Objective: To find a viable alternative to reduce the number of doses required for the patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and to improve efficacy and patient compliance. Methods: In this study, we used ginger oil, a phytochemical with potential therapeutic properties, to prepare ginger oil patches. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify the main active component of ginger oil, 6-gingerol. Transdermal absorption experiments were conducted to optimize the various pressure-sensitive adhesives and permeation enhancers, including their type and concentration. Subsequently, the ginger oil patches were optimized and subjected to content determination and property evaluations. A PTSD mouse model was established using the foot-shock method. The therapeutic effect of ginger oil patches on PTSD was assessed through pathological sections, behavioral tests, and the evaluation of biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and melatonin (MT). Results: The results demonstrated that ginger oil patches exerted therapeutic effects against PTSD by inhibiting inflammatory responses and modulating MT and BDNF levels. Pharmacokinetic experiments revealed that ginger oil patches maintained a stable blood drug concentration for at least one day, addressing the rapid metabolism drawback of 6-gingerol and enhancing its therapeutic efficacy. Conclusions Ginger oil can be prepared as a transdermal drug patch that meets these requirements, and the bioavailability of the prepared patch is better than that of oral administration. It can improve PTSD with good patient compliance and ease of administration. Therefore, it is a promising therapeutic formulation for the treatment of PTSD.

In 2024,the World Health Organization(WHO)released"Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health.Guidance on large multi-modal models",which was translated into Chinese for Chinese readers to read and think about,assist in planning the benefits and challenges related to large multi-modal models for health,as well as provide guidance on policy and practice for the appropriate development,provision,and use of large multi-modal models.The WHO consulted 20 leading experts in the field of AI,who identified potential benefits and risks of using AI for health,as well as published six principles agreed upon in a consultative manner for governments,developers,and providers using AI to consider when formulating policies and practices.The guidelines provide governance recommendations that are consistent with the guiding principles for internal enterprise,governments,and international cooperations,which are based on the guiding principles and governance recommendations that consider the unique ways in which humans use AI generated content(AIGC)for health.AIGC is an AI technology in which algorithms are trained on data sets that can be used to generate new content.The guidelines target one type of AIGC,namely the large multi-modal models abbreviated as"LMM",which can accept one or more types of data inputs and generate multiple outputs of data types that are not limited to the input algorithm.It is predicted that LMM will be widely used in various fields,such as healthcare,scientific research,public health,and drug development.LMM are also called"universal base models",although it has not yet been proven that LMM can complete a variety of tasks and purposes.

