Humans ; East Asian People ; Psoriasis/drug therapy* ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use* ; Treatment Outcome ; Severity of Illness Index

OBJECTIVE To study the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of the ethanol extract and the drug-containing serum of Zhuang medicine Stahlianthus involucratus on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation. METHODS The drug-containing serum or blank serum was obtained by intragastrical administration of ethanol extract of S. involucratus （75.35 g/kg） or purified water. Using RAW264.7 cells as objects， RAW264.7 cells were divided into normal control group， LPS group （1 μg/mL）， S. involucratus ethanol extract high-dose， medium-dose and low-dose groups （50， 25， 12.5 μg/mL）， 4% or 15% blank serum groups， 4% or 15% blank serum+LPS groups， 4% or 15% drug-containing serum groups， 4% or 15% drug-containing serum+LPS groups. After culturing for 24 h， cell viability， the contents of nitric oxide tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α）， interleukinand IL-6 as well as mRNA expressions of Toll-like eceptor 4 （TLR4） and nuclear factor κB （NF- κB） and protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase （NOS） and cyclooxygenase 2 （COX-2） were all detected in each group. 0771-4953513。E-mail：zhuhuagx@163.com RESULTS After culturing for 24 h， there was no statisticalsignificance in the difference of cell viability. Compared with normal control group， the contents of NO， TNF-α， IL-1β and IL-6， mRNA expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB， and protein expressions of NOS and COX-2 were increased significantly in LPS group （P＜0.05）. Compared with 4% or 15% blank serum groups， the levels of above indexes were increased significantly in 4% or 15% blank serum+LPS groups （P＜0.05）. Compared with LPS group， the levels of above indexes were decreased significantly in S. involucratus ethanol extract groups （P＜0.05）. Compared with 4% or 15% blank serum+LPS groups， the levels of above indexes were decreased significantly in 4% or 15% drug-containing serum+LPS groups （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The ethanol extract and the drug-containing serum of S. involucratus can significantly alleviate LPS-induced inflammatory reaction， the mechanism of which may be associated with inhibiting the activity of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway， down-regulating the protein expressions of COX-2 and NOS， and reducing the release of inflammatory factors.

OBJECTIVE To study the metabolites derived from the ethanol extract from the leaves of Dimocarpus longan preliminarily in rats in vivo ，and to provide reference for elucidating the possible metabolic mechanism of the leaves of D. longan in lowering blood glucose . METHODS Ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time -of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS） was adopted by taking ethanol extract of D. longan leaves，the feces and urine of rats at 0-72 h and 0-48 h after intragastric administration of 33.8 g/kg ethanol extract of D. longan leaves（by extract ），the feces and urine of rats at the corresponding time after intragastric administration of normal saline （blank control ） as samples . The accurate relative molecular weight ，formula and fragment information of the compounds were collected ， and the compounds were speculated and i dentified by matching with the database and spectrum library of the instrument ，and comparing with the reference substance and relevant literature . RESULTS A total of eight compounds were identified in urine and feces of rats ，including 2 prototype components and 6 metabolites. Three compounds （including two prototype components as quercetin ，luteolin and one metabolite as luteolin or kaempferol） in feces of rats were identified ；five compounds （all metabolites ） in urine of rats were identified ，involving metabolites of quercetin ，luteolin or kaempferol . Metabolites mainly included the products of methylation ，glucuronidation and oxidation. CONCLUSIONS After intragastric administration ，the ethanol extract from the leaves of D. longan is mainly metabolized in rats through methylation ，glucuronidation and other pathways . The identified compounds are mostly metabolites of quercetin and luteolin .

OBJECTIVE To establish an analytical method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time- of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） combined with UNIFI platform for rapid identification of the chemical constituents in Abrus cantoniensis Hance. METHODS The chromatographic separation was performed on ACQUITY PRM HSS T3 FIT column for gradient elution with the mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min， and injection volume was 2 μL. Electrospray ionization was used to collect the mass spectrometry data of the chemical constituents of A. cantoniensis Hance with full information tandem mass spectrometry technology in positive and negative ion modes. The chemical constituent database of A. cantoniensis Hance was established. Targeted and non-targeted analyses were conducted based on UNIFI platform， and chemical constituents were further identified in combination with accurate molecular mass， secondary fragment ion information and equivalence with reference substances and literature data， etc. RESULTS Totally 46 compounds of A. cantoniensis Hance were successfully identified， including 19 flavonoids， 8 triterpenoids， 3 alkaloids， 5 organic acids and 11 other components. Among them， 11 compounds were firstly found in A. cantoniensis Hance， and 9 compounds were confirmed by reference substance. CONCLUSIONS The analytical method based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS combined with UNIFI platform can quickly identify the chemical constituents of A. cantoniensis Hance. Flavonoids and triterpenes are the main components in A. cantoniensis Hance.

