ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of mitochondrial translational initiation factor 2 （MTIF2） gene methylation and its association with the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）. MethodsMethSurv and EWAS Data Hub were used to perform the standardized analysis and the cluster analysis of MTIF2 methylation samples， including survival curve analysis， methylation signature analysis， the association of tumor signaling pathways， and a comparative analysis based on pan-cancer database. The independent-samples t test was used for comparison between two groups； a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to perform the univariate and multivariate survival analyses of methylation level at the CpG site. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to investigate the survival differences between the patients with low methylation level and those with high methylation level， and the Log-likelihood ratio method was used for survival difference analysis. ResultsGlobal clustering of MTIF2 methylation showed that there was no significant difference in MTIF2 gene methylation level between different races， ethnicities， BMI levels， and ages. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the patients with N-Shore hypermethylation of the MTIF2 gene had a significantly better prognosis than those with hypomethylation （hazard ratio ［HR］=0.492， P<0.001）， while there was no significant difference in survival rate between the patients with different CpG island and S-Shore methylation levels （P>0.05）. The methylation profile of the MTIF2 gene based on different ages， sexes， BMI levels， races， ethnicities， and clinical stages showed that the N-Shore and CpG island methylation levels of the MTIF2 gene decreased with the increase in age， and the Caucasian population had significantly lower N-Shore methylation levels of the MTIF2 gene than the Asian population （P<0.05）； the patients with clinical stage Ⅳ had significantly lower N-Shore and CpG island methylation levels of the MTIF2 gene than those with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ （P<0.05）. Clinical validation showed that the patients with stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ HCC had a significantly lower methylation level of the MTIF2 gene than those with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ HCC and the normal population （P<0.05）. ConclusionN-Shore hypomethylation of the MTIF2 gene is a risk factor for the development and progression of HCC.

The sirtuin 1(SIRT1)is an important NAD+-dependent deacetylase that has attracted much attention in ophthalmic research in recent years. This is because the expression of SIRT1 in ocular tissues and its function are inextricably linked to the pathogenesis and progression of many ocular diseases, including dry eye, glaucoma, cataract and diabetic retinopathy. Through in-depth investigations, we have found that SIRT1, as a key regulatory protein, has a profound impact on the pathophysiological processes of ocular diseases through a variety of mechanisms, such as regulating apoptotic programs, modulating oxidative stress, mediating inflammatory responses and maintaining normal mitochondrial function. These findings indicate that SIRT1 plays an important protective role in ocular diseases. The aim of this article is to comprehensively review the latest research findings on SIRT1 in ophthalmic diseases in recent years, and hopes to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of ophthalmic diseases by thoroughly analyzing the mechanism of action of SIRT1.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for cystic fibrosis (CF). Methods A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed databases up to August 7, 2024. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected for data extraction and quality assessment. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and the risk of bias and applicability of included prediction model studies were assessed by the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). Results A total of 10 studies were included, among which 5 studies only identified specific exhaled VOCs in CF patients, and another 5 developed 7 CF risk prediction models based on the identification of VOCs in CF. The included studies reported a total of 75 exhaled VOCs, most of which belonged to the categories of acylcarnitines, aldehydes, acids, and esters. Most models (n=6, 85.7%) only included exhaled VOCs as predictive factors, and only one model included factors other than VOCs, including forced expiratory flow at 75% of forced vital capacity (FEF75) and modified Medical Research Council scale for the assessment of dyspnea (mMRC). The accuracy of the models ranged from 77% to 100%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.771 to 0.988. None of the included studies provided information on the calibration of the models. The results of the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) showed that the overall bias risk of all predictive model studies was high, and the overall applicability was unclear. Conclusion The exhaled VOCs reported in the included studies showed significant heterogeneity, and more research is needed to explore specific compounds for CF. In addition, risk prediction models based on exhaled VOCs have certain value in the diagnosis of CF, but the overall bias risk is relatively high and needs further optimization from aspects such as model construction and validation.

