Glioma is the most common primary central nervous system tumor,mainly derived from glial cells,with strong invasiveness,easy recurrence,and poor prognosis.Glioblastoma is a high-grade glioma with the highest degree of malignancy.The clinical treatment method is mainly surgical resection,supplemented by compre-hensive treatment such as radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and electric field therapy,but the treatment effect is not satisfactory.In recent years,with the rapid development of the field of tumor immunotherapy,CD73 is a novel immune checkpoint related to adenosine metabolism,which can promote tumor progression by inhibiting anti-tumor immune responses and promoting angiogenesis.This article systematically reviews the mechanism of action of CD73 and discusses its biological role and application in glioma,aiming to provide potential treatment options for glioma patients.

177Lu-prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)radio-ligand therapy has been approved abroad for advanced prostate cancer and has been in several clinical trials in China.Based on domestic clinical practice and experimental data and referred to international experience and viewpoints,the expert group forms a consensus on the clinical application of 177Lu-PSMA radio-ligand therapy in prostate cancer to guide clinical practice.

【Objective】 Diabetic mice could show learning and memory dysfunction, and we aimed to investigate the effect of Sigma-1 receptor agonist, PRE-084, on neurons and cognitive impairment in mice with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). 【Methods】 Twenty mice with T1DM induced by streptozocin, aged 8-10 weeks, and 20 control mice (CON) were randomly divided into four groups (CON+Vehicle, CON+PRE-084, T1DM+Vehicle and T1DM+PRE-084). Mouse primary neurons were cultured in high glucose medium with PRE-084 and control solvent, respectively. The body weight, food and water intake, and fasting blood glucose level of mice in each group were detected and recorded. The learning and memory abilities of mice were detected by new object recognition experiment. The mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) structure of neurons in hippocampal CA1 area of mice was detected by transmission electron microscope. And the expression levels of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hippocampus of mice were detected by biochemical kit. Cell viability and ROS level of primary neurons were detected by CCK8 and cellular ROS kit. 【Results】 PRE-084 reduced the increase of body weight, food and water intake, and blood glucose caused by diabetes. PRE-084 significantly ameliorated the learning and memory impairment of the mice with T1DM, improved the changes of MAM structure in neurons of hippocampal CA1 area of diabetic mice, increased the level of ATP in hippocampus of diabetic mice, and decreased the increase of ROS expression in diabetic hippocampus and neurons under high glucose conditions. 【Conclusion】 Sigma-1 receptor agonist, PRE-084, could improve learning and memory impairment in the mice with T1DM, which might be related to the structural changes of MAM, the increase of ATP production, and the decrease of ROS production in hippocampal neurons.

【Objective】 To explore the effect of high-fat and high-fructose diet on mouse intestinal barrier function, as well as the role of ketohexokinase (KHK), the key enzyme in fructose metabolism, in intestinal barrier impairment. 【Methods】 Eight-week-old male control C57BL/6J mice and Khk^-/- mice were randomly divided into control + normal diet (ND), control + high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFHFD), Khk^-/-+ normal diet (ND+Khk^-/-), and Khk^-/-+ high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFHFD+Khk^-/-) groups, with eight mice in each group. During the high-fat and high-fructose diet and normal diet, the body weight changes of mice in different groups were recorded. After the intervention, the blood glucose and insulin levels of mice in each group were detected. The intestinal barrier function and inflammation level of mice were evaluated by detecting intestinal water content, permeability, tight junction protein expression, serum and intestinal inflammatory factor levels. 【Results】 Compared with ND group, HFHFD group significantly increased the body weight, blood glucose and insulin levels of mice, increased the intestinal water content and permeability, decreased the expression of tight junction proteins, and increased inflammatory factors of the serum and intestines. In the two groups fed with high-fat and high-fructose diet, the body weight, blood glucose and insulin levels of the HFHFD+Khk^-/- group were significantly lower than those of HFHFD group, and the intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammation were significantly improved. 【Conclusion】 KHK, a key enzyme in fructose metabolism, is involved in the impairment of intestinal barrier caused by high-fat and high-fructose diet. Knockout of Khk gene significantly improved intestinal barrier dysfunction and the inflammation level.

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of topical application of Modified Sanhuang Powder （加味三黄散， MSP） combined with cold compression versus cold compression alone on swelling and pain after knee arthroscopy through a retrospective cohort study. MethodsMedical records of 134 patients with knee arthroscopy-induced knee swelling and pain were divided into non-exposure group （51 cases） and exposure group （83 cases） based on whether they used MSP for external application after surgery. The non-exposure group received simple cold compression therapy in addition to functional exercise and routine treatment after surgery， while the exposure group received topical MSP on the basis of what were given in the non-exposure group. The Visual Analog Scale （VAS） scores were compared between the two groups before and 7 days after treatment， and knee swelling measurements were taken before and 3， 5， and 7 days after treatment. The clinical effective rate was compared between the two groups. ResultsThe VAS scores in both groups were lower after treatment （P＜0.05）， and the exposure group had lower scores than the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. On the 3rd， 5th， and 7th days of treatment， the scores on swelling at 2 cm above the superior pole of the patella， at the midline of the patella， and 5 cm below the inferior pole of the patella significantly decreased after treatment in both groups （P＜0.05）， and the exposure group had lower scores than the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. The total clinical effective rate in the exposure group was 91.56% （76/83）， which was higher than 78.43% （40/51） in the non-exposure group （P＜0.05）. ConclusionTopical application of MSP combined with cold compression is effective in relieving postoperative swelling and pain after knee arthroscopy and is superior to cold compress alone.

Glioma is the most common type of cancer in the brain and central nervous system,mainly originated from glioma cells or neuronal cells.It is characterized by high prevalence,recurrence rate and mortality.Among aggressive brain tumors,the incidence of glioma is the highest.Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)is one of the most popular non-coding RNAs in tumor research.It has a variety of biological functions and regulates gene expression at the transcription,post-transcription and genetic levels.It was found that lncRNA was abnormally expressed in cancer patients,and abnormally expressed lncRNA was also found in glioma.lncRNA regulates the occurrence and development of gliomas through different signaling pathways,and affects the heterogeneity and invasiveness of gliomas through the glycolytic pathway.In addition,immune-related lncRNAs are valuable in evaluating the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of gliomas.In this article,the role of lncRNA in glioma will be reviewed from three aspects including regulation of signaling pathway,glycolytic pathway and immunoregulation.

Objective:To investigate the early evaluation potential of serum levels of apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 (Apo B/A1), microtubule-associated protein 1-light chain 3 (MAP1-LC3) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients.Methods:A total of 413 AP patients who were treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2019 and August 2020 were enrolled. Serum samples were collected from AP patients within 24 h of admission. Patients were divided into the non-severe acute pancreatitis (Non-SAP, n=315) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP, n=98) groups according to the severity of the disease. Sixty healthy controls were recruited. The differences of serum Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 among the three groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance, and the correlation between Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 and the severity of AP was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Sensitivity and specificity in assessing AP severity were predicted by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results:The early levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 were all significantly higher for AP patients than for healthy controls ( P<0.05), and the levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 in SAP patients were significantly higher than those in non-SAP patients[Apo B/A1: 2.21±1.40 vs. (0.96±0.34); MAP1-LC3: 0.92±0.29 vs. (0.48±0.24) ng/mL and ICAM-1: (235.57±54.50 ) vs. (120.28±61.69)ng/mL; P<0.05]. Pearson correlation analysis showed that levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 were positively correlated with the first Ranson score after admission ( P<0.05), and ICAM-1 showed the highest degree of correlation with AP severity ( r=0.519). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were 0.769 for Apo B/A1, 0.811 for MAP1-LC3, 0.828 for ICAM-1, and 0.938 for combined detection. Conclusions:Serum levels of Apo B/A1, MAP1-LC3 and ICAM-1 within 24 h after admission are significantly correlated with the severity of AP, which has clinical significance for early prediction of the severity of AP.

OBJECTIVETo assess the accuracy of immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC).

METHODSA total of 1 197 studies published before June 2014 were selected from PubMed and Embase and 17 of which were finally included in this meta-analysis. A bivariate mixed-effects models was used for overall value merging and heterogeneity testing. In addition to the overall sensitivity and specificity, the analyses were also performed among certain subgroups, including a "colonoscopy group" (all were referred for colonoscopy diagnosis regardless screening results) and a "follow-up group" (only the screening positive were referred and all were then followed up), a qualitative group and a quantitative group (classified by the way of iFOBT result reading).

RESULTSA total of 161 502 subjects aged from 48 to 63 years were included in the analysis. IFOBT had an overall integrated sensitivity of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.89) (heterogeneity test: Q = 59.67, P < 0.001) and an overall integrated specificity of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.92-0.94) (heterogeneity test: Q = 1 722.53, P < 0.001) for detection of CRC. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that in the "colonoscopy group" and in the "follow-up group", the sensitivity were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.73-0.87) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.93) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94-0.96), respectively. It was also found that in the qualitative group and the quantitative group, the sensitivity were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91-0.96) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91-0.94), respectively.

CONCLUSIONIFOBT had high overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer.

Objective To assess the accuracy of immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A total of 1 197 studies published before June 2014 were selected from PubMed and Embase and 17 of which were finally included in this meta-analysis. A bivariate mixed-effects models was used for overall value merging and heterogeneity testing. In addition to the overall sensitivity and specificity, the analyses were also performed among certain subgroups, including a“colonoscopy group”(all were referred for colonoscopy diagnosis regardless screening results) and a"follow-up group" (only the screening positive were referred and all were then followed up), a qualitative group and a quantitative group (classified by the way of iFOBT result reading). Results A total of 161 502 subjects aged from 48 to 63 years were included in the analysis. IFOBT had an overall integrated sensitivity of 0.85 (95%CI:0.79-0.89)(heterogeneity test:Q=59.67,P<0.001)and an overall integrated specificity of 0.93 (95%CI:0.92-0.94)(heterogeneity test:Q=1 722.53,P<0.001)for detection of CRC. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that in the"colonoscopy group"and in the"follow-up group", the sensitivity were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.73-0.87) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.92 (95%CI: 0.89-0.93) and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.94-0.96), respectively. It was also found that in the qualitative group and the quantitative group, the sensitivity were 0.84 (95%CI:0.76-0.90) and 0.86 (95%CI:0.78-0.92), respectively;the specificity were 0.94 (95%CI: 0.91-0.96) and 0.93 (95%CI: 0.91-0.94), respectively. Conclusion IFOBT had high overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer.

Objective To assess the accuracy of immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A total of 1 197 studies published before June 2014 were selected from PubMed and Embase and 17 of which were finally included in this meta-analysis. A bivariate mixed-effects models was used for overall value merging and heterogeneity testing. In addition to the overall sensitivity and specificity, the analyses were also performed among certain subgroups, including a“colonoscopy group”(all were referred for colonoscopy diagnosis regardless screening results) and a"follow-up group" (only the screening positive were referred and all were then followed up), a qualitative group and a quantitative group (classified by the way of iFOBT result reading). Results A total of 161 502 subjects aged from 48 to 63 years were included in the analysis. IFOBT had an overall integrated sensitivity of 0.85 (95%CI:0.79-0.89)(heterogeneity test:Q=59.67,P<0.001)and an overall integrated specificity of 0.93 (95%CI:0.92-0.94)(heterogeneity test:Q=1 722.53,P<0.001)for detection of CRC. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that in the"colonoscopy group"and in the"follow-up group", the sensitivity were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.73-0.87) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.92 (95%CI: 0.89-0.93) and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.94-0.96), respectively. It was also found that in the qualitative group and the quantitative group, the sensitivity were 0.84 (95%CI:0.76-0.90) and 0.86 (95%CI:0.78-0.92), respectively;the specificity were 0.94 (95%CI: 0.91-0.96) and 0.93 (95%CI: 0.91-0.94), respectively. Conclusion IFOBT had high overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer.