Objective: To analyze the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure in the air and dyslipidemia among primary school students, in order to provide the evidencebased support for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in children. Methods: The random sampling method was used to select 625 students from two primary schools in Anhui Province and Tianjin City from May to June 2024. Based on the home address, the annual average exposure levels of PM2.5 were obtained in 3 years before investigation, 2 years before investigation, and the past year before investigation. Fasting blood samples were collected for the detection of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol. Linear regression modeling was used to analyze the association between PM2.5 exposure and dyslipidemia among primary school students. Results: The rate of dyslipidemia among primary school students was 14.72% in the present study. The results of linear regression analysis showed that the TG increased by 0.019(95%CI=0.012-0.025)，0.023(95%CI=0.016-0.030) and 0.021(95%CI=0.014-0.027) mmol/L for every 1 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the past year before investigation, 2 years before investigation and 3 years before investigation respectively (P<0.05). The results of binary Logisitic analysis showed that the risks of dyslipidemia in primary school students were positively correlated with PM2.5 mass concentration in the past year before investigation, 2 years before investigation, and 3 years before investigation [OR(95%CI)=1.06(1.02-1.11), 1.06(1.01-1.12), 1.06(1.01-1.11), P<0.05]. Conclusions PM2.5 exposure is associated with increased risk of dyslipidemia among primary school students. To protect the health of primary school students, effective measures should be taken to improve air quality.

Objective To analyze the urban drinking water quality and its influencing factors in Anhui Province from 2014 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for water quality improvement and protection. Methods The data were collected, saved and monitored according to the Standard Test Method for Drinking Water (GB/T5750-2006) and evaluated according to the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-2006). Results A total of 20 941 samples were collected, and the overall qualified rate was 84.26%. The qualified rate of urban drinking water increased from 76.9% in 2014 to 93.3% in 2022, and the qualified rate of water quality was on the rise (χ²=544.43, P＜0.01). From 2014 to 2022, the qualified rate of water quality in dry season was higher than that in wet season (χ²=35.98, P<0.001), the qualified rate of surface water was higher than that of ground water (χ²=4440.8, P<0.001), and the qualified rate of peripheral tap water was higher than that of factory water (χ²=145.1, P<0.001). Among all kinds of disinfection methods, chlorination disinfection had the highest qualified rate (χ²=1483.8, P<0.001). The qualified rate of water quality increased with the increase of the scale of water plant. Among the inspected indicators, the main unqualified indicators were chlorine dioxide (7.72%), fluoride (7.41%), free residual chlorine (3.90%), and total bacterial count (2.13%). Conclusion The passing rate of urban drinking water quality in Anhui Province is on an upward trend, and the quality of urban drinking water has improved. However, it is still important to pay attention to the problem of excessive microorganism and fluoride in water, and the quality of drinking water varies from place to place.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）external treatment methods in alleviating skin pruritus caused by eczema through a Meta-analysis. Methods Randomized clinical trials investigating the use of TCM external treatment methods for skin pruritus caused by eczema were searched in databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）, VIP, Wanfang, Sinomed, PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and Cochrane, up to December 2024. Two reviewers independently screened and entered the statistical data, conducted bias risk assessment by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, version 5.1.0, and performed Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.4.1. Results Ultimately, 14 studies involving 1 788 patients were included. Compared to the control group, TCM external treatment methods （treatment group）showed better improvement in pruritus scores （Z=11.88, P<0.000 01）, better improvement in Eczema Area and Severity Index （EASI） scores （Z=23.15, P<0.000 01）, higher overall clinical efficacy rate （Z=6.21, P<0.000 01）, better improvement in TCM symptoms （Z=5.49, P<0.000 01）, and lower clinical recurrence rate （Z=2.88, P=0.004）. Three of the included studies mentioned adverse reactions, with the treatment group showing lower adverse reactions than the control group. Conclusion The external treatment of TCM was more effective in treating skin pruritus caused by eczema compared to the control group. Given the biases and heterogeneity in the included literature, this conclusion needs to be further substantiated by more large-scale, multi-center, randomized, controlled, and double-blind studies.

Ulcerative colitis （UC） is a chronic intestinal autoimmune disease， with clinical manifestations including abdominal pain， diarrhea， mucus and bloody stools， and its pathogenesis is complex. The classic prescription Xianglian pills （XLP） has been widely used in the clinical treatment of UC in recent years. It has few adverse reactions， good patient tolerance， and shows significant potential for clinical application. However， there is currently no comprehensive integration of evidence on its clinical research and molecular mechanisms. Through a systematic review of the clinical research and molecular mechanisms of XLP in the treatment of UC， it is found that XLP and its modified formulas， when used in combination with chemical drugs， can significantly improve the symptoms of UC patients and reduce intestinal inflammation， with superior efficacy compared to chemical drugs alone. Its mechanism of action involves regulating pan-apoptosis， immune response， signaling pathways （hypoxia-inducible factor-1α， nuclear factor-κB， etc.）， intestinal flora， and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Its medicinal materials， monomers and active components can also prevent the differentiation of helper T cells 17 and restore the balance of M1/M2 cells through regulating multiple pathways such as Wnt/β -catenin and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription， thereby reducing intestinal damage in UC.