Objective To explore the application value and diagnostic efficiency of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)and intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM)in prognostic staging of early-stage rectal adenocarcinoma.Methods Eighty-one patients with early-stage rectal adenocarcinoma confirmed by surgery were retrospectively selected.They were examined by high-resolution MRI,IVIM and DCE-DWI before operation.According to prognostic staging criteria,they were divided into stageⅠ and stage Ⅱ A groups.The quantitative parameters of DCE-MRI and IVIM were obtained by GenIQ or MITK software respectively.The differences of parameter values between the two groups were compared by independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test,and the diagnostic efficiency was analyzed.Results The values of rate constant(Kep),volume transfer constant(Ktrans)and pseudo diffusion coefficient(D*)in stage Ⅰ group were lower than stage Ⅱ A group(P＜0.05).The f value in stage Ⅰ group was higher than stage Ⅱ A group(P＜0.05).D*and Kep values were included in the binary logistic regression equation.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves of D*,Kep values and their joint prediction probability values were obtained,and the area under the curve(AUC)were 0.791,0.770 and 0.852 respectively.The sensitivities were 90.91％,66.67％and 81.82％respectively.The specificities were 66.67％,83.33％and 79.17％respectively.Conclusion D*and Kep values have the potential to be imaging indicators of prognostic staging of early-stage rectal adenocarcinoma,and to guide the selection of clinical treatment schemes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Schroth PSSE combined with 3D printing braces in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.Method Forty patients were included and divided into a support group(3D printing support group)and a support+exercise therapy group(3D printing support+Schroth PSSE group).Excluding outliers and lost follow-up data,32 patients were ultimately included,with 16 patients in each group.Wearing time≥18 h for both groups of 3D printing supports.The intervention period of Schroth PSSE is 12 weeks,and exercise is maintained after 12 weeks until the end of follow-up.The longest follow-up time for the brace group was 25 months,with an average follow-up time of(15.00±1.29)months.The longest follow-up time for the brace+exercise therapy group was 24 months,with an average follow-up time of(16.59±1.01)months.Relevant indicators were evaluated after follow-up.Results The support and exercise therapy group showed better improvement in Cobb angle and trunk rotation angle(ATR)than the support group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);The distance between the midpoint of the C7 vertebral body and the midline of the sacrum(C7-CSVL)in the support and exercise therapy group showed a statistically significant difference before and after treatment(P<0.05),while there was a significant difference before and after Apical Vertebral Translation(AVT)treatment(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference compared to the support group(P<0.05);In terms of SRS-22 score,the brace+exercise therapy group can comprehensively improve the SRS-22 score.Conclusion The combination of Schroth PSSE and 3D printing braces has a better effect on improving Cobb angle and torso rotation angle,improving coronary imbalance,increasing patient satisfaction,and improving quality of life compared to using 3D printing braces alone.

Aim To explore the related influencing factors of stroke in middle-aged and elderly population in China,and to construct a nomogram prediction model to provide more personalized reference for the prevention and treat-ment of stroke.Methods This study included 13 063 participants from the China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey project.This project conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2011 using a multi-stage sampling method,targeting in-dividuals aged 45 and above from 150 counties and 450 communities(villages)in 28 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities).Detailed data were collected on participants'socio-demographic characteristics,physical measurements,health status,healthcare utilization,household income,and expenditure.The study participants were followed up to as-sess stroke in 2013,2015,and 2018.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to identify the factors associated with stroke incidence and to construct a nomogram predictive model.Results During the follow-up,774 participants developed to stroke.Multivariate Cox regression results showed that older age(HR=1.028,95％CI:1.019-1.038),being single(HR=1.295,95％CI:1.031-1.626),smoking(HR=1.264,95％CI:1.074-1.489),abnormal body mass index(HR=1.204,95％CI:1.020-1.420),hypertension(HR=2.200,95％CI:1.855-2.609)and diabetes(HR=1.483,95％CI:1.117～1.970)were the risk factors affecting the incidence of stroke,high levels of annual per capita expenditure(HR=0.783,95％CI:0.642-0.953)are antagonistic factors in the incidence of stroke.The nomogram constructed based on the above factors had good predictive performance,and its area under the curve(AUC)was about 0.700.Conclusion Old age,being single,smoking,abnormal body mass index,history of hypertension and diabetes are independent risk factors for stroke,the nomogram constructed based on these factors can help predict the incidence rate of stroke.

Objective To evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality in randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of the Chinese medicine injection for acute cerebral infarction in the last five years.Methods RCTs literature on Chinese medicine injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction was systematically searched in CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,China Biology Medicine Database(CBM),PubMed,Embase and Cochrane Library from April 20,2018 to April 20,2023.The risk of bias and reporting quality of included RCTs were evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool(ROB 1.0)and CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017,respectively.Results A total of 4 301 articles were retrieved,and 408 RCTs were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.The ROB evaluation results showed that the the majority of studies were rated as having an unclear risk of bias due to the lack of reporting on allocation concealment,blind method,trial registration information,and funding sources.The evaluation results of CONSORT-CHM Formulas 2017 showed that the number of reported papers of 17 items was greater than or equal to 50%,and the number of reported papers of 25 items was less than 10%,and most of the RCTs did not show the characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment.Conclusion The quality of Chinese medicine injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction RCTs is generally low.It is recommended that researchers refer to the methodology design of RCTs and international reporting standards,improve the trial design,standardize the trial report,and highlight the characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment.

