Objective To investigate the immunological mechanism of Bushen Huoxue prescription in the treatment of endometriosis (EM). Methods The EM mouse model was established by injecting endometrial fragments of donor mice into the abdominal cavity of recipient mice. EM mice were randomly divided into model group,gestrinone group and Bushen Huoxue prescription group,with 8 mice in each group. The mice in gestrinone group were intragastrically administered with gestrinone suspension (0.325 mg/kg) twice a week,while the mice in Bushen Huoxue prescription group were intragastrically administered with Bushen Huoxue prescription (43.68 g/kg) daily for 28 d. After treatment,the mice were sacrificed. The growth of ectopic lesions in mice was observed by gross specimens and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The degree of abdominal adhesion in mice was scored by Blauer adhesion scoring system. The expression of fibrotic markers in mouse lesions was observed by immunohistochemical staining. The levels of inflammatory factors in mouse peritoneal fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The changes of macrophage polarization and phagocytosis were detected by flow cytometry. Results Compared with the model group,the volume of ectopic lesions and abdominal adhesion score of EM mice in the Bushen Huoxue prescription group and gestrinone group were significantly decreased (all P<0.05),the degree of lesion fibrosis was improved,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,transforming growth factor-β1 and interleukin-12 in peritoneal fluid were significantly decreased (all P<0.05),the M2/M1 ratio of peritoneal macrophages was significantly decreased (both P<0.01),and the phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophages had no significant change. The above indexes in the Bushen Huoxue prescription group had no significant difference compared with those in the gestrinone group. Conclusion Bushen Huoxue prescription can improve the immune microenvironment by regulating peritoneal macrophages for treating EM in mice.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and gene variant characteristics of PCDH19 gene related epilepsy, and improve the ability of clinicians in early disease identification. Methods:The clinical data of 3 PCDH19 gene related epilepsy patients admitted to Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from October 2018 to August 2023 diagnosed by gene detection were reviewed and analyzed. Results:All the patients are female, and the onset age of seizure ranged in their infancy. Seizures in clusters and fever sensitivity were observed in all patients, and were very hard to control by single-drug treatment. Proband 1 was seizure-free after 2 kinds of anti-epileptic drug treatment, but with mild degree of intellectual disability. Proband 2 had refractory epilepsy with severe degree of intellectual disability. Proband 3 was seizure-free after 2 kinds of anti-epileptic drug treatment and without intellectual disability. In the first family, the proband carried heterozygous c.369C>G variant in the PCDH19 gene which was identified as de novo after parental validation. In the second family, the proband carried c.1652T>A variant inherited from her mother. In the third family, the proband carried c.278G>A variant inherited from her father. The 3 mutations had not been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database. Conclusions:PCDH19 gene related epilepsy is one special kind of X-linked inherited epilepsy syndrome characterized by seizures in clusters and sensitivity to fever. And gene detection can help with early diagnosis and make rational clinical strategies in time. The variants c.369C>G, c.1652T>A and c.278G>A have enriched the gene variant spectrum of PCDH19.

Social isolation represents the development of a certain level, either partial or complete, of deprivation of socialization and may have adverse effects in many aspects for the elderly, which can be physiological, psychological and social.Meanwhile, during the course of human life, aging becomes an inevitable process and brings about changes in cognitive ability, which become an important focus of our attention.This paper reviews the research progress on the relationship between social isolation and cognitive ability in the elderly, in order to provide a new perspective for future research on social isolation and cognitive ability in the elderly and also to offer new insight on how to construct a model of intervention and health management for the elderly population with social isolation.

Objective To study the mechanism by which mechano growth factor (MGF) promotes the migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).Methods MSCs were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with MGF at various concentrations.Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of RhoA protein and its downstream p-MYPT,as well as p-FAK and t-FAK proteins related to focal adhesion kinase.The aim was to illustrate the effect of MGF in regulating the cytoskeleton of MSCs and the formation of focal adhesion.C3 toxin was used to inhibit RhoA activity and western blotting was used to examine the expression of p-MYPT,and the focal adhesion kinases p-FAK and t-FAK.Transwell assays were used to examine MSCs' migration ability,and immunofluorescence was conducted to examine the formation of F-actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion.Results MGF can significantly promote the expression of MSCs' RhoA and its downstream protein p-MYPT.The effect is dose-dependent.The expression of RhoA and p-MYPT increased most significantly at 50 μM concentration.The ratio of p-FAK to t-FAK indicates that MGF can activate focal adhesion kinase and promote adhesion.C3 toxin significantly inhibited FAK activation.Transwell assays showed that MGF can significantly promote MSC migration,but pretreatment with C3 toxin inhibited it.The immunofluorescence results show that MGF can promote the rearrangement of MSCs' F-actin cytoskeleton and the formation of focal adhesion.C3 toxin disrupted MSCs cytoskeletons and decreased focal adhesion.Conclusion MGF promotes MSCs' migration through RhoA-and kinase-mediated cytoskeleton rearrangement and the formation of focal adhesion.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects Weide'an tablet on gastric function and the expressions of epidermal growth fac-tor(EGF)and its receptor(EGFR)in gastric tissue of model rats with stress-induced gastric injury,and investigate its mechanism in the treatment of gastric ulcer. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into normal group (normal saline),model group (nor-mal saline),positive group (ranitidine hydrochloride,0.015 mg/kg) and Weide'an tablet high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups (1.7,0.87,0.43 g/kg),10 in each group. Except for normal group,rats in other groups were given fasting swimming in cold water to induce gastric ulcer model. After modeling,all rats were intragastrically administrