Objective:To investigate the role of HMGB1-TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in-jury and the effect of adenosine preconditioning on the signaling pathway.Methods:Total 80 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220～270 g were selected from the Animal Center of Xinxiang Medical University.The rats were randomly divided into F group(sham operation group),I/R group(ischemia reperfusion group)and AP group(adenosine preconditioning group).The MCAO model of rats was established by wire embolization.Quantitative analysis of neural function in successfully modeled rats using animal behavior scor-ing method,the morphological changes of brain cells were observed by HE staining,TTC staining was used to observe cerebral infarc-tion and cerebral infarction volume was calculated;Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect HMGB1,TLR4 and NF-κB pro-tein expression levels in brain tissues of each group.The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA in SPSS26.0 software.Results:After ischemia reperfusion,the neurological function of I/R group and AP group showed different degrees of impairment,and the neurological function scores of the two groups were significantly higher than that of F group,the difference was statistically signifi-cant(P<0.05),and the neurological function of the AP group was significantly less than that of I/R group,the difference was also sta-tistically significant(P<0.05).TTC staining showed that AP group,I/R group rat cerebral infarction volume was significantly more than F group[(93.670±4.509)mm3,(123.670±7.234)mm3 vs(0.000±0.000)mm3],and AP group rats infarction volume was signifi-cantly reduced than that in I/R group,the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).Immunohistochemistry showed that HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB protein in F group with a small amount of expressions in rats,while significantly expressed in AP group and I/R group relatively,and the AP group of each subgroup rat HMGB1,TLR4,NF-κB protein expressions significantly lower than the amount of I/R group,the difference had statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adenosine preconditioning can reduce the expressions of HMGB1,TLR4 and NF-κB protein,and then protect the rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

By analyzing the design principles and treatment modes of Gambro Prismaflex CRRT device,based on the basic structure and treatment process,and the typical failure cases of pressure joints and scale zeroing test failures in continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)equipment were analyzed,the targeted solution and maintenance strategies were proposed to ensure the stable and efficient operation of CRRT equipment.

Objective:To explore the prognosis efficacy of psycho-cardiological therapy and management on patients with coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD).Methods:This was a clinical randomized controlled study. This study included inpatients with CAD at the cardiology department in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from August 2021 to January 2024. The patients enrolled in this study were asked for basic information, and received measurements for depression, anxiety, sleep quality and living quality by the scales of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder scale-7 (GAD-7), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) respectively. The patients were randomly grouped into a regular treatment group and a psycho-cardiological treatment group which included WeChat management or antidepressant/antianxiety medical therapy according to the situation. After the patients discharging from hospital for 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 weeks, professional cardiovascular doctors would follow up by telephone, WeChat, and outpatient department, including scales (2-48 weeks), and cardiac events (2-96 weeks). Kaplan-Meier survival curve and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were used for analyzing the association between psycho-cardiological treatment and cardiac events.Results:This study recruited a total of 552 patients with CAD, aged 61.0(54.0, 67.0) years, and 379 (68.7%) were male. There were 279(50.5%) in the regular treatment group and 273(49.5%) in the psycho-cardiological treatment group. After treatment for 4, 12 and 48 weeks, the PHQ-9 score in psycho-cardiological was significantly lower than the regular treatment group; After treatment for 12 weeks, the EQ-5D-5L effective value in psycho-cardiological group was higher than the regular treatment group; After treatment for 2, 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks, the EQ-5D-5L VAS score in psycho-cardiological group was higher than the regular therapy group (all P<0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that, during the different follow-up periods, the rate of cardiac events in psycho-cardiological treatment group was lower than regular treatment group (log-rank P<0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model adjusted the factor of age, the psycho-cardiological treatment contributed to reducing the cardiac events rate by 80.3% ( HR=0.197, 95% CI: 0.067-0.582, P=0.003). Conclusion:Psycho-cardiological treatment is beneficial for improving psychological stress, living quality, and reducing cardiac events, and helps to improve prognosis and psycho-cardiological rehabilitation in CAD patients.

