Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of thermal tomography in breast cancer (BC) screening. Methods We conducted a general population-based BC screening in three regions of Hubei Province (Xiantao, Hongan, and Yangxin Districts). Participants underwent a questionnaire-based interview for baseline data collection. They then received a physical examination, thermal tomography, and ultrasound from doctors and technicians. We compared the efficacies, including sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive rates, of ultrasound and thermal tomography in BC screening. Results A total of 59 712 eligible women were included in this screening program. The BI-RADS 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 accordance rates between the two screening methods were 0.9549, 0.8047, 0.9037, 0.3352, and 0, respectively. The overall accordance rate was 0.933 1. The kappa consistency results showed that the Cicchetti-Allison and Fleiss-Cohen kappa values were 0.7970 and 0.8583, respectively. Although the two methods had equal sensitivities, specificity was higher in thermal tomography than in ultrasound. The false-positive rate was lower in thermal tomography than in ultrasound. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of thermal tomography was significantly larger than that of ultrasound. Conclusion The general consistency between thermal tomography and ultrasound in BC screening was high. Thermal tomography outperformed ultrasound in terms of specificity and diagnostic efficiency. Therefore, thermal tomography has a high application value for general population-based BC screening.

Objective To explore the application of Plan-Do-Check-Act(PDCA)cycle management to continuously im-prove the service quality of outpatient pharmacy and enhance patient satisfaction.Methods To address the problem of long wait-ing time for patients in outpatient pharmacy,we applied PDCA cycle to investigate the factors affecting patients'waiting time in the process of medicine collection,analyze the current situation,determine the expected goals,formulate the service quality im-provement plan of outpatient pharmacy,implement the improvement plan,follow up and supervise,and summarize and analyse the problems regularly until it was solved.Results After implementing the PDCA cycle in the management,the service quality of outpatient pharmacy was improved,the waiting time was significantly shortened and the satisfaction of medical treatment was in-creased.Conclusion The application of PDCA cycle method is effective in improving the service quality of outpatient pharmacy.Therefore,it is recommended for broader implementation.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)overflow through apical foramen or damaged root canal wall and enter into soft tissue is rare during root canal treatment.This article reports a case of NaClO overflow during root canal treatment.Through literatures review,the symptoms,treatment methods and preventive measures of such cases are analyzed and discussed to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

This paper summarizes the exploration process and academic significance of the academic thought of Zhou Zhongying,a master of traditional Chinese medicine,who took the creation of a new system of TCM pathogenesis theory as the core,and interprets its theoretical connotation.As a pioneer in the construction of higher education textbooks for traditional Chinese medicine,Professor Zhou Zhongying created the outline of TCM internal medicine viscera differentiation,persisted in carrying out innovative research on patho-genesis theory,achieved fruitful academic results,and enriched and developed the academic system of TCM theory.In the clinical di-agnosis and treatment of exogenous febrile diseases and acute and difficult internal injuries,he systematically created new pathogenesis theories such as stasis-heat theory and cancer toxicity theory.Based on this,the legislation of medication can improve the clinical effi-cacy,and it is realized that identifying the pathogenesis is the key link in syndrome differentiation and treatment.In his later years,Professor Zhou Zhongying,guided by the holistic view,proposed the"thirteen pathogenesis"and constructed a new system of TCM pathogenesis differentiation,highlighting the guiding value of complex pathogenesis and the causal chain of pathogenesis elements to complex clinical diseases and syndromes,forming a theory with the idea of"examining syndromes and seeking pathogenesis,activating syndrome differentiation"as its soul.This theory breaks through the rigid thinking of syndrome differentiation and treatment based on a single pathogenesis or fixed syndrome type,reconstructs the theoretical framework of TCM with the idea of holistic view,and is a major academic innovation in modern TCM.

Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (https://hlse.cn/), with the aim of synthesizing, evaluating, translating, and applying lifestyle-related evidence resources. This paper aims to introduce the functional module design of the evidence translation system, the system development process and testing, introduce the interface design and function demonstration, and explain the significance of constructing the HLSE.

To systematically construct a guideline to provide a methodological guide for researchers to develop patient decision aids.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6) is a member of the serine and arginine-rich (SR) protein family,and it plays a crucial regulatory role in RNA splicing.Dysregulation of SRSF6 ex-pression or function can lead to aberrant alternative splicing of certain genes,and contribute to the devel-opment and progression of inflammatory diseases,including tumors,diabetes,and pleural fibrosis.How-ever,the role of SRSF6 in inflammation remains unclear.In this study,we found that the expression of inflammatory factors,including tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),was induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) .Concurrently,both the levels of SRSF6 mRNA and protein ex-pression significantly increased with prolonged LPS stimulation (P<0.05) .Furthermore,we investigated the change of SRSF6 expression on the expression of inflammatory factors.The results showed that upreg-ulation of SRSF6 enhanced the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory factors (P<0.05),while down-regulation of SRSF6 inhibited their expression (P<0.05) .Additionally,the activation of the nuclear fac-tor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways was suppressed by SRSF6 knockdown (P<0.05),indicating that SRSF6 is involved in regulating inflammatory responses in macrophages.Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is a key adaptor protein in the TLR4 signaling pathway,with its splicing isoforms MyD88-L and MyD88-S exerting pro-inflammatory and anti-inflamma-tory effects,respectively.Analysis of RNA-binding protein database and RNA immunoprecipitation showed that SRSF6 binds to MyD88 mRNA.Splicing analysis indicated that downregulation of SRSF6 promoted the expression of the anti-inflammatory MyD88-S mRNA isoform (P<0.01) .Moreover,knock-down of MyD88-S could rescue the expression of inflammatory factors suppressed by SRSF6 downregula-tion.These findings suggest that SRSF6 regulates MyD88 alternative splicing in macrophages,thereby af-fecting the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and the expression of inflammatory factors.This study provides a foundation for further elucidating the role of SRSF6 in inflammatory diseases.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective mechanism of Forsythia suspensa extracts(FSE)on S.aureus-induced inflammatory injury of rat mammary epithelial cells.Fifty lactating rats were selected and randomly divided into five groups with 10 rats each:the blank control group(the fourth pair of mammary glands were injected with saline),the model group(the fourth pair of mammary glands were injected with 100 pL of S.aureus bacterial solution),the high-dose group(the fourth pair of mammary glands were injected with S.aureus bacterial solu-tion for 24 h,and then the rats were administered by gavage of 3.750 g/(kg·d)FSE for 1-7 d),the medium-dose group(24 h after the fourth pair of mammary injections,the rats were adminis-tered by gavage 1.875 g/(kg·d)FSE for 1-7 d),and in the low-dose group(24 h after the fourth pair of mammary injections,the rats were administered by gavage 0.935 g/(kg·d)FSE for 1-7 d),blood samples were collected 24 h after the last administration of the drug and then the rats were executed.The results showed that the mammary tissue of the model group was severely dam-aged,and the mRNA expression of IKKβ,MyD88,NF-κB,and TLR4 was significantly increased in the mammary tissue(P＜0.05).The relative expression of IKKβ,MyD88,NF-κB,and TLR4 pro-teins in the mammary tissue of the model group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05)by medium and high doses of FSE compared with the model group.Therefore,FSE may play an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting the Toll-like signaling pathway to improve S.aureus-induced inflammatory re-sponse in rat mammary epithelial cells and decrease the expression of the downstream pathway proteins IKKβ,MyD88,NF-κB,and TLR4.