Policy tools are ways to quantitative analysis of policy text content and the construction of a "Policy Tools-Policy Objectives (X-Y Dimension)" framework to explore long-term stability and late-stage innovation of policy development. This paper reviewed the development process of medical and health policies since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and divided 1949-2021 into four stages of reform breeding, institutional transformation, reform improvement and continuous deepening. Screening 121 medical and health policy texts issued at the national level since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, quantitatively analyzing 5 957 policy text cells from the perspective of policy tools, counting the use of policy tools in various periods, and excavating the inherent logic of policy texts, policy tools and policy objectives to derive development characteristics of internal logic deduction. The development of China’s medical and health policy in the new period will serve the people’s health in the first place, adhere to the development direction of equalization of basic public service, strengthen the coordinated development of scientific and technological innovation and talent training, build a health and healthy development system with Chinese characteristics.

Osteoporosis （OP） is a skeletal metabolic disease characterized by bone loss and destruction of bone microstructure. Changes in estrogen levels are not the only pathogenic factors for the occurrence and development of OP. MicroRNA （miRNA） plays an important regulatory role in cells. The complementary sequences of miRNA and targeted mRNA combine to inhibit the expression of targeted mRNA through post-transcriptional regulation， forming a complex regulatory network. Research suggests that miRNA is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases， including inflammatory diseases， metabolic diseases， and cancer. Targeted mRNA participates in post-transcriptional gene expression regulation in OP， mainly regulating the balance among bone construction， bone resorption， and osteoblast differentiation. Therefore， miRNA-based gene therapy is a rapidly developing disease treatment strategy. Traditional Chinese medicine can improve bone metabolism by intervening in miRNA differential expression to target and regulate osteogenic/osteoclast differentiation. This article summarized the targeting effects of miRNAs in physiological and developmental processes such as bone cell proliferation， differentiation， survival， and apoptosis， reviewed and classified their mechanisms of action and targets， and sorted out the current treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating OP and drugs that exert bone protective functions through miRNAs. This review is expected to provide theoretical reference and research guidance for future research on OP treatment by regulating miRNA.

BACKGROUND:Middle-aged and elderly women have a high risk of osteoporosis,and chronic diseases increase the risk of osteoporosis.Low bone mass is a risk stage before the onset of osteoporosis.There are a small amount of relevant reports on the difference of fracture risk and the tangent value of diagnostic indicators in the population with common chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE:Through the analysis of fracture risk of middle-aged and elderly women with different chronic diseases,to investigate the correlation between obesity,hypertension,hyperlipemia,diabetes,arteriosclerosis and bone mineral density and identify the cut-off value of low bone mass index,thereby providing reference for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS:A total of 203 cases of female adults aged 45-70 years were divided into normal group and chronic disease group.The calcaneal bone density was measured by using an ultrasonic bone densitometer.Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was tested by using an arteriosclerotic instrument.Blood sugar and blood lipid were tested by using an automatic biochemical analyzer.Body mass index,fat mass and muscle mass were measured by using a body composition analyzer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were significant differences in body mass index and fracture risk coefficient of women aged 61-70 years and bone strength of women aged 51-60 years and 61-70 years compared with those aged＜50 years(P＜0.05).The fracture risk of diabetes group was significantly higher than that of the other groups,while the fracture risk of arteriosclerosis group was significantly higher than that of normal group and obesity group(P＜0.05).Bone mineral density was negatively correlated with age,left vascular elasticity,right vascular elasticity and triglyceride level,but positively correlated with body mass index(P＜0.05).The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of body mass density and the above indexes was 0.5-0.7,and the corresponding tangents of low body mass density were 55.5 years old(age),756.0 cm/s(left vascular elasticity),789.0 cm/s(right vascular elasticity),1.115 mmol/L(triglyceride level)and 22.35 kg/m2(body mass index).To conclude,diabetes and arteriosclerosis increase the risk of fracture in middle-aged and elderly women.Body mass index,vascular elasticity and triglyceride level have a certain early diagnostic value in predicting low bone mass in women.

ObjectiveTo investigate the tumor inhibition effect and mechanism of Yifei Sanjie Pills （益肺散结丸， YSP） on lung cancer. MethodsLewis lung cancer tumor-derived mice were established and divided into four groups including model control group， cisplatin group， cisplatin + YSP low-dose group and cisplatin + YSP high-dose group， with 12 mice in each group. The corresponding interventions were given for 14 days. The tumor volume was measured on the 0th， 3rd， 7th， 10th and 14th days of administration to evaluate the tumor growth. The plasma and tumor tissue were collected on the 15th day. Plasma from the model group， the cisplatin group and the cisplatin+YSP high-dose group were selected， and plasma exosomes were extracted； the differences in miRNA expression among the groups were detected and analyzed by second-generation sequencing technology， and the potential mechanism of action of YSP was investigated by principal component analysis， biofunctional enrichment analysis and miRNA-target gene regulatory network analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miRNA-615-3p in tumor tissues， and the relationship between miRNA-615-3p and overall survival of lung cancer were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier plotter （kmplot.com） database. ResultsCompared to that of the model control group， the tumor volume of the cisplatin group on day 10， and the cisplatin + YSP low- and high-dose groups on day 7， 10， and 14 were significantly reduced （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared to that of the cisplatin group， the tumor volume of the cisplatin + YSP low- and high-dose groups on day 10 and 14 was significantly reduced （P＜0.05）. The principal component analysis of miRNA expression profiles showed significant differences in miRNA expression between different intervention groups. There were 21 differentially expressed miRNAs between the model control group and the cisplatin group， 50 differentially expressed miRNAs between the model control group and the cisplatin+ YSP high-dose group， and 6 differentially expressed miRNAs between the cisplatin group and the cisplatin+ YSP high-dose group. Biological function enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed miRNAs were mainly involved in the regulation of signaling pathways related to cell growth， proliferation， differentiation， autophagy and other biological activities. The miRNA-target gene regulatory network showed the top 20 genes that were targeted， among which there were proven miRNAs and genes related to lung cancer， and miRNAs that needed further investigation. The expression of miRNA-615-3p in tumor tissues decreased significantly in the cisplatin group and cisplatin+YSP high-dose group compared to that of the model group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The miRNA-615-3p was negatively correlated with the survival prognosis of lung cancer（P＜0.05）. ConclusionCisplatin combined with YSP can effectively inhibit the proliferation of Lewis lung cancer tumors， and the tumor-suppressive effect is related to the regulation of multiple miRNAs， especially the downregulation of miRNA-615-3p expression.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of musk-containing serum on the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:musk-high-,medium-and low-dose groups and blank control group;medicated serum was prepared.Fifteen SD rats were isolated and cultured with BMSCs,and the third generation of BMSCs were identified by morphology,phenotype,osteogenic and adipogenic induction.BMSCs received medicinal healing intervention with high-,medium-and low-(16.8,8.4,and 4.2 μL/100 g)musk,and the cell proliferation rate was detected by MTT assay.Under the intervention of the protein kinase C(PKC)signaling pathway(GF109203X),the effect of musk with pharmacition on the migration of BMSCSs was detected with the Transwell test.Results The rat BMSCs were attached to the wall,with orderly arrangement and good cell viability.Phenotypic identification revealed that the expressions of CD44 and CD90 were positive,while the expressions of CD45 and CD34 were negative,and the cells could differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes.The proliferation rates of BMSCSs with different concentrations at different time periods were higher than those in the blank control group(P＜0.05).The number of BMSCs in the low-concentration musk group(4.2 μL/100 g)was significantly increased at 24 h,48 h and 72 h after the addition of the blocking agent GF109203X(P＜0.05).The migration quantity of the low-concentration musk group+blocker group(GF109203X)significantly decreased at different time periods,and there was no significant difference between different time groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of musk-containing serum in promoting BMSCs migration may be related to the activation of PKC signaling pathway.

Based on the discussions in the The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor （《黄帝内经》）， it is proposed that in the course of the disease， "bind" represents the initial stage of pulmonary nodules， while "accumulation" represents the final form. In terms of the pathogenesis， "two colds interacting" represented by "body cold" and "cold fluid retention" are the prerequisites for the formation of pulmonary nodules， while "disorder of qi" represented by "fainting" is the core of the formation. The specific manifestation is the disturbance of pivot of shaoyang （少阳） or shaoyin （少阴）， resulting in a complex of cold and heat， and then phlegm and stasis are suddenly generated and further formed into nodules. Therefore， the treatment principle should be to regulate the cardinal mechanism， dissolve phlegm and blood stasis. Depending on the complex degree of cold and heat， it is suggested to use Chaihu Guizhi Decoction （柴胡桂枝汤）， Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Decoction （柴胡桂枝干姜汤）， or Chaihu Xianxiong Decoction （柴胡陷胸汤） for disturbance of shaoyang pivot， while for shaoyin pivot dysfunction， modified Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction （麻黄附子细辛汤） or Shengjiang Powder （升降散） can be used.