【Objective】 To investigate the expression of optineurin (OPTN) in multiple myeloma (MM) and explore the mechanism and clinical value of OPTN gene in the occurrence and development of MM. 【Methods】 In this study, three gene expression omnibus (GEO) data sets were used to analyze the expression level of OPTN in MM. Clinical bone marrow samples of MM patients were collected. qRT-PCR was used to further verify the expression of OPTN in MM patients. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the value of OPTN in the prognosis and diagnosis of MM. At the same time, MM transcriptome data were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. According to the median boundary of OPTN mRNA expression level, the MM patients were divided into OPTN high- and low-expression groups. In order to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of OPTN in MM, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was made after the differentially expressed genes were filtered using the limma package of the R language. 【Results】 The expression level of OPTN was significantly lower in MM tissues than in normal tissues (P<0.05). OPTN expression level was significantly correlated with International Staging System (ISS) in MM patients (P<0.05). ROC results showed that the expression level of OPTN could distinguish between normal and MM patients. Survival analysis showed that the overall survival (OS) of patients with low OPTN expression was significantly lower than that of patients with high OPTN expression (P<0.05). GO, KEGG and GSEA enrichment analyses indicated that OPTN might affect apoptosis and autophagy, and regulate cellular immune response by regulating Nod-like receptors, NF-κB, TNF and RAS/MAPK pathways. 【Conclusion】 Low expression of OPTN in MM is associated with poor prognosis of patients, and thus may be an important potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of MM.

Objective To investigate the relationship of miRNA gene polymorphisms with blood pressure(BP)responses to the sodium and potassium diet intervention.Methods In 2004,we recruited 514 participants from 124 families in seven villages of Baoji,Shaanxi Province,China.All subjects were given a three-day normal diet,followed by a seven-day low-salt diet,a seven-day high-salt diet,and finally a seven-day high-salt and potassium supplementation.A total of 19 miRNA single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were selected for analysis.Results Throughout the sodium-potassium dietary intervention,the BP of the subjects fluctuated across all phases,showing a decrease during the low-salt period and an increase during the high-salt period,followed by a reduction in BP subsequent to potassium supplementation during the high-salt diet.MiR-210-3p SNP rs 12364149 was significantly associated with systolic BP(SBP),diastolic BP(DBP)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)responses to low-salt diet.MiR-4638-3p SNP rs6601178 was significantly associated with SBP while miR-26b-3p SNP rs115254818 was significantly associated with MAP responses to low-salt intervention.In addition,miR-26b-3p SNP rs115254818 was significantly correlated with SBP,DBP and MAP responses to high-salt intervention.MiR-1307-5p SNPs rs1 1191676 and rs2292807 were associated with SBP and MAP responses to high-salt diet.MiR-4638-3p SNP rs6601178,miR-210-3p SNP rs12364149,miR-382-5p SNP rs4906032 and rs4143957 were significantly associated with SBP response to high-salt diet.In addition,miR-26b-3p SNP rs115254818 was significantly associated with SBP,DBP and MAP responses to potassium supplementation.MiR-1307-5p SNPs rs11191676,rs2292807,and miR-19a-3p SNP rs4284505 were significantly associated with SBP responses to high-salt and potassium supplementation.Conclusion miRNA gene polymorphisms are associated with BP response to sodium and potassium,suggesting that miRNA genes may be involved in the pathophysiological process of salt sensitivity and potassium sensitivity.

Objective To establish an HPLC fingerprint of Dingdang Qigui Decoction and analyze and evaluate it using chemical pattern recognition technology;To determine the contents of 5 effective chemical components in Dingdang Qigui Decoction;To provide a basis for its quality control.Methods The analysis was performed on Agilent 5 TC-C18(2)column(250 mm×4.6 mm).The mobile phase comprised of acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 260 nm.The column temperature was maintained at 30℃and the injection volume was 10 μL.SPSS 26.0 and SIMCA 14.1 were used to perform clustering analysis and principal component analysis on the 10 batches of Didang Qigui Decoction.The landmark components for inter batch differences were selected through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Results The HPLC fingerprint with eighteen common peaks of Didang Qigui Decoction in 10 batches of sample was established,and the similarities of samples were between 0.828 and 0.989.Five indicative components were identified and quantitatively analyzed by comparing with the reference substances,which were paeoniflorin,mauroisoflavone glucoside,hesperidin,cinnamaldehyde and aloe rhodopsin.The linear ranges was 10.000 0-320.000 0 μg/mL,2.500 0-80.000 0 μg/mL,10.000 0-320.000 0 μg/mL,10.000 0-320.000 0 μg/mL,0.078 1-5.000 0 μg/mL,respectively,and their mean recovery ranged from 100.30%to 104.09%.Clustering analysis and principal component analysis divided 10 batches of samples from Didang Qigui Decoction into 2 categories.Through OPLS-DA screening,hairy pistil isoflavone glycosides,paeoniflorin,and hesperidin were selected as landmark components for quality differences.Conclusion The quality evaluation method for Didang Qigui Decoction established in this study is simple,sensitive,accurate,and reproducible,which can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of Didang Qigui Decoction.

