Objective: To examine the association of hypertension onset age with diabetes, so as to provide insights into reducing the the risk of cardiovascular events. Methods: Permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years were selected through the program of early screening and comprehensive intervention for the high-risk cardiovascular disease population in Changning District and Baoshan District, Shanghai Municipality from 2016 to 2020. Demographic information, disease history, hypertension onset age, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were collected through questionnaire surveys, physical examination and laboratory tests. The residents were divided into four groups based on the onset age of hypertension: <45, 45-<55, 55-<65 and ≥65 years old, and the residents with normal blood pressure were selected as control. The association of hypertension onset age with prediabetes and diabetes were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 25 228 residents were recruited, including 8 753 males (34.70%) and 16 475 females (65.30%). The prevalence of hypertension was 43.80%. There were 1 779, 3 274, 3 781 and 2 217 cases with hypertension onset age of <45, 45-<55, 55-<65 and ≥65 years old, respectively, and 14 177 residents with normal blood pressure. The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes were 24.01% and 11.29%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, marital status and educational level, compared with the normal blood pressure group, the risk of prediabetes was higher in the hypertension onset age groups of <45 (OR=1.345, 95%CI: 1.164-1.553), 45-<55 (OR=1.365, 95%CI: 1.212-1.536) and 55-<65 years old (OR=1.376, 95%CI: 1.239-1.527), and the risk of diabetes was higher in the hypertension onset age groups of <45 (OR=2.302, 95%CI: 1.906-2.775), 45-<55 (OR=2.349, 95%CI: 2.016-2.734), 55-<65 (OR=1.909, 95%CI: 1.667-2.184) and ≥65 years old (OR=1.315, 95%CI: 1.131-1.526). Conclusion There are statistically significant associations between hypertension onset age with prediabetes and diabetes.

Objective:To explore effect of oleanolic acid on allergic rhinitis(AR)and its potential mechanism.Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were isolated by density gradient centrifugation.Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect expressions of Foxp3,IL-17A,Beclin1,and RORγt mRNA in nasal mucosa;flow cytometry was employed to assess proportion of Treg and Th17 cells in PBMCs;Western blot was utilized to determine expressions of RORγt,LC3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅱ,Beclin1,and P62 proteins in nasal mucosal.Mice were randomly divided into Control,ovalbumin(OVA),L-oleanolic acid,H-oleanolic acid,DSGC,3-MA and H-oleanolic acid+Rapa groups.Histological changes were observed by HE staining and Periodate Schiff(PAS)staining.Serological changes,expressions of IL-17A,IL-10,eosinophilic cationic protein(ECP)and anti-OVA-specific antibodies were detected by ELISA.Results:AR patients had Th17/Treg imbalance and activated autophagy.Oleanolic acid restored Th17/Treg balance and inhibited autophagy in vitro.In vivo experiments demonstrated that oleanolic acid inhibited OVA-induced allergic nasal symptoms and activation of autophagy pathway,which was same as regulation of 3-MA,while Rapa could weaken effects of high dose of oleanolic acid.Moreover,oleanolic acid reduced infiltration of different inflammatory cells of nasal lavage fluid,prevented damages to epithelial cells,and improved nasal mucosal thickness and mucus secretion.Oleanolic acid regulated balance of mouse Th17/Treg-associated cytokines expressions.Conclusion:Oleanolic acid can be used to treat AR,whose effect is realized through inhibiting autophagy to regulate Th17/Treg balance.