AIM: To investigate the role of pyroptosis in the development of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and to explore the regulatory mechanism by which circular RNA(circRNA)and its targeted microRNA(miRNA)mediate pyroptosis in DR, providing new therapeutic targets and strategies for the prevention and treatment of DR.METHODS: A streptozotocin(STZ)-induced model of type 1 diabetes in SD rats was established. The expression of circRNA_0076631, miR-214, and pyroptosis-related factors were measured in retinal tissues. CCK-8 and tube formation assays were used to detect the effect of different concentration of glucose on cell proliferation and angiogenic abilities of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMECs). The expression levels of circRNA_0076631, miR-214, and pyroptosis-related markers were evaluated through qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, with additional experiments conducted following circRNA_0076631 knockdown to assess its effect on pyroptosis markers. Previous bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays identified a shared binding site among circRNA_0076631, miR-214, and caspase-1. To clarify the interaction between these molecules, co-transfection experiments using circRNA_0076631 inhibitors(ASO-circRNA_0076631), miR-214 overexpression transfection reagent, and miR-214 inhibitors(AMO-miR-214)were conducted to elucidate the regulatory pathway involved in DR.RESULTS: Both the diabetic rat model and D-glucose-treated HRMECs showed significantly elevated expression of circRNA_0076631 and pyroptosis-related factors(NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β), while miR-214 expression was reduced(all P<0.05). The mRNA expression of pyroptosis-related factors caspase-1 was reduced after the overexpression of miR-214, and it was upregulated after the inhibition of miR-214(all P<0.05). Knockdown of circRNA_0076631 reduced the mRNA expression of pyroptosis markers caspase-1(P<0.05). Co-transfection experiments revealed that the inhibition circRNA_0076631 suppressed pyroptosis(all P<0.05), but this suppression was reversed upon co-transfection with miR-214 inhibitors, leading to increased mRNA expression of the pyroptosis marker caspase-1(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The circRNA_0076631 and pyroptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of DR, and circRNA_0076631 may regulate pyroptosis by modulating miR-214, which in turn influences the expression of caspase-1 in the pyroptosis signaling pathway, thereby contributing to DR progression. The circRNA_0076631 may serve as a novel therapeutic target, providing new insights for the prevention and treatment of DR.

AIM: To investigate the role of pyroptosis in the development of diabetic retinopathy(DR)and to explore the regulatory mechanism by which circular RNA(circRNA)and its targeted microRNA(miRNA)mediate pyroptosis in DR, providing new therapeutic targets and strategies for the prevention and treatment of DR.METHODS: A streptozotocin(STZ)-induced model of type 1 diabetes in SD rats was established. The expression of circRNA_0076631, miR-214, and pyroptosis-related factors were measured in retinal tissues. CCK-8 and tube formation assays were used to detect the effect of different concentration of glucose on cell proliferation and angiogenic abilities of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(HRMECs). The expression levels of circRNA_0076631, miR-214, and pyroptosis-related markers were evaluated through qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, with additional experiments conducted following circRNA_0076631 knockdown to assess its effect on pyroptosis markers. Previous bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays identified a shared binding site among circRNA_0076631, miR-214, and caspase-1. To clarify the interaction between these molecules, co-transfection experiments using circRNA_0076631 inhibitors(ASO-circRNA_0076631), miR-214 overexpression transfection reagent, and miR-214 inhibitors(AMO-miR-214)were conducted to elucidate the regulatory pathway involved in DR.RESULTS: Both the diabetic rat model and D-glucose-treated HRMECs showed significantly elevated expression of circRNA_0076631 and pyroptosis-related factors(NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β), while miR-214 expression was reduced(all P<0.05). The mRNA expression of pyroptosis-related factors caspase-1 was reduced after the overexpression of miR-214, and it was upregulated after the inhibition of miR-214(all P<0.05). Knockdown of circRNA_0076631 reduced the mRNA expression of pyroptosis markers caspase-1(P<0.05). Co-transfection experiments revealed that the inhibition circRNA_0076631 suppressed pyroptosis(all P<0.05), but this suppression was reversed upon co-transfection with miR-214 inhibitors, leading to increased mRNA expression of the pyroptosis marker caspase-1(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The circRNA_0076631 and pyroptosis play critical roles in the pathogenesis of DR, and circRNA_0076631 may regulate pyroptosis by modulating miR-214, which in turn influences the expression of caspase-1 in the pyroptosis signaling pathway, thereby contributing to DR progression. The circRNA_0076631 may serve as a novel therapeutic target, providing new insights for the prevention and treatment of DR.

ObjectiveTo describe the medical services quality and safety of rehabilitation medicine departments in general hospitals and rehabilitation hospitals in 2022 from the aspects of structure, link and outcome quality. MethodsThrough the National Clinical Improvement System of the National Health Commission, all secondary and above general hospitals and rehabilitation hospitals were investigated in 2022, the relevant data from 7 250 hospitals, including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine hospitals in 2022. A total of 3 153 sampling hospitals that equipped with rehabilitation medicine wards were included for analysis. ResultsAmong the 7 250 general hospitals surveyed this year, only 3 277 equipped with rehabilitation wards. In general hospitals, the average number of physicians per bed in 56.46% hospitals, the average number of rehabilitation therapists per bed in 77.67% hospitals, and the average number of nurses per bed in 51.18% hospitals did not meet the national requirements. The rates of early rehabilitation intervention were 13.98%, 20.82% and 21.36% respectively in the department of orthopedics, department of neurology and department of intensive care in general hospitals. The average activity of daily living improvement rate of discharged patients from rehabilitation departments of general hospitals was 77.69%, and that of discharged patients from rehabilitation specialized hospitals was 66.78%. ConclusionThere are insufficient allocation of wards and facility scales in the department of rehabilitation medicine, a shortage of human resources for rehabilitation services, inadequate integration of rehabilitation services with clinical services, and there is still scope for enhancing the effect and efficiency of rehabilitation services. It is recommended to expand the scale of rehabilitation services and improve discipline construction; increase the quantity and quality of rehabilitation human resources; incorporate rehabilitation services into the health service system; establish and modify clinical rehabilitation guidelines and technical specifications; and construct a rehabilitation medical information platform.

ObjectiveTo elucidate the critical role of rehabilitation medical records (including electronic records) in rehabilitation medicine's clinical practice and management, comprehensively analyzed the structure, core content and data standards of rehabilitation medical records, to develop a standardized medical record data architecture and core dataset suitable for rehabilitation medicine and to explore the application of rehabilitation data in performance evaluation and payment. MethodsBased on the regulatory documents Basic Specifications for Medical Record Writing and Basic Specifications for Electronic Medical Records (Trial) issued by National Health Commission of China, and referencing the World Health Organization (WHO) Family of International Classifications (WHO-FICs) classifications, International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10/ICD-11), International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI Beta-3), this study constructed the data architecture, core content and data standards for rehabilitation medical records. Furthermore, it explored the application of rehabilitation record summary sheets (home page) data in rehabilitation medical statistics and payment methods, including Diagnosis-related Groups (DRG), Diagnosis-Intervention Packet (DIP) and Case Mix Index. ResultsThis study proposed a systematic standard framework for rehabilitation medical records, covering key components such as patient demographics, rehabilitation diagnosis, functional assessment, rehabilitation treatment prescriptions, progress evaluations and discharge summaries. The research analyzed the systematic application methods and data standards of ICD-10/ICD-11, ICF and ICHI Beta-3 in the fields of medical record terminology, coding and assessment. Constructing a standardized data structure and data standards for rehabilitation medical records can significantly improve the quality of data reporting based on the medical record summary sheet, thereby enhancing the quality control of rehabilitation services, effectively supporting the optimization of rehabilitation medical insurance payment mechanisms, and contributing to the establishment of rehabilitation medical performance evaluation and payment based on DRG and DIP. ConclusionStructured rehabilitation records and data standardization are crucial tools for quality control in rehabilitation. Systematically applying the three reference classifications of the WHO-FICs, and aligning with national medical record and electronic health record specifications, facilitate the development of a standardized rehabilitation record architecture and core dataset. Standardizing rehabilitation care pathways based on the ICF methodology, and developing ICF- and ICD-11-based rehabilitation assessment tools, auxiliary diagnostic and therapeutic systems, and supporting terminology and coding systems, can effectively enhance the quality of rehabilitation records and enable interoperability and sharing of rehabilitation data with other medical data, ultimately improving the quality and safety of rehabilitation services.

ObjectiveTo explore the data standard system of electronic medical records in the field of rehabilitation, focusing on the terminology and coding standards, data structure, and key content categories of rehabilitation electronic medical records. MethodsBased on the Administrative Norms for the Application of Electronic Medical Records issued by the National Health Commission of China, the electronic medical record standard architecture issued by the International Organization for Standardization and Health Level Seven (HL7), the framework of the World Health Organization Family of International Classifications (WHO-FICs), Basic Architecture and Data Standards of Electronic Medical Records, Basic Data Set of Electronic Medical Records, and Specifications for Sharing Documents of Electronic Medical Records, the study constructed and organized the data structure, content, and data standards of rehabilitation electronic medical records. ResultsThe data structure of rehabilitation electronic medical records should strictly follow the structure of electronic medical records, including four levels (clinical document, document section, data set and data element) and four major content areas (basic information, diagnostic information, intervention information and cost information). Rehabilitation electronic medical records further integrated information related to rehabilitation needs and characteristics, emphasizing rehabilitation treatment, into clinical information. By fully applying the WHO-FICs reference classifications, rehabilitation electronic medical records could establish a standardized framework, diagnostic criteria, functional description tools, coding tools and terminology index tools for the coding, indexing, functional description, and analysis and interpretation of diseases and health problems. The study elaborated on the data structure and content categories of rehabilitation electronic medical records in four major categories, refined the granularity of reporting rehabilitation content in electronic medical records, and provided detailed data reporting guidance for rehabilitation electronic medical records. ConclusionThe standardization of rehabilitation electronic medical records is significant for improving the quality of rehabilitation medical services and promoting the rehabilitation process of patients. The development of rehabilitation electronic medical records must be based on the national and international standards. Under the general electronic medical records data structure and standards, a rehabilitation electronic medical records data system should be constructed which incorporates core data such as disease diagnosis, functional description and assessment, and rehabilitation interventions. The standardized rehabilitation electronic medical records scheme constructed in this study can support the improvement of standardization of rehabilitation electronic medical records data information.