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of phenotypes of Duffy blood group on chemokine storage and chemokine scavenging function of erythrocytes. 【Methods】 Twenty-four erythrocyte samples were collected and tested Duffy blood phenotype using the anti-human globulin method, and erythrocyte CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, and CCL11 content and their chemokine scavenging function using ELISA. The expression of Duffy antigens on erythrocytes was detected using a flow analyzer. 【Results】 The difference in CCL2 content(41.1±14.7 pg/mL vs 63.1±20.8 pg/mL)of erythrocyte lysate between Fy(a+b-) and Fy(a+b+) phenotype was statistically significant (P<0.05), however, the difference in the content of CCL5(794.5±320.1 pg/mL vs 846.9±359.4 pg/mL), CXCL8(59.5±34.2 pg/mL vs 49.1± 11.9 pg/mL), and CCL11(109.1±25.1 pg/mL vs 158.6 ±56.0 pg/mL) were not statistically significant (P>0.05).The difference in the scavenging function of CCL2(1471±202.1 pg/mL vs 1860±267.5 pg/mL)and CCL5 (848.5±461.7 pg/mL vs 1797±546.1pg/mL) between Fy(a+b-) and Fy(a+b+) phenotype were statistically significant (P<0.05), however, for CXCL8(1851±180.7 pg/mL vs 1 862± 248.3 pg/mL) and CCL11(691.0±125.7 pg/mL vs 781.7 ±293.8 pg/mL) scavenging function the difference were not statistically significant (P>0.05).The difference in Duffy antigen expression (mean fluorescent intensity:105.3±20.45 vs 111.9±18.30)on erythrocytes between Fy(a+b-) and Fy(a+b+) phenotype was not statistically significant (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The Fy(a+b+) and Fy(a+b-) phenotypes of the Duffy blood group can affect the chemokine storage and scavenging function of erythrocytes. Fy(a+b+) phenotypes are able to store more chemokines and have a stronger chemokine scavenging function than Fy(a+b-) phenotypes.

Objective:To analyze the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in 1 902 patients and to evaluate the efficacy of drug treatment in 266 patients, aiming to provide reference for the treatment of HPV infection.Methods:The subtypes of HPV isolated from 1 902 patients aged 15-86 years visiting the venereology outpatient clinic of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from October 2019 to May 2021 were identified by polymerase chain reaction-reverse dot blot hybridization. Drug treatment efficacy in 266 patients of them was retrospectively analyzed.Results:The overall incidence of HPV infection in the 1 902 patients was as high as 53.84% (1 024/1 902). It was 52.60% (689/1 310) in males and 56.59% (335/592) in females. There was no significant difference in the incidence between males and females ( P>0.05). The most common HPV genotype in males and females was HPV6 [15.27% (200/1 310) and 21.96% (130/592)], followed by HPV16 [10.61% (139/1 310) and 9.46% (56/592)], HPV11 [9.31% (122/1 310) and 8.61% (51/592)], HPV52 [6.79% (89/1 310) and 8.95% (53/592)] and HPV43 [5.64% (87/1 310) and 8.45% (50/592)]. The majority of HPV-positive patients were aged between 20 and 39 years. There were 476 cases (25.03%, 476/1 902) of single-type infection and 548 cases (28.81%, 548/1 902) of multiple infection. The incidence of multiple infection was higher than that of single-type infection ( P<0.05). The incidence of multiple infection in females was higher than that in males ( P<0.05). Among the 266 patients, 106 were treated with Paiteling, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation, and 68 of them tested negative (64.15%) after treatment. Fifty-eight patients were treated with recombinant human interferon α2b and 22 of them (37.93%) tested negative after treatment. Twenty out of the 56 subjects treated with imiquimod tested negative after treatment. Eight out of the 46 patients without treatment also turned negative. Conclusions:The incidence of HPV infection in the 1 902 patients visiting the venereology outpatient clinic was very high, and most of them were young adults. Multiple infection was more common than single-type infection. Topical application of drugs such as Paiteling, recombinant human interferon α2b and imiquimod was effective in treating HPV infection.

