Objective To investigate the effects of terahertz(THz)radiation on mouse testicular tissue and its potential molecular mechanisms.Methods A total of 125 male C57BL/6J mice(6～8 weeks old)were randomly divided into control group and low-,medium-and high-radiation power groups.The mice of the latter 3 groups were exposed to THz radiation at a frequency of 2.5 T,with an average power density of 38,115,or 318 mW/cm2,for 5 or 10 min.The detection time was immediately or 24 h after exposure.HE staining was used to observe pathological damage.ELISA was employed to detect the expression of inflammatory factors in testicular tissue.RNA-seq was utilized to detect the global changes of gene expression.The differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were screened and bioinformatics was used to cluster them.The screened genes were further analyzed with RT-qPCR to determine the time-dependent and dose-dependent relationships of the expression with THz exposure.Finally,sperm quality was evaluated morphologically using a microscope.Results Three doses of THz radiation exposure did not cause significant pathological damages to mouse testicular tissue.TNF-α expression was increased immediately after exposure at average power density of 115 mW/cm2(P＜0.01),and the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α were both increased when the dose reached 318 mW/cm2(P＜0.01).However,all the 3 factors returned to normal levels in 24 h after exposure.RNA-seq results showed that THz radiation exposure caused abnormal expression of 56 genes.Cluster analysis indicated that these DEGs were mainly enriched in immune and inflammatory responses,enzyme activity,sperm development and capacitation functions.Then for 5 selected key genes,Crisp1,Adam7,Ltf,Rnase9,and Bsph1,the expression of Crisp1 and Rnase9 was decreased immediately after exposure to 115 mW/cm2 THz radiation,the dose of 318 mW/cm2 resulted in obvious changes in the expression of the 5 genes(P＜0.05),and their expression returned to normal levels in 24 h after exposure.Morphological observation displayed that exposure to all the 3 doses of THz had no influence on sperm quality.Conclusion THz radiation exposure causes temporary inflammatory response in testicular tissue and abnormal expression of sperm functions-related genes.However,these changes return to normal 24 h after exposure,and additionally,do not impair sperm quality.

Background::The goal of the assisted reproductive treatment is to transfer one euploid blastocyst and to help infertile women giving birth one healthy neonate. Some algorithms have been used to assess the ploidy status of embryos derived from couples with normal chromosome, who subjected to preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) treatment. However, it is currently unknown whether artificial intelligence model can be used to assess the euploidy status of blastocyst derived from populations with chromosomal rearrangement.Methods::From February 2020 to May 2021, we collected the whole raw time-lapse videos at multiple focal planes from in vitro cultured embryos, the clinical information of couples, and the comprehensive chromosome screening results of those blastocysts that had received PGT treatment. Initially, we developed a novel deep learning model called the Attentive Multi-Focus Selection Network (AMSNet) to analyze time-lapse videos in real time and predict blastocyst formation. Building upon AMSNet, we integrated additional clinically predictive variables and created a second deep learning model, the Attentive Multi-Focus Video and Clinical Information Fusion Network (AMCFNet), to assess the euploidy status of embryos. The efficacy of the AMCFNet was further tested in embryos with parental chromosomal rearrangements. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the superiority of the model. Results::A total of 4112 embryos with complete time-lapse videos were enrolled for the blastocyst formation prediction task, and 1422 qualified blastocysts received PGT-A ( n = 589) or PGT for chromosomal structural rearrangement (PGT-SR, n = 833) were enrolled for the euploidy assessment task in this study. The AMSNet model using seven focal raw time-lapse videos has the best real-time accuracy. The real-time accuracy for AMSNet to predict blastocyst formation reached above 70% on the day 2 of embryo culture, and then increased to 80% on the day 4 of embryo culture. Combing with 4 clinical features of couples, the AUC of AMCFNet with 7 focal points increased to 0.729 in blastocysts derived from couples with chromosomal rearrangement. Conclusion::Integrating seven focal raw time-lapse images of embryos and parental clinical information, AMCFNet model have the capability of assessing euploidy status in blastocysts derived from couples with chromosomal rearrangement.

Objective:To observe the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion on ubiquitin-like containing PHD and RING finger domains 1(UHRF1)and DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1)in ectopic endometrium of rats with endometriosis(EMS). Methods:Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group with 10 rats and a model-building group with 30 rats according to body mass.EMS rat models were established in the model-building group and then were divided into a model group,an acupuncture and moxibustion group,and a progesterone group,with 10 rats in each group.All rats were fixed by a fixator.The sham operation group and the model group were given normal saline by gavage.The acupuncture and moxibustion group received acupuncture at Xuehai(SP10)and Sanyinjiao(SP6),moxibustion at Guanyuan(CV4),and gavage of normal saline.The progesterone group was given the mixed liquid made of dydrogesterone and normal saline by gavage.After 28 d of treatments,the three diameters(length,width,and height)of EMS rats'ectopic cysts were measured,the cyst volumes were calculated,the volumes before intervention were subtracted,and the difference values were used to evaluate the growth of ectopic cysts.UHRF1 and DNMT1 mRNA and protein levels in normal endometrium,eutopic endometrium,and ectopic endometrium were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Results:There was no significant difference in the ectopic cyst volume difference between the acupuncture and moxibustion group and the progesterone group(P>0.05),but they were smaller than that of the model group(P<0.05).The levels of UHRF1 and DNMT1 mRNA and protein in the ectopic endometrium of the model group were lower than those in the normal endometrium(P<0.05).The levels of DNMT1 mRNA and UHRF1 protein in the eutopic endometrium of the model group were lower than those in the normal endometrium(P<0.05).The levels of UHRF1 mRNA and protein and the level of DNMT1 protein in the ectopic endometrium of the acupuncture and moxibustion group were higher than those in the model group(P<0.05),and the level of UHRF1 mRNA was higher than that in the progesterone group(P<0.05).The level of DNMT1 mRNA in the eutopic endometrium of the acupuncture and moxibustion group was higher than that in the model group(P<0.05).The levels of UHRF1 and DNMT1 mRNA and protein in the acupuncture and moxibustion group were insignificantly different from those in the normal endometrium(P>0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture and moxibustion may up-regulate the levels of UHRF1 mRNA and UHRF1 and DNMT1 proteins in the ectopic endometrium to the normal level so as to reduce the volume of ectopic cysts and cure EMS in rats.

Allergic rhinitis（AR） is an independent risk factor for allergic asthma. Some AR patients may have developed airway hyperresponsiveness（AHR） in the absence of asthma symptoms. In this stage, AHR is often neglected due to the absence of typical asthma symptoms. Exploring the clinically relevant risk factors for AHR in patients with AR, as well as the clinical indicators and biomarkers to predict AHR in patients with AR, is of great significance to the prevention of the occurrence of AHR and asthma. This review summarized the risk factors for the development of AHR in AR patients, and gave hints to the prevention of AHR in AR patients.
Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity ; Asthma ; Risk Factors

Objective:To investigate the short-term clinical effect of using fibular flap with preserving the continuity of fibula in hip preservation surgery for femoral head necrosis.Methods:From September, 2017 to November, 2020, 13 cases of femoral head necrosis were repaired with fibular flap. The fibular flaps were cut with an improved method for preserving the continuity of the fibular cortex, and the donor sites were sutured directly. The fibuls were inserted into the femoral heads with single or double segment folding support. Autogenous iliac crest combined with platelet-rich plasma(PRP) was used for impaction of bone grafting in femoral head, and the fibular flaps were anastomosed with 1 artery and 2 veins. All follow-up data were obtained, including bone union by X-ray and CT as well as the functional recovery of the hip joint and donor site. Statistical analysis was performed. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The followed-up time ranged from 6 to 23 months. The fibular bones were significantly thicker and the incisions healed well at the donor sites. There was neither abnormal sensation in toes, dorsal foot, and lateral of the leg, nor significant influence on foot function. The hip joint activities were normal. The outcome was proved to be remarkable according to the Harris score(from 58.9±10.6 points before surgery to 81.7±10.6 points after surgery), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The method of the improved fibular flap in hip preservation surgery is beneficial to the repair and reconstruction of the necrotic femoral head since the donor area is less traumatic, and a satisfactory clinical effect can be obtained.

Objective:To investigate the removal of ALTPF pedicled with the lateral branch of the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery and its application in wound repair.Methods:From January, 2019 to March, 2021, 32 cases of limb wounds were repaired with ALTPF pedicled with the lateral branch of the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery, including 25 males and 7 females. The age ranged from 21 to 63 years, with an average of 34 years. Injury mechanism: there were 12 cases of traffic accident injury, 8 cases of machine injury, 6 cases of heavy object crushing injury and 6 cases of chronic infectious wound. The area of soft tissue defect was 8.2 cm × 6.3 cm-18.6 cm × 11.2 cm. There were 25 cases of direct suture and 7 cases of free skin grafting. All patients who needed flap repair underwent CTA and high-frequency CDU before operation to judge the approximate direction of the lateral branch of the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery and the position of the perforating branch. All patients were followed-up regularly for 3 - 13 months, with an average of 11 months.Results:All patients who underwent free flap surgery had no vascular crisis and the flap survived smoothly. At the last follow-up, the appearance of the flap was beautiful without bloating and there were no complications in the donor area.Conclusion:Compared with the traditional ALTPF, the perforator flap of the lateral branch of the descending branch of the anterolateral femoral artery is relatively simple, which can replace the traditional ALTPF to a certain extent, and is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.

To report a 4-year-old boy with severed right index finger amputations in 2 segments. There were severe contusion on the 2 amputated sections of finger. According to the prevention and control requirement for the novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19), the patient was firstly checked to exclude the COVID-19. Then the replantation surgery was successfully carried out under the strict protective measures. The replanted index finger survived well at 2 weeks after surgery.

Objective:To investigate the effect of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) on guanylate binding protein 1 (GBP1) in promoting the proliferation of glioma U87 cells and its mechanism.Methods:Glioma cells U87 with GBP1 overexpression (U87-GBP1) and control cells U87-Lacz transfected with empty vector were used as experimental cells. The mRNA and protein expressions of GBP1 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in two groups of cells were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the proliferation of U87 cells were detected by CCK-8. CD14 + monocytes and CD3 + T lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy people by immunomagnetic beads. The CD14 + monocytes were treated with culture medium of U87-Lacz cells or U87-GBP1 cells, and then the cells were divided into U87-Lacz culture medium group and U87-GBP1 culture medium group. The proportion of MDSC in CD14 + monocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. CD14 + monocytes treated by two culture medium groups were cocultured with activated CD3 + T lymphocytes, and flow cytometry was used to detect the proliferation of activated CD3 + T lymphocytes. Monocytes untreated by U87 cells culture medium or activated CD3 + T lymphocytes were used as the control group. CD14 + monocytes were treated with U87-Lacz or U87-GBP1 cell culture medium anti-human CCL2 antibody, which were U87-Lacz+anti-CCL2 culture medium group and U87-GBP1 + anti-CCL2 culture medium group, and the proportion of MDSC in CD14 + monocytes was analyzed by flow cytometry. U87-GBP1 and U87-Lacz cells were inoculated into BALB/c nude mice to cause tumors in the brain. One week later, they were divided into chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) inhibitor RS504393 treatment group (U87-Lacz + RS nude mice group and U87-GBP1+RS nude mice group) and untreated control group (U87-Lacz nude mice group and U87-GBP1 nude mice group). After 30 days, the mice were sacrificed and the brain, spleen and bone marrow were isolated. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the transplanted tumors in the brain of nude mice, and the volume of transplanted tumor was calculated, and flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of MDSC in the tissues. Results:The protein expression of GBP1 in U87-GBP1 cells was significantly higher than that in U87-Lacz cells, but there was no significant difference in cell proliferation level between the two groups in vitro ( P > 0.05). The proportion of MDSC in U87-GBP1 culture medium group was significantly higher than that of U87-Lacz culture medium group [(7.75±0.80)% vs. (4.50±0.08)%], and both groups were higher than that of control group [(2.55±0.31)%)] ( F = 18.27, P = 0.002). The percentage of activated CD3 + T lymphocytes in U87-GBP1 culture medium group was lower than that in U87-Lacz culture medium group [(47.38±0.08)% vs. (61.70±5.05)%, P = 0.040]. The relative expression of CCL2 mRNA in U87-GBP1 cells and the expression level of CCL2 protein in U87-GBP1 cell culture medium [30.66±0.17 and (1 005.00±12.23) ng/L] were higher than those in U87-Lacz cells [1.29±0.15 and (111.60±11.44) ng/L] (both P < 0.01), the proportions of MDSC in U87-Lacz + anti-CCL2 culture medium group and U87-GBP1 + anti-CCL2 culture medium group was lower than those in U87-Lacz culture medium group and U87-GBP1 culture medium group (all P < 0.05). The volume of transplanted brain tumor in U87-GBP1 nude mice group was larger than that in U87-Lacz nude mice group; the volume of transplanted brain tumor in U87-GBP1 + RS nude mice group and U87-Lacz + RS nude mice group increased more slowly than the corresponding nude mice group without treatment, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05); the proportions of MDSC in transplanted brain tumor, spleen and bone marrow in U87-GBP1 nude mice group were higher than those in U87-Lacz nude mice group, and the proportions of MDSC in each tissue of U87-GBP1 + RS nude mice group and U87-Lacz + RS nude mice group were lower than those in the untreated by RS504393 corresponding nude mice group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:GBP1 might increase the expression of CCL2 in glioma U87 cells and recruit MDSC to form immunosuppression in glioma microenvironment, thus promoting the proliferation of glioma U87 cells in vivo.

Objective:To explore the application of the superficial iliac perforator flap (SCIP) based on the concept of "Donor site under swimming wear" in the repair of wounds of extremities.Methods:From June, 2018 to March, 2019, a total of 20 patients with traumatic soft tissue defects of the extremities were treated. All defects were repaired with free SCIP, including 16 males and 4 females. Location of defects: 10 in the hand, 4 in the forearm, 4 in the shank, and 2 in the foot. Wound areas were 7.3 cm×5.6 cm-16.3 cm×7.7 cm. Patients received routine CTA and high-frequency CDU examinations before surgery to assist in identifying the location of the perforating vessels and the running of the superficial and deep branches of the superficial iliac circumflex artery (SCIA). Combined intraoperative light transmission experiments were used to determine the dominant branch. The superficial branch of SCIA was used as the dominant branch in 18 cases, and the flap was cut in the superficial layer of Scarpa's fascia. The deep branch of SCIA was used as the dominant branch in 2 cases and the flap was cut in the superficial layer of the deep fascia. The donor site was directly sutured. Regular postoperative follow-ups were conducted without lost.Results:All flaps had no vascular crisis after surgery and survived successfully. All patients were followed-up regularly for 8 to 16 months, with an average of 12 months. At the last followed-up, the appearance and texture of the flaps in the recipient area were good, and roughly similar to the healthy tissues around the affected limb. The function of the affected limb recovered well. There was only a linear scar in the donor area.Conclusion:The SCIP based on the concept of "Donor site under swimming wear" is soft in texture, moderate in thickness, and concealed in the supply area. The patient can directly hide the scars of the donor areas after wearing the swimming trunks, which meets the concept of minimizing the damage to the donor area. It deserves to be promoted.

Objective To explore the method and clinical effects of treatment for correcting severe contracture nasal deformity after rhinoplasty.Methods Totally 19 patients with severe contracture nasal deformity after rhinoplasty were treated with a new procedure in our hospital since March 2014.The soft tissue was treated with manual traction preoperatively to improve nasal skin and mucosa extensibility and flexibility.The costicartilage was taken as structure transplantation to build the nasal support structure.Results This group of patients were followed up for 5-27 months,contracture of nasal deformity was corrected and the shape of the nose was improved with no obvious contracture deformation.Conclusions Nasal shape is improved by nasal scaffold and coated tissue.It is a simple and feasible method to modify the condition of soft tissue by manual traction and autogenous costicartilage support reconstruction to ensure the long-term efficacy of backing;two combination therapy for correction of iatrogenic contracture nasal deformity can achieve better long-term nasal prolonged postoperative effect,which is suitable for clinical promotion.