Osteocytes are the most abundant and long-lived cells in bone,serving as primary regulators of bone remodeling.Besides playing critical roles in endocrine regulation and calcium-phosphate metabolism,osteocytes are primary responders to mechanical stimuli,perceiving and responding to these stimuli directly and indirectly.The process of mechanotransduction in osteocytes is a complex and finely tuned regulation involving interactions between the cell and its surrounding environment,neighboring cells,and various mechanosensors within the cells with distinct functions.The known major mechanosensors in osteocytes include primary cilia,Piezo ion channels,integrins,extracellular matrix,and connexin-based intercellular junctions.These mechanosensors play crucial roles in osteocytes,perceiving and transducing mechanical signals to regulate bone homeostasis.This review aims to provide a systematic introduction to these five mechanosensors,offering new perspectives and insights into understanding how osteocytes respond to mechanical stimuli and maintain bone tissue homeostasis.

Self-assembly is the basis of the formation of biological macromolecular structure. Enzyme-instructed self-assembly (EISA) with the help of tool enzymes, realizing the conversion of small molecular compounds to supramolecular nanostructures at specific sites, become a new strategy for drug discovery.In recent years, the exploration of EISA for developing malignant cancer therapy and imaging has made considerable progress, achieving the precise regulation and tumor targeting of nanostructures. This paper reviews the latest progress of EISA in the field of tumor diagnosis and treatment, the functions and characteristics of tool enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, sirtuin, tyrosinase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase and caspase-3,summarizes the research status of EISA targeting multiple organelles in tumor therapy, and introduces the application of EISA in tumor imaging, aiming to provide reference forthe research of EISA strategy in tumor diagnosis and treatment.

Although widely applied in treating hematopoietic malignancies, transplantation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) is impeded by HSPC shortage. Whether circulating HSPCs (cHSPCs) in steady-state blood could be used as an alternative source remains largely elusive. Here we develop a three-dimensional culture system (3DCS) including arginine, glycine, aspartate, and a series of factors. Fourteen-day culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) in 3DCS led to 125- and 70-fold increase of the frequency and number of CD34⁺ cells. Further, 3DCS-expanded cHSPCs exhibited the similar reconstitution rate compared to CD34⁺ HSPCs in bone marrow. Mechanistically, 3DCS fabricated an immunomodulatory niche, secreting cytokines as TNF to support cHSPC survival and proliferation. Finally, 3DCS could also promote the expansion of cHSPCs in patients who failed in HSPC mobilization. Our 3DCS successfully expands rare cHSPCs, providing an alternative source for the HSPC therapy, particularly for the patients/donors who have failed in HSPC mobilization.
Antigens, CD34/metabolism* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism* ; Peptides/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate dyslipidemia and relevant factors of AIDS patients in general hospital.Methods:From April 2017 to January 2018, 306 AIDS patients seen in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) were included, their general information such as demographic characteristics, underlying diseases, regimens for treatment and duration of antiretroviral therapy were recorded and dietary conditions were evaluated. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), Internal Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were adopted for the investigation.Results:Of the 306 patients, 179 had dyslipidemia. Univariate analysis suggested that singlehood, higher age and body mass index (BMI), proteinase inhibitor (PI) and non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) contained antiretroviral therapy (ART) (especially the former) were relevant risk factors. After multivariable analysis, higher age and BMI, high fat diet, high baseline CD4 counting and longer course of disease were related with dyslipidemia, whereas female and higher activity level may be associated with little benefit.Conclusions:Dyslipidemia was more common in AIDS patients than in general population, which were mainly due to the disease itself and ART regimens. Those patients were middle-aged or older, with high baseline CD4 counting, treated with PI and whose course of disease was more than two years should reserve more attention.