Objective    To evaluate the effect of smoking and drinking status on the prognosis of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods    The clinical data of 483 patients with ESCC who underwent surgical treatment in Shannxi Provincial People's Hospital from 2007 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 352 patients were male and 131 were female, with a median age of 64 (37-80) years. There were 311 smokers and 172 drinkers. The relationship between preoperative drinking or smoking status and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with ESCC was analyzed. Log-rank method and Cox risk regression were used to conduct univariate and multivariate survival analysis, respectively. Results    The preoperative smoking status was related to the patient's tumor location (P=0.030). Drinking status was associated with tumor location (P=0.001), degree of differentiation (P=0.030), pathological T stage (P=0.024) and pathological N stage (P=0.029). Univariate survival analysis showed that smoking status did not affect the disease-free survival (DFS) (P=0.188) and overall survival (OS) (P=0.127) of patients with ESCC. However, patients who drank alcohol had worse PFS than non-drinking patients (29.37 months vs. 42.87 months, P=0.009). It was further proved that alcohol consumption was an independent risk factor affecting patients' recurrence and metastasis by using multivariate analysis (RR=1.28, P=0.040). Alcohol consumption also reduced the OS of patients by 21.47 months (P=0.014), however, multivariate analysis did not yield significant results. Conclusion    Preoperative drinking status is related to the stage and differentiation of patients with ESCC. It is an independent risk factor affecting the recurrence and metastasis of ESCC.

OBJECTIVE：To i nvestigate the spectrum-effect relationship of analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl acetate extract from Zhuang medicine Stahlianthus involucratus from different habitats. METHODS ：Ten batches of S. involucratus from different habitats were used as samples to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of ethyl acetate extracts by xylene induced ear swelling test and acetic acid induced writhing test in mice. HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of ethyl acetate extract from S. involucratus were established and their similarity was evaluated by using Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatogram Fingerprint （2012 edition），and the common peaks were identified by comparison with the control. The spectrum-effect relationship of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of ethyl acetate extract from S. involucratus were analyzed on the basis of Pearson correlation coefficient （auricle swelling degree and writhing times in 15 min as pharmacodynamic indexes ）and Grey relational analysis （inhibition rate of ear swelling and analgesic rate as pharmacodynamic indexes ）. RESULTS ： batches of ethyl acetate extract from S. involucratus had obvious anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects ； inhibition rates of ear swelling in mice were 46.43％-55.16％，and the analgesic rates of mice were 45.56％-52.72％. A total of 18 common peaks were identified in 10 batches of samples ，andthe similarity between them and the control fingerprint was 0.994-0.997. Compared with substance control ，the pea ks 1，2 and 4 were identified as protocatechuic acid ， p-hydroxy- 0771-4953513。E-mail：liangjie1101@126.com benzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde，respectively. Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that peak 10 and peak 18 were significantly negative correlated with auricle swelling degree and writhing times in 15 min（r were values －0.853，－0.738，P values were 0.002，0.015，respectively）. Results of Gray correlation degree analysis showed that the correlation degree of 18 common peaks with inhibition rate of ear swelling and analgesic rate were all greater than 0.65；among them ，peaks 14，1（protocatechuic acid ），17，9，4（p-hydroxybenzaldehyde），2（p-hydroxybenzoic acid ）， 16，7 and 6 showed the relatively high correlation degree （correlation degree ＞0.7）；peak 1（protocatechuic acid ），17，14，9，16，2 （p-hydroxybenzoic acid ）and 4（p-hydroxybenzaldehyde）showed the relatively high correlation degree （correlation degree ＞0.7）. CONCLUSIONS：The ethyl acetate extract of S. involucratus show good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Peak 1 （protocatechuic acid ），2（p-hydroxybenzoic acid ），10，14，17，18 may be its main active ingredients.

Objective:To investigate the clinical outcome of arthroscopic suture-button Bristow procedure using suture-button fixation for treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze 28 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability admitted to Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital from March 2015 to September 2018，including 26 males and 2 females，aged 18-36 years ［（24.1 ± 3.2）years］. Preoperative MRI showed Bankart injury and three-dimensional CT showed glenoid bone defect > 15%. The Hill-Sachs injury was found in 27 patients. Arthroscopic Bristow procedure was used to fix coracoid process graft with the suture-button plate and glenoid labial complex was repaired with the suture anchor to treat anterior instability of the shoulder joint. The visual analogue scale （VAS），American shoulder and elbow surgeon （ASES） scale，Constant score and Rowe score were used to evaluate the shoulder joint function preoperatively，at postoperative 3，6，12 months and at the last follow-up. The postoperative infection，neurovascular injury，redislocation and other complications were recorded，and the incidence rate was calculated. The bone resorption and bone healing of coracoid process graft were analyzed by CT.Results:All patients were followed up for 22 - 36 months ［（24.5 ± 6.3） months］. Three months after operation，the VAS，ASES scale and Constant score were not significantly different from those before operation （ P > 0.05）. In comparison，the Rowe score was significantly higher than that before operation （ P < 0.05）. Six and twelve months after operation，the VAS，ASES scale，Constant score and Rowe score were significantly improved from those before operation （ P < 0.05）. At the last follow-up，the VAS decreased from （2.7 ± 1.5）points preoperatively to （0.8 ± 0.3）points，the ASES scale increased from （78.6 ± 12.7）points preoperatively to （92.4 ± 8.4）points，the Constant score increased from （43.4 ± 5.2） points preoperatively to （81.6 ± 6.7） points，the Rowe score increased from （52.3 ± 7.1）preoperatively to （92.7 ± 5.4） points （ P < 0.05）. During the follow-up，there was no infection，neurovascular injury，re-dislocation and other complications. In addition，24 （86%） out of the 28 patient showed healing of coracoid process grafts，and the overall bone resorption rate was （18.4 ± 6.1）%. No patients had glenohumeral joint osteoarthritis. Conclusion:Arthroscopic Bristow procedure using suture-button fixation for treatment of recurrent anterior shoulder instability has advantages of a low rate of postoperative complications and a high union rate，indicating an effective and safe surgical procedure.

Objective:To investigate the value of exocrine LncRNA SPINT1-AS1 in diagnosis and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) .Methods:qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of SPINT1-AS1 in PTC tissues, cell lines (TPC-1, BCPAP, K1 and IHH4) , serum exocrine bodies of patients and normal tissues adjacent to cancer, human thyroid normal cell line Nthy-ori 3-1 and healthy volunteers. CCK-8 and colony formation assay were used to detect the effects of SPINT1-AS1 on the proliferation and colony formation of PTC cells. The interaction between SPINT1-AS1 and miR-128-3p, miR-128-3p and ITGA3 was verified by double luciferase report test.Results:The expression of SPINT1-AS1 in PTC tissues and cell lines was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues and Nthy-ori 3-1 cell lines. Knockdown of SPINT1-AS1 inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of PTC cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that there was a SPINT1-AS1/miR-128-3p/ITGA3 interaction regulatory network in PTC. The direct interaction of SPINT1-AS1, miR-128-3p and ITGA3 was verified by double luciferase reporter test. In addition, SPINT1-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in serum exocrine bodies of patients with PTC.Conclusion:Our study shows that SPINT1-AS1 regulates the miR-128-3p/ITGA3 axis to promote the proliferation and colony formation of PTC cells. Exocrine SPINT1-AS1 may be an effective molecular target for PTC in diagnosis and treatment of PTC.