ObjectiveTo analyze the data structure and standards of rehabilitation outpatient medical records, to provide data support for improving the quality of rehabilitation outpatient care and developing medical insurance payment policies. MethodsBased on the normative documents issued by the National Health Commission, Basic Standards for Medical Record Writing and Standards for Electronic Medical Record Sharing Documents, in accordance with the Quality Management Regulations for Outpatient (Emergency) Diagnosis and Treatment Information Pages (Trial), reference to the framework of the World Health Organization Family of International Classifications (WHO-FICs), the data framework and content of rehabilitation outpatient medical records were determined, and the data standards were discussed. ResultsThis study constructed a data framework for rehabilitation outpatient medical records, including four main components: patient basic information, visit process information, diagnosis and treatment information, and cost information. Three major reference classifications of WHO-FICs, International Classification of Diseases, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and International Classification of Health Interventions,were used to establish diagnostic standards and standardized terminology, as well as coding disease diagnosis, functional description, functional assessment, and rehabilitation interventions, to improve the quality of data reporting, and level of quality control in rehabilitation. ConclusionThe structuring and standardization of rehabilitation outpatient medical records are the foundation for sharing of rehabilitation data. The using of the three major classifications of WHO-FICs is valuable for the terminology and coding of disease diagnosis, functional description and assessment, and intervention in rehabilitation outpatient medical records, which is significant for sharing and interconnectivity of rehabilitation outpatient data, as well as for optimizing the quality and safety of rehabilitation medical services.

ObjectiveTo explore the standardization of inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet, encompassing its structure, content and data standards, to enhance the standardization level of inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet, improve data reporting quality, and provide accurate data support for medical insurance payment, hospital performance evaluation, and rehabilitation discipline evaluation. MethodsBased on the relevant specifications of the National Health Commission's Basic Norms for Medical Record Writing, Specifications for Sharing Documents of Electronic Medical Records, and Quality Management and Control Indicators for Inpatient Medical Record Summary Sheet (2016 Edition), this study analyzed the structure and content of the inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet. The study systematically applied the three major reference classifications of the World Health Organization Family of International Classifications, International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10/ICD-11, ICD-9-CM-3), International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), and International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI Beta-3), for disease diagnosis, functional description and assessment, and rehabilitation intervention, forming a standardized terminology system and coding methods. ResultsThe inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet covered four major sections: inpatient information, hospitalization information, diagnosis and treatment information, and cost information. ICD-10/ICD-11 were the standards and coding tools for admission and discharge diagnoses in the inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet. The three functional assessment tools recommended by ICD-11, the 36-item version of World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, Brief Model Disability Survey and Generic Functioning domains, as well as ICF, were used for rehabilitation functioning assessment and the coding of outcomes. ICHI Beta-3 and ICD-9-CM-3 were used for coding surgical procedures and operations in the medical record summary sheet, and also for coding rehabilitation intervention items. ConclusionThe inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet is a summary of the relevant content of the rehabilitation medical record and a tool for reporting inpatient rehabilitation data. It needs to be refined and optimized according to the characteristics of rehabilitation, with necessary data supplemented. The application of ICD-11/ICD-10, ICF and ICHI Beta-3/ICD-9-CM-3 classification standards would comprehensively promote the accuracy of inpatient diagnosis of diseases and functions. Based on ICD-11 and ICF, relevant functional assessment result data would be added, and ICHI Beta-3/ICD-9-CM-3 should be used to code rehabilitation interventions. Improving the quality of rehabilitation medical records and inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet is an important part of rehabilitation quality control, and also lays an evidence-based data foundation for the analysis and application of inpatient rehabilitation medical record summary sheet.