Objective:To investigate the effect of miRNA-3653-3p (miR-3653-3p) on the proliferation and invasion ability of endometrial cancer cells and its related mechanisms.Methods:The data of 356 endometrial cancer patients were downloaded from the OncoLnc database (http://www.oncolnc.org, updated version 2020), and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between the expression level of miR-3653-3p and the overall survival of endometrial cancer patients. The miRGator database (https://bio.tools/mirgator_v2.0, updated version 2019) was used to predict the target gene binding to miR-3653-3p. Human endometrial cancer cell lines AN3CA, HEC-1A, HEC-1B, Ishikawa and human normal endometrial epithelial cell line ESC were selected, and the relative expression level of miR-3653-3p was detected by using quantitative real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The cell line with the lowest expression of miR-3653-3p was selected as the research object, which was divided into the negative control group and miR-3653-3p group, and transfected with the control empty vector plasmid and miR-3653-3p overexpression plasmid. CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation ability of cells, Transwell method was used to detect the invasion ability of cells, and qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of miR-3653-3p target gene. The effect of miR-3653-3p on the related protein expression of Wnt- β-catenin signaling pathway was detected by using Western blot.Results:Data analysis in the OncoLnc database showed that compared with endometrial cancer patients with low miR-3653-3p expression, patients with high miR-3653-3p expression had better overall survival ( P < 0.01). Compared with human normal endometrial epithelial ESC, the expression levels of miR-3653-3p in endometrial cancer cell lines AN3CA, HEC-1A, HEC-1B, and Ishikawa were all decreased (all P < 0.05), and the relative expression level of miR-3653-3p was the lowest in HEC-1A cells, and HEC-1A cells were selected for subsequent experiments. The result of CCK-8 showed that compared with the negative control group, the ability of HEC-1A cells in the miR-3653-3p group decreased on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th days (all P < 0.05). The result of the Transwell chamber invasion test showed that the number of HEC-1A cell invasion after culturing for 26 h in the negative control group and the miR-3653-3p group was (80±11) and (21±4), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 5.18, P < 0.01); compared with the negative control group, the number of cell invasion in the miR-3653-3p group decreased. The miRGator database was used to predict that the target gene of miR-3653-3p might be placenta-specific protein 8 (PLAC8). The relative expression levels of PLAC8 mRNA in HEC-1A cells in the negative control group and miR-3653-3p group were (6.26±0.83) and (0.97±0.31), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 6.00, P < 0.01); the relative expression level of PLAC8 mRNA in the miR-3653-3p group was lower than that in the negative control group. Compared with the negative control group, the PLAC8 protein of HEC-1A cells decreased, and the expression of Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins β-catenin, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), GSK-3β, and Rac1 decreased in the miR-3653-3p group. Conclusions:miR-3653-3p may inhibit the proliferation and invasion of endometrial cancer cells by regulating the PLAC8-Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the teaching effectiveness of curriculum ideological and political teaching model for Fundamentals of Nursing based on outcome based education concept.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 194 undergraduates of grade 2019 from School of Nursing at University of South China were selected as the control group from February to December 2021, and 146 undergraduates from 2020 were selected as the experimental group from February to December 2022. The control group was taught in accordance with the conventional teaching methods, and the experimental group was taught in the ideological and political teaching model of Fundamentals of Nursing based on outcome based education concept. After the intervention, the total course scores of nursing undergraduates in the two groups were compared, and the cognitive attitude, implementation effect and teaching satisfaction of the experimental group students on "ideological and political curriculum" were compared.Results:After the intervention, the total course score of nursing undergraduates in the experimental group was (85.65±7.31), and that in the control group was (77.71±7.28), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P<0.01). The cognitive attitude score of undergraduate nursing students in the experimental group towards "ideological and political curriculum" was (32.62±2.15), and the implementation effect score of "ideological and political curriculum" was (22.78±1.78). The satisfactory form of ideological and political cases for undergraduate nursing students in the experimental group was news reports and hot events, and the satisfactory ideological and political teaching method was experiential teaching method and case-based teaching method. Conclusions:The curriculum ideological and political teaching model of Fundamentals of Nursing based on outcome based education concept can improve the academic performance of nursing undergraduate students and provide reference for the construction of ideological and political teaching courses in nursing basic courses. In the future, this teaching model can be applied to the teaching reform of other nursing courses in order to accelerate the progress of ideological and political construction of professional courses.

Objective: To investigate the recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis patients 5 years after successful treatment in Hengyang City, Hunan Province, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods: The data of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were successfully treated in Hengyang City in 2014 were collected through the tuberculosis management information system. The recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis was defined as the endpoint, and all patients were observed for five consecutive years. Factors affecting recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis were identified using Kaplan-Meier estimates, log-rank test and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: A total of 6 626 patients with successfully treated pulmonary tuberculosis were included, including 4 961 males and 1 665 females, with a median age of 54 years. There were 536 cases with recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis within five years, with a 8.09% cumulative proportion of recurrence and annual recurrence rate of 1.75 per 100 person-years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that men ( HR=1.592, 95%CI: 1.256-2.019 ), age of 40 years and greater ( age of 40 to 59 years, HR=7.025, 95%CI: 1.739-28.377; age of 60 years and greater, HR=8.175, 95%CI: 2.024-33.023), farmers ( HR=1.379, 95%CI: 1.070-1.778 ), retreatment ( HR=6.398, 95%CI: 5.163-7.929 ) and positive etiology ( HR=1.255, 95%CI: 1.042-1.511 ) were risk factors for five-year recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis among successfully-treated patients. Conclusions High recurrence rate is found among pulmonary tuberculosis patients within five years after successful treatment in Hengyang City. There is a high risk of pulmonary tuberculosis recurrence among male, etiologically positive, retreated farmers at ages of 40 years and older, and targeted interventions are recommended.

Objective:To summarize the clinical manifestation and imaging of superficial siderosis of the central nervous system and explore the potential etiology.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 7 patients diagnosed as superficial siderosis of the central nervous system in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2013 to November 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The etiology and follow-up prognosis through phone call were analyzed.Results:There were 7 patients included (3 male and 4 female) with an average age of 53 years (41-58 years). The cardinal manifestations were sensorineural deafness (all 7 cases), cerebellar ataxia (all 7 cases) and pyramidal signs (all 7 cases). Dizziness (6 cases), bladder disturbance (5 cases), headache (3 cases), double vision (2 cases) and congnitive impairment (1 case) could also happen. Magnetic resonance imaging showed symmetrical well-defined curvilinear homogeneous low signal on T 2 or blood-sensitive sequences (T 2* gradient echo or susceptibility-weighted imaging) over the superficial surface of cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord or cranio-cervical junction. All the 7 patients showed cerebellar atrophy especially the upper vermis. The potential causes included trauma history in 3 cases, intraspinal fluid-filled collection which indicated dural defect or duropathologies in 3 cases, intraspinal mass in 1 case and vertebral and disc degeneration in all 7 patients. The 5 patients who successsfully got follow-up showed exacerbation of variable degree. Conclusions:Classical superficial siderosis of the central nervous system is a rare disease with cardinal manifestation of progressive ataxia, sensorineural deafness and pyramidal signs. T 2WI of magnetic resonance imaging showing low signal over the superficial surface of cerebellar, brain stem, and spinal cord could indicate the diagnosis, and blood-sensitive sequences such as T 2* gradient echo or susceptibility-weighted imaging were more sensitive. Duropathologies or dural defect may be the most probable causes of the disease and should be examined and treated carefully.