【Objective】 Corin, a transmembrane serine protease that can cleave atrial natriuretic peptide precursor (pro-ANP) into atrial natriuretic peptide with smaller bioactive molecules, participates in the pathophysiological process of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of Corin gene variation with blood pressure responses to sodium and potassium dietary interventions. 【Methods】 In 2004, we recruited 514 participants from 124 families in 7 villages of Baoji, Shaanxi Province, China. All the subjects received a 3-day normal diet, a 7-day low-salt diet, a 7-day high-salt diet, and finally a 7-day high-salt and potassium supplementation. Fifteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Corin gene were selected for final analysis. 【Results】 SNPs rs12509275 were significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response to low-salt diet, while rs3749584 was associated with pulse pressure (PP) response to low-salt diet.SNP rs3749584 and rs10517195 were significantly associated with PP response to high-salt diet. In addition,rs17654278 were significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to high-salt and potassium supplementation, rs2271037 was significantly correlated with DBP responses to high-salt and potassium supplementation, and rs4695253, rs12509275, rs2351783, rs36090894 were significantly associated with PP response to high-salt and potassium supplementation. 【Conclusion】 Corin gene polymorphisms were associated with blood pressure response to sodium and potassium, suggesting that Corin gene may be involved in pathophysiological process of salt sensitivity and potassium sensitivity.

Objective:To construct and validate a nomogram predictive model for readmission risk within 1 year of children with type 1 diabetes.Methods:A total of 395 children with type 1 diabetes who were hospitalized in four hospitals in Xi′an City from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected as the research subjects. The children were divided into training set ( n = 219) and verification set ( n = 175) in 5∶4 ratios. A nomogram prediction model for readmission risk within 1 year of children with type 1 diabetes was constructed based on the training set data, and internal validation was carried out. The external validation was carried out based on validation set data. Results:A total of 85 (21.5%) children were readmitted within 1 year. Mean glycohemoglobin A1c ≥ 7.5%, co-infection, complications of diabetes, and family history of diabetes were risk factors for readmission within 1 year of children with type 1 diabetes ( OR values were 4.010 - 5.510, P<0.05), and age of onset >7 years old was a protective factor ( OR = 0.070, P<0.05). The internal verification of nomogram model showed that the area under ROC curve was 0.778 (95% CI 0.703- 0.853), and the observed curve in calibration curve was basically consistent with the predicted curve. The external verification showed that the area under ROC curve was 0.748 (95% CI 0.642- 0.854), and the observed curve in calibration curve was basically consistent with the predicted curve. Conclusions:The nomogram predictive model for readmission risk within 1 year of children with type 1 diabetes is scientific and practical, and has certain clinical value in guiding targeted prevention and intervention of readmission of children with type 1 diabetes within one year.

Objective TodetecttheCTfindingsofinterstitialpneumoniainacquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome (AIDS)patients andtoanalyzedifferentialdiagnosisofdifferenttypesofinterstitialpneumonia.Methods Atotalof168 AIDSpatientswithinterstitial pneumoniabetweenOctober2016andJune2018 wereretrospectivelystudied.PulmonaryCTfindingsweredescribed.Results Among 168cases,44caseswerediagnosedaspneumocystiscariniipneumonia (PCP),40casesascytomegalovirus(CMV)pneumonia,and 84casesasPCPaccompaniedwithCMVpneumonia.Statisticallysignificantdifferenceswerefoundamong3groupsonsignsofpure groundglassopacity,accompaniedwithdistortedfibrousstripes,andaccompaniedwithconsolidationandmultiplecysts(P＜0.05). PuregroundglassopacitiesweremorelikelytobeseeninPCPpatients,whiledistortedfibrousstripeswerelesslikely,comparedto theothertwogroups.Militarynodules,consolidationandmultiplecystspresentedlessinpatientswithPCPcomparedtopatientswith PCPaccompaniedwithCMVpneumonia.ForPCPpatients,lesionsweremorelikelytobetotallyabsorbedaftertreatment,whilefor patientswithCMVpneumoniaandPCPaccompaniedwithCMVpneumonia,fibrousstripesandemphysema/airsacsweremorelikelyto present.Conclusion CTfindingsofinterstitialpneumoniavaryinAIDSpatients,however,signsofdistortedfibrousstripes,multiple cysts,remainingfibrousstripesandemphysema/airsacsaftertreatmentsuggestco-infectionofCMV.

Objective To indentify the cognitive status of Chinese patients to acne and the influencing factors to theirs' cognitive status,so as to provide solid evidences for the prevention and treatment of acne.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was made to conduct this survey of 16,156 acne patients,who seeked to the treatment in the dermatological departments from 112 hospitals in China.The survey consisted of several parts,including the general status of patients,the patients' cognition of occurrence,development and risk factors of acne,whether the first choice was seeking treatment at the hospital when the patients had acne and the condition of selection of skin care products.The factors were analyzed,which could impact the cognition of the patients' behavior of treatment,how did the patients' cognition to influence their medical behavior and skin care as well as the consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients themselves.Results The acne patients studied had the best knowledge of "acne is a skin disease","it not only occurs in the period of adolescence" and "the disease can be prevented and cured",which accordingly accounted for 80.65％,69.16％ and 65.49％ of the total patients respectively.However,the awareness of acne patients to heredity,high sugar and dairy products as risk factors for acne was insufficient,which accounted for 48.72％,42.40％ and 18.25％ of the total patients,respectively.Gender,age,educational level,occupation and health knowledge were the main factors affecting the cognitive level of patients;the survey also found that men,patient with educational level of junior high or even lower educational condition,occupation of labor workers or farmers and patients were lack of health education with poor knowledge of the genetics and dietary were risk factors for acne;patients with age over 36 years or with mild illness had poor knowledge of dietary risk factors for acne;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The analysis of the influence of cognitive status on medical treatment behavior and skin care showed that the better the cognition,the higher the probability of patients would choose medical treatment as the first choice as well as choosing functional skin care products;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients was poor (Kappa value ＜0.4),and the assessment of severity of acne by patients was more serious than doctors' assessment.Conclusions Patient's cognitive status will affect their medical behavior and skin care,and there is also a phenomenon that patients have a more serious assessment of their acne condition.It is suggested that health education for acne patients should be strengthened in clinical medicine so as to improve their knowledge of acne as well as preventing from acne effectively.

Objective To determine the frequency of Th22 cells and expression of their related cytokines in peripheral blood of patients with alopecia areata(AA), to investigate their significance, and to explore the role of T lymphocytes in the occurrence of AA. Methods A total of 38 patients with AA were enrolled from Central Hospital of Minhang District in Shanghai between January 2015 and May 2016, and served as the case group. At the same time, 38 healthy people served as the control group. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from these patients and controls. Flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentage of Th22 cells, and enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)to measure serum levels of interleukin?22(IL?22)and IL?17. Results Compared with the control group, the case group showed significantly increased percentages of Th22 cells, Th17 cells, IL?17+IL?22+CD4+T cells and IFN?γ+IL?22+CD4+ T cells(all P < 0.01), as well as serum levels of IL?22 and IL?17(both P < 0.05). A significant increase was observed in percentages of Th22 cells, Th17 cells, IL?17+IL?22+CD4+T cells and IFN?γ+IL?22+CD4+T cells, as well as serum levels of IL?22 and IL?17, in patients with severe AA compared with those with mild AA, and in patients with active AA compared with those with stable AA (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Th22 cells and their related cytokines may participate in the occurrence, development and prognosis of AA.

Objective To compare the diagnostic performance of multi-contrast atherosclerosis characterization (MATCH) and magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo (MPRAGE) for the detection of IPH with histologic analysis as the reference standard.Methods Thirty individuals were collected in this study.They were diagnosed to have carotid stenosis＞50％ by ultrasound and scheduled for carotid endarterectomy from 2014 to 2015.3 T carotid MR examinations using MPRAGE,MATCH and 3D TOF were performed in these patients.Axial images covered all plaques and centered at the bifurcation of the carotid artery.All image data sets were processed on a semi-automatic software (MRI-Plaque View,VPDiagnostics,US) to analyze the component of IPH for vulnerable plaques.The consistency between MATCH and MPRAGE was analyzed by using Cohen Kappa analysis.Comparison of the two sequences to the pathological results was performed in a similar manner.The sensitivity and specificity of the two sequences were obtained.The SNR,CNR and contrast ratio(CR) of the two regions of interest were calculated and Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the difference between the two methods.Results Among 30 patients,a total of 602 available sections and 95 correponding histology specimens were included in the analysis.When all 602 available sections were included in the analysis,MATCH yielded good agreement with MPRAGE(Kappa=0.773) on the detection of IPH.With pathological specimens as the gold standard,moderate to good agreement was shown for both MATCH and MPRAGE (Kappa=0.778,0.685).The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of IPH was 93.2％ (68/73) and 90.9％ (20/22) for MATCH.For MPRAGE,the sensitivity and specificity was 87.7％(64/73) and 90.9％(20/22) respectively.The difference between MATCH and MPRAGE was statistically significant for SNR,CNR and CR.That is to say,SNR and CNR of MPRAGE were higher than those of MATCH(P＜0.05),while CR of MATCH was higher than that of MPRAGE(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared to the MPRAGE sequence,MATCH technique demonstrates similar diagnostic performance for the detection of IPH.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of Antituberculotic?loaded bone cement (ATLBC) prepared by mix?ing the anti?TB drugs Rifampicin (RFP), Isoniazid (INH), Pyrazinamid (PZA), Moxifloxacin (MFX) with Palacos R PMMA bone cement in Total Joint Arthroplasty treatment for Joint Tuberculosis. Methods Forty grams of Palacos R bone cement powder without antibiotics was mixed with 1 or 2 grams of RFP, INH, PZA and MFX respectively. According to ISO 5833:2002 stan?dard, 8 groups of ATLBC standard test specimen were prepared as experiment group and Palacos R PMMA bone cement with?out antibiotics was prepared as control group. Physical properties (such as the average dough time, curing time, maximum tem?perature), mechanical strength (such as the compressive strength, the bending resistance strength, the modulus of elasticity) and the concentrations of eluant drug in different time points of ATLBC were detected. Results In RFP (1 g), RFP (2 g), INH (1 g) and INH (2 g) group, the average dough time and curing time were longer than those in control group, which exceeded the standard scope of ISO, while the average maximum temperature was significantly lower than that in control group. The INH ( 1 g) group and INH (2 g) group hardened after mixing for 14 days. The RFP (1 g) group and RFP (2 g) group hardened after mixing for 30 days. Twenty minutes after mixing and hardening, the compressive strength, bending resistance strength and modulus of elastic?ity were significantly lower than the specified values of ISO standard. The physical properties and mechanical strength in PZA ( 1 g) group, PZA (2 g) group, MFX (1 g) group, MFX (2 g) group and control group were in accordance with the specified values of ISO standard, and they hardened after 20 minutes. In RFP (1 g) group, RFP (2 g) group, INH (1 g) group, INH (2 g) group, PZA (1 g) group, PZA (2 g) group, MFX (1 g) group and MFX (2 g) group, the concentration of eluant could maintain for 3 days, 7 days, 90 days, 90 days, 45 days, 60 days, 60 days and 60 days respectively. Conclusion RFP and INH mixing with Palacos R PMMA bone cement can hinder the aggregation of bone cement so they are unsuitable for preparing ATLBC. PZA and MFX mixing with Palacos R PMMA bone cement do not affect the physical properties of bone cement, with excellent mechanical strength and elu?tion properties. Because the minimal inhibitory concentration of PZA is higher and its antimicrobial activity maintains shorter time, while MFX maintains longer time in antimicrobial activity, it's more suitable for the preparation of ATLBC.