prevalence.

ObjectiveTo investigate the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the level of serum homocysteine (Hcy) in association with the incidence of stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. MethodsBased on the chronic disease risk factor surveillance cohort in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, excluding those with stroke in baseline survey, T2DM patients who joined the cohort from January 2016 to October 2020 were selected as the research subjects. During the follow-up period, a total of 318 new-onset ischemic stroke patients were selected as the case group, and a total of 318 individuals matched by gender without stroke were selected as the control group. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to adjust for confounding factors and explore the serum TyG index and the Hcy biochemical indicator in association with the risk of stroke. ResultsThe Cox proportional hazards regression results showed that after adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of stroke in T2DM patients with 10 μmol·L⁻¹-¹ and Hcy>15 μmol·L⁻¹ was 1.532 times (95%CI: 1.017‒2.309 times, P=0.041) and 1.738 times (95%CI: 1.119‒2.699 times, P=0.014) higher respectively, compared to T2DM patients with Hcy≤10 μmol·L⁻¹. T2DM patients with TyG>9.074 had 1.396 times higher risk of stroke (95%CI: 1.091‒1.787, P=0.008) compared to those with TyG≤9.074. The study found that urea and α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) were independent risk factors for the incidence of stroke in T2DM patients. For every unit increase in urea andα1-AT, the risk of stroke in T2DM patients increased by 233.6% (HR=3.336, 95%CI: 1.588‒7.009, P=0.001) and 11.3% (HR=1.113, 95%CI: 1.028‒1.205, P=0.008), respectively. Cumulative risk curves showed that Hcy>10 μmol·L⁻¹ and TyG>9.074 accelerated the time to stroke occurrence in T2DM patients. ConclusionElevated levels of Hcy>10 μmol·L⁻¹ and a higher TyG index are risk factors for stroke in T2DM patients. Effective interventions for Hcy and TyG should be conducted for diabetic patients to reduce the incidence of stroke.

Aim To analyze the differences in plasma biomarkers and metabolic pathways between Atractylodes chinensis and Atractylodes coreana after intervention in spleen deficiency rats, and discuss the spleen strengthening mechanism of the two from a non targeted metabolomics perspective. Methods A spleen deficiency model was established in SD rats using a composite factor method of improper diet, excessive fatigue, and bitter cold diarrhea. To determine the content of gastrointestinal and immunological indicators, UHPLC-QE-MS technology was used, combined with principal component analysis (PC A) and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) methods to search for biomarkers in plasma of spleen deficiency rats, and metabolic pathways were induced using the Pathway database. Results After administration of Atractylodes chinensis and Atractylodes coreana, various indicators in plasma of spleen deficiency rats showed varying degrees of regression. Metabolomics analysis showed that Atractylodes chinensis and Atractylodes coreana respectively recalled 70 and 82 plasma differential metabolites. Atractylodes chinensis mainly regulated two metabolic pathways : "Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, and "Thiamine metabolism". Atractylodes coreana mainly regulated five metabolic pathways, "Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism", "Thiamine metabolism, "Pyrimidine metabolism", "Butanoate metabolism", and "Riboflavin metabolism". Conclusions Both Atractylodes chinensis and Atractylodes coreana have certain regulatory effects on spleen deficiency rats, and their mechanism of action may be related to regulating metabolic pathways such as "Glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, and "Thiamine metabolism"in spleen deficiency.

Objective To investigate the relationship between nuclear factor(NF)-κB signaling pathway and gender differences in alcoholic liver fibrosis. Methods C57BL/6 N mice at 7-8 weeks of age were randomly divided into: male normal group, male model group, female normal group and female model group of 20 mice each. The normal group was fed with control liquid diet for 8 weeks, and the model group was fed with alcoholic liquid diet for 8 weeks combined with 31.5% ethanol gavage (5g/kg twice a week) to establish an alcoholic liver fibrosis model. The mice were executed at the end of 8 weekends, and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, estradiol (E

Due to the high similarity with the lipid layer between human skin keratinocytes, functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structure prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology encapsulating natural active substances have become a hot research topic in recent years. This type of functional cosmetic often has a fresh and natural skin feel, excellent skin barrier repair function and efficient moisturizing effect, etc., showing great potential in cosmetic application. However, the present research on the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology to functional cosmetics is still in the initial stage, and there are fewer relevant reports with reference values. Based on the mentioned above, this review provides a comprehensive summary of functional cosmetics with layered liquid crystal structures prepared by liquid crystal emulsification technology from the following aspects: the structure of human skin, the composition of lamellar liquid crystal, the advantages of liquid crystal emulsification technology containing natural active substances used in the field of functional cosmetics, the preparation process, main components, influencing factors during the preparation and the market functional cosmetics with lamellar liquid crystal structure. Finally, the prospect of the application of liquid crystal emulsification technology in functional cosmetics is presented, to provide useful references for those engaged in the research of liquid crystal emulsification technology-related functional cosmetics.

Objective To explore the application effect of the Mini-CEX evaluation model based on the OBE concept in the clinical Practice teaching of neurology.Methods We Selected 100 students who will Practice in the Department of Neurology from 2022 to 2023 as the research objects,and divided them into the experimental group(n=50)and the control group(n=50).Under the guidance of the OBE concept,the experimental group was guided by learning outcomes,refined the teaching objectives,and applied the Mini-CEX evaluation mode for evaluation and feedback.In contrast,the control group adopted the traditional teaching mode.Combined with the observation data,we analyzed and compared the data of various indicators of the two groups of students at the beginning and end of the internship.Results At the end of the internship,the scores of clinical consultation,Physical examination,humanistic medicine,clinical diagnosis,health consultation,organizational effect,and overall evaluation of the experimental group were significantly improved and were higher than those of the control group.After the Practice,in terms of skill test scores,the experimental group scored higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and the experimental group also scored higher in satisfaction evaluation than the control group.Conclusion The Mini-CEX evaluation teaching model based on the concept of OBE is applied to the clinical practice teaching of the neurology department,which can enhance the training effect of students'clinical practice skills.

Objective An isotemporal substitution model was used to explore the associations between activities including 10 minutes per day of physical activity(PA),sedentary behavior(SB),and sleep(SLP),and depressive symptoms among vocational school students with and without depressive symptoms.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on grade one to grade three students attending vocational schools in Shanghai and Jiangsu Province from Dec 2021 to Jan 2022.Fourteen schools were selected using the convenience cluster sampling method.The selected students were categorized into depressive symptoms group and non-depressive symptoms group according to the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)scores.Results A total of 40 339 questionnaires were collected,of which 10 086 were able to clearly remember the time of physical activity in the past week,and 8 149 were valid after data cleaning.According to the valid questionnaires,5 496 students(67.44%)were in the non-depressive symptoms group and 2 653(32.56%)were in the depressive symptoms group.The mean age of the students were(16.70±1.19)years.In the non-depressive symptoms group,substituting moderate physical activity(MPA)for all the other behaviors was negatively associated with CES-D scores,while substituting vigorous physical activity(VPA)for MPA and SB was positively associated with CES-D scores.In the depressive symptoms group,substituting walking,SB,and SLP with MPA was negatively associated with CES-D scores,respectively.The associations of MPA substituted for walking,SB,and SLP with CES-D scores were much stronger in the depressive symptoms group than in the non-depressive symptoms group.Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms was high among vocational students.Substituting MPA for walking,SB,and SLP were negatively associated with CES-D scores,with a stronger association observed in the depressive symptoms group than in the non-depressive symptoms group.

The COVID-19 epidemic has spread to the whole world for three years and has had a serious impact on human life, health and economic activities. China's epidemic prevention and control has gone through the following stages: emergency unconventional stage, emergency normalization stage, and the transitional stage from the emergency normalization to the "Category B infectious disease treated as Category B" normalization, and achieved a major and decisive victory. The designated hospitals for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic in Tianjin has successfully completed its tasks in all stages of epidemic prevention and control, and has accumulated valuable experience. This article summarizes the experience of constructing a hospital infection prevention and control system during the "Category B infectious disease treated as Category A" period in designated hospital. The experience is summarized as the "Cluster" hospital infection prevention and control system, namely "three rings" outside, middle and inside, "three districts" of green, orange and red, "three things" before, during and after the event, "two-day pre-purification" and "two-director system", and "one zone" management. In emergency situations, we adopt a simplified version of the cluster hospital infection prevention and control system. In emergency situations, a simplified version of the "Cluster" hospital infection prevention and control system can be adopted. This system has the following characteristics: firstly, the system emphasizes the characteristics of "cluster" and the overall management of key measures to avoid any shortcomings. The second, it emphasizes the transformation of infection control concepts to maximize the safety of medical services through infection control. The third, it emphasizes the optimization of the process. The prevention and control measures should be comprehensive and focused, while also preventing excessive use. The measures emphasize the use of the least resources to achieve the best infection control effect. The fourth, it emphasizes the quality control work of infection control, pays attention to the importance of the process, and advocates the concept of "system slimming, process fattening". Fifthly, it emphasizes that the future development depends on artificial intelligence, in order to improve the quality and efficiency of prevention and control to the greatest extent. Sixth, hospitals need to strengthen continuous training and retraining. We utilize diverse training methods, including artificial intelligence, to ensure that infection control policies and procedures are simple. We have established an evaluation and feedback mechanism to ensure that medical personnel are in an emergency state at all times.

The dynamin superfamily protein (DSP) encompasses a group of large GTPases that are involved in various membrane remodeling processes within the cell. These proteins are characterized by their ability to hydrolyze GTP, which provides the energy necessary for their function in membrane fission, fusion, and tubulation activities. Dynamin superfamily proteins play critical roles in cellular processes such as endocytosis, organelle division, and vesicle trafficking. It is typically classified into classical dynamins and dynamin-related proteins (Drp), which have distinct roles and structural features. Understanding these proteins is crucial for comprehending their functions in cellular processes, particularly in membrane dynamics and organelle maintenance. Classical dynamins are primarily involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), a process crucial for the internalization of receptors and other membrane components from the cell surface into the cell. These proteins are best known for their role in pinching off vesicles from the plasma membrane. Structually, classical dynamins are composed of a GTPase domain, a middle domain, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain that binds phosphoinositides, a GTPase effector domain (GED), and a proline-rich domain (PRD) that interacts with SH3 domain-containing proteins. Functionally, the classical dynamins wrap around the neck of budding vesicles, using GTP hydrolysis to constrict and eventually acting as a “membrane scissor” to cut the vesicle from the membrane. In mammals, there are three major isoforms: dynamin 1 (predominantly expressed in neurons), dynamin 2 (ubiquitously expressed), and dynamin 3 (expressed in testes, lungs, and neurons). Recent studies have also revealed some non-classical functions of classical dynamins, such as regulating the initiation and stabilization of clathrin-coated pits (CCPs) at the early stages of CME, influencing the formation of the actin cytoskeleton and cell division. Drps share structural similarities with classical dynamins but are involved in a variety of different cellular processes, primarily related to the maintenance and remodeling of organelles, and can be mainly categorized into “mediating membrane fission”, “mediating membrane fusion” and “non-membrane-dependent functions”. Proteins like Drp1 are crucial for mitochondrial division, while others like Fis1, Mfn1, and Mfn2 are involved in mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission and fusion processes, which are essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial and peroxisomal integrity and affect energy production and apoptosis. Proteins like the Mx protein family exhibit antiviral properties by interfering with viral replication or assembly, which is critical for the innate immune response to viral infections. Some other proteins are involved in the formation of tubular structures from membranes, which is crucial for the maintenance of organelle morphology, particularly in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Studies on dynamin superfamily proteins have been extensive and have significantly advanced our understanding of cellular biology, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic potential. These studies encompass a broad range of disciplines, including molecular biology, biochemistry, cell biology, genetics, and pharmacology. By comprehensively summarizing and organizing the structural features and functions of various members of the dynamin superfamily protein, this review not only deepens the understanding of its molecular mechanisms, but also provides valuable insights for clinical drug research related to human diseases, potentially driving further advancements in the field.