Objective To investigate the prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis in patients with early breast cancer by sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) combined with preoperative ultrasound.Methods From Jun 2014 to Oct 2018,340 patients with early breast cancer were enrolled in the 5th Department of General Surgery of Second Hospital of Lanzhou University.113 cases were grouped into ultrasound examing,75 patients in the SLNB,and 152 patients in the SLNB combined with preoperative ultrasound.Using the results of axillary lymph node dissection as gold standard,the 3 groups were compared.Results The sensitivity of SLNB,ultrasound and SLNB combined with ultrasound for suspicious axillary lymph node biopsy were 90.1％,85.7％,and 96.4％,respectively.The specificity was 84.0％,76.3％,and 100％,and the accuracy was 91.6％,83.0％,and 97.4％,respectively.The false negative rates were 8.6％,14.3％,and 3.6％,respectively.Conclusion Preoperative ultrasound diagnosis of axillary lymph node status combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy can significantly improve the diagnosis rate of axillary lymph node metastasis in early breast cancer.

Objective To explore the expression of aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) in human fetus kidney and amniotic fluid at different stages of pregnancy.Methods Twenty-two cases of aborted fetuses' kidneys were collected.They were divided into 3 groups according to the pregnancy age:8 cases in 17-23 + 6 weeks,8 cases in 24-31 +6 weeks,and 6 cases in 32-38 +6 weeks.Western blot was used to examine the expression of AQP-2 in the kidney.Twenty-four cases of the amniotic fluid were collected,and they were divided into 3 groups according to the pregnancy age:10 cases in 17-23 +6 weeks,6 cases in 24-31 +6 weeks,and 8 cases in 32-38 +6 weeks.Eight cases of healthy adult morning urine were collected as positive controls.The AQP-2 protein in the amniotic fluid was detected with the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the osmotic pressure of amniotic fluid at different stages of the pregnancy was measured with the freezing point osmometer.Results The expression of AQP-2 was increased with the extending of pregnancy age,and the AQP-2 expressions in fetus kidney of 17-23 +6 weeks,24-31 + 6 weeks and 32-38 +6 weeks were 0.986 ± 0.335,1.566 ± 0.272,and 2.080 ± 0.246,respectively,and the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).The AQP-2 detected from amniotic fluid was positively correlated with the result of AQP-2 in the kidney(r =0.985,P ＜ 0.05),and the AQP-2 expression also increased with the extending of pregnancy age:17-23 +6 weeks,24-31 +6 weeks,32-38 +6 weeks and adult urine was (30.253 ±5.843) mg/L,(35.103 ±7.271) mg/L,and (42.580 ± 1.230) mg/L and (46.493 ± 0.450) mg/L,respectively.The osmolality of the amniotic fluid of 17-23 +6 weeks,24-31 +6 weeks,32-38 +6 weeks was (272.600 ± 4.827) mmol/L,(252.00 ± 15.360) mmol/L,and (261.750 ±5.560) mmol/L,respectively,and the difference was significant(P ＜0.05).Conclusions The AQP-2 expression in human fetus kidneys has good correlation with amniotic fluid,which indicates that the level of AQP-2 of the amniotic fluid may reflect the expression of AQP-2 in the fetus kidney.

Objective To develop an arm support used for bilateral puncture during trans-radial coronary intervention (TRI) and to explore its effects. Methods The arm support used for bilateral radial artery puncture was designed and developed. Totally 100 patients who received TRI in the Cardiac Catheterization Room of Peking Union Medical College Hospital between May and June 2017 were selected and equally divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table. Patients in the observation group were served with the new arm support to reveal the points for radial artery puncture, while patients in the control group used the conventional wooden arm support. The effect of puncture was compared between the patients in the two groups. Results The time used for preparation before radial artery puncture was (1.58±0.56) min and the time need for puncturing and placing sheathing canal in the radial artery was (3.51±0.44) min in the patients in the observation group, both shorter than those of the patients in the control group (t=9.511, 8.740; P<0.05). Totally 96% of the patients felt comfortable with the new arm support, and the operation experience satisfaction in 80% of the doctors was excellent, both higher than those of the patients in the control group. Conclusions The performance of this new arm support for bilateral radial artery puncture is stable and reliable. Compared with conventional methods, the time used for preparation before radial artery puncture is shortened for nurses, and the time needed for puncturing and placing sheathing canal in the radial artery is shortened for doctors. The patients feel more comfortable when using this new arm support, and the doctors have a higher experience satisfaction. The new arm support is convenient and flexible for use, and may be used and promoted in cardiac catheterization rooms.