Objective To analyze the relationship between hepatitis B virus genotyping and primary liver cancer (PHC) in Wuhan, and to provide a theoretical basis for the early prevention and diagnosis of PHC. Methods Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) from Wuhan Sub-heart General Hospital for treatment from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected and divided into PHC group (182 cases) and control group (189 cases) according to whether they were complicated with primary liver cancer. 5ml of fasting elbow venous blood was taken from all subjects at admission. HBV genotyping was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The DNA of CHB virus was determined by fluorescence probe hybridization and PCR amplification, and genotyping and drug-resistant mutation points were detected according to the product sequencing analysis. Spearman linear correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between genotyping and mutation rate of PHC patients. Results The proportion of C genotype in PHC group was significantly higher than that in non-PHC group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of B genotype and mixed B and C genotype between 2 groups (P>0.05). The proportion of HEPATITIS B virus mutation in PHC group (114/182) was significantly higher than that in control group (84/189) (χ²=12.331, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the proportion of HBV B type and B, C mixed mutation between the two groups (P>0.05). The proportion of HBV C mutant in PHC group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The proportion of HBV C mutation in PHC group was significantly higher than that of HBV B and B, C mixed type (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the mutation rate of C genotype and C genotype was positively correlated with the occurrence of PHC, and the correlation coefficients were (r₁=0.349, r₂=0.305, P<0.05). Conclusion The HBV genotype of PHC patients is mainly TYPE C, and has a high mutation rate of C genotype. It can be used for diagnosis of PHC by detecting the genotyping of CHB and mutation rate of C genotype in clinic.

Objective To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) versus 595-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) for the treatment of post-acne erythema.Methods A randomized split-face clinical trial was conducted.A total of 20 patients with post-acne erythema were enrolled,and randomized to receive treatment with IPL on one half of the face and 595-nm PDL on the other facial side once every 4 weeks for 3 sessions.Digital photographs were taken using the VISIA,and erythema index was recorded before each treatment and one month after the last treatment.The severity of bilateral facial erythema was evaluated based on a 4-point grading scale before the first treatment and after the last treatment.Pain scores and adverse reactions were recorded using a visual analogue scale (VAS) after each treatment,and a patient satisfaction survey was conducted by questionnaire at the last follow-up.Results The mean erythema index on the IPL side before and after treatment was 472.25 ± 86.02 and 357.15 ±82.71 respectively,and that on the PDL side before and after treatment was 476.40 ± 74.25 and 360.05 ± 64.83 respectively.Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the erythema indices on both treated sides significantly decreased over time (F =197.666,P ＜ 0.001),and the efficacy of IPL was better than that of PDL (F =1 173.909,P ＜ 0.001).Erythema severity grades on the IPL side as well as on the PDL side significantly differed between before and after treatment (Z =28.735,31.450,respectively,both P ＜ 0.001).As VAS showed,the pain score on the PDL side was significantly lower than that on the IPL side (t =2.468,P ＜ 0.05).Among the 20 patients,17 and 15 assessed their improvement as good or excellent after PDL and IPL treatment respectively,but there was no significant difference between the two groups (Z =2.696,P ＞ 0.05).The adverse reactions included erythema,burning sensation,tense sensation,blistering and hyperpigmentation on IPL-treated side,and erythema and purpuric reactions on the PDL-treated side,which all disappeared in a few hours to several days.Conclusions Both IPL and 595-nm PDL are effective and safe for the treatment of post-acne erythema,and are worthy of clinical promotion and application.IPL shows superiority in the efficacy,but elicits higher pain sensation compared with PDL.