OBJECTIVES: The mechanism for traditional Chinese medicine in treating of recurrent spontaneous abortion is not clear. This study aims to explore the mechanism of baotaiyin in the treatment of recurrent abortion by regulating the immune inflammatory axis of interleukin (IL)-23/helper T cell (Th)17. METHODS: Spontaneous abortion model mice were randomly divided into a model group, 3 dose (low, medium, and high) groups of baotaiyin, with 10 mice in each group. After 14 days of medication, the levels of IL-17, IL-23, IL-10, and TGF-β in serum were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The proportion of Th17 and regulatory T cells (Treg) cells in spleen lymphocytes was tested with flow cytometry. The expressions of (retinoid-related orphan receptor γt, ROR-γt) and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) mRNA in decidua tissues was detected with RT-PCR. Embryo absorption rate was counted. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, the absorption rate of embryo and Th17/Treg cell ratio in baotaiyin medium- and high-dose groups were decreased significantly (all P<0.05); the levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in serum were decreased (both P<0.05), while the levels of TGF-β and IL-10 in baotaiyin medium- and high-dose groups were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively); the expression of ROR-γt mRNA was decreased and the expression of FOXP3 mRNA was increased (all P<0.01) in decidua tissues of baotaiyin medium- and high-dose groups. CONCLUSIONS Baotaiyin inhibits the positive feedback cycle of IL-23/Th17 immune inflammatory axis, which regulates Th17/Treg cell balance, mediates the maternal and fetal immune tolerance, and prevents the recurrent abortion.
Mice ; Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Interleukin-23 ; Interleukin-17/genetics* ; Interleukin-10 ; Abortion, Habitual ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics*

This paper reviews the concepts, evaluation tools, current level, main contents, influencing factors and intervention modes of self-management of young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients. This paper looks forward to the development of self-management of young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients, so as to provide a reference for the self-management practice and effect evaluation of young and middle-aged maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Drug-associated reward memories are conducive to intense craving and often trigger relapse. Simvastatin has been shown to regulate lipids that are involved in memory formation but its influence on other cognitive processes is elusive. Here, we used a mass spectrometry-based lipidomic method to evaluate the impact of simvastatin on the mouse brain in a cocaine-induced reinstatement paradigm. We found that simvastatin blocked the reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) without affecting CPP acquisition. Specifically, only simvastatin administered during extinction prevented cocaine-primed reinstatement. Global lipidome analysis showed that the nucleus accumbens was the region with the greatest degree of change caused by simvastatin. The metabolism of fatty-acids, phospholipids, and triacylglycerol was profoundly affected. Simvastatin reversed most of the effects on phospholipids induced by cocaine. The correlation matrix showed that cocaine and simvastatin significantly reshaped the lipid metabolic pathways in specific brain regions. Furthermore, simvastatin almost reversed all changes in the fatty acyl profile and unsaturation caused by cocaine. In summary, pre-extinction treatment with simvastatin facilitates cocaine extinction and prevents cocaine relapse with brain lipidome remodeling.
Animals ; Brain ; Cocaine ; Conditioning, Operant ; Extinction, Psychological ; Lipidomics ; Male ; Mice ; Simvastatin/therapeutic use*

Objective:To investigate the nutritional risk and prevalence of malnutrition in patients with terminal stage gastrointestinal malignant tumors in a tertiary hospital in Changsha.Methods:Cluster sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of inpatients from Departments of Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hepatobiliary Surgery and Oncology in Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to July 2020. Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was used to assess the prevalence of nutritional risk with malnutrition defined as concurrent presence of BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2, poor general condition and NRS 2002 nutritional impairment score of 3. Step 2 of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnostic criteria (without whole body muscle mass) was adopted to diagnose malnutrition. Step 3 of GLIM criteria was used to evaluate the prevalence of severe malnutrition. Results:A total of 802 patients registered in the 4 departments were selected for screening via cluster sampling and 514 were enrolled according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The prevalence of nutritional risk in patients with terminal stage gastrointestinal cancer was 49.8% (256/514). The prevalence of malnutrition and severe malnutrition per GLIM criteria were 41.6% (214/514) and 18.3% (94/514), respectively.Conclusions:Although nutritional support therapy is not recommended for patients with end-stage cancer. This paper suggests that the prevalence of nutritional risk and malnutrition in patients with end-stage gastrointestinal cancer is not as high as described in some articles.