Rapid development of high-throughput technologies has permitted the identification of an increasing number of disease-associated genes (DAGs), which are important for understanding disease initiation and developing precision therapeutics. However, DAGs often contain large amounts of redundant or false positive information, leading to difficulties in quantifying and prioritizing potential relationships between these DAGs and human diseases. In this study, a network-oriented gene entropy approach (NOGEA) is proposed for accurately inferring master genes that contribute to specific diseases by quantitatively calculating their perturbation abilities on directed disease-specific gene networks. In addition, we confirmed that the master genes identified by NOGEA have a high reliability for predicting disease-specific initiation events and progression risk. Master genes may also be used to extract the underlying information of different diseases, thus revealing mechanisms of disease comorbidity. More importantly, approved therapeutic targets are topologically localized in a small neighborhood of master genes in the interactome network, which provides a new way for predicting drug-disease associations. Through this method, 11 old drugs were newly identified and predicted to be effective for treating pancreatic cancer and then validated by in vitro experiments. Collectively, the NOGEA was useful for identifying master genes that control disease initiation and co-occurrence, thus providing a valuable strategy for drug efficacy screening and re-positioning. NOGEA codes are publicly available at https://github.com/guozihuaa/NOGEA.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of early enteral nutrition intolerance in extremely severe burn patients.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was performed. From January 2018 to December 2020, seventy-six adult patients with extremely severe burns who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Hwa Mei Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, including 55 males and 21 females, aged (45±11) years with burns of 62% (52%, 82%) total body surface area. Depending on the patient's tolerance to early enteral nutrition, they were divided into tolerance group (47 patients) and intolerance group (29 patients), and their clinical data were statistically analyzed, including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), underlying disease, total burn area, full-thickness burn area, abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI) score, implementation of mechanical ventilation on the day of admission, stable shock state, vomiting before feeding. The following data were recorded including the onset time, duration length, and frequency of enteral nutrition intolerance of patients in intolerance group, and the number of operations, the length of hospitalization, the occurrence of sepsis within 2 weeks after injury, the outcome, as well as the serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), albumin, fasting blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) on post burn day (PBD) 1, 5, 9, and 13 of patients in the two groups. Data were statistically analyzed with independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test to screen the related factors of early enteral nutrition intolerance of the patients. Binary univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the independent risk factors of early enteral nutrition intolerance of the patients. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, BMI, and percentage of underlying disease of patients between the two groups ( P>0.05). The total burn area, full-thickness burn area, ABSI score, mechanical ventilation percentage on the day of admission, percentage of unstable shock period, percentage of vomiting before feeding of patients in intolerance group were significantly higher than those in tolerance group ( Z=-4.559, -3.378, -4.067, χ 2=18.375, 23.319, 8.339, P<0.01). In intolerance group, the onset time of intolerance was (9±4) d after injury, and the duration length was 4 (2, 6) d, with a total of 46 times occurred. Compared with tolerance group, the percentage of sepsis and mortality of patients in intolerance group were significantly higher within 2 weeks after injury ( χ 2=16.571, 12.665, P<0.01). The number of operation and length of hospitalization of patients in the two groups were similar ( P>0.05); however the length of hospitalization of patients in the intolerance group was significantly more than that in tolerance group after excluding the death cases ( Z=-2.266, P<0.05). On PBD 1, the level of fasting blood glucose and AST of patients in intolerance group were significantly higher than those in tolerance group ( t=3.070, Z=-3.070, P<0.01). On PBD 5, the levels of hs-CRP, albumin, fasting blood-glucose, ALT, AST, and γ-GT of patients in the two groups were similar ( P>0.05). On PBD 9, the level of hs-CRP of patients in intolerance group was significantly higher than that in tolerance group ( t=2.836, P<0.01), and the levels of ALT and γ-GT of patients in intolerance group were significantly lower than those in tolerance group ( Z=-3.932, -2.052, P<0.05 or P<0.01). On PBD 13, the level of hs-CRP of patients in intolerance group was significantly higher than that in tolerance group ( t=3.794, P<0.01), and the levels of fasting blood glucose, ALT, and γ-GT of patients in intolerance group were significantly lower than those in tolerance group ( t=-2.176, Z=-2.945, -2.250, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Binary univariate logistic regression analysis showed that total burn area, full-thickness burn area, ABSI score, implementation of mechanical ventilation on the day of admission, unstable shock period, vomiting before feeding, and fasting blood-glucose on PBD 1 of patients were related to early enteral nutrition intolerance (odds ratio=1.086, 1.052, 1.775, 9.167, 12.797, 10.125, 1.249, 95% confidence interval=1.045-1.129, 1.019-1.085, 1.320-2.387, 3.132-26.829, 4.199-39.000, 2.003-51.172, 1.066-1.464, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the large total burn area, unstable shock period, vomiting before feeding, and high fasting blood-glucose on PBD 1 of patients were the independent risk factors of early enteral nutrition intolerance in patients (odds ratio=1.073, 6.390, 9.004, 1.246, 95% confidence interval=1.021-1.128, 1.527-26.734, 1.134-71.496, 1.007-1.540, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions:The percentage of early enteral nutrition intolerance is very high in extremely severe burn patients, which is closely related to poor prognosis. Large total burn area, vomiting before feeding, unstable shock phase, high fasting glucose on PBD 1 of patients are the independent risk factors for early enteral nutrition intolerance in extremely severe burn patients. The benefits and risks should be carefully evaluated before starting enteral nutrition in such patients, and early enteral nutrition should not be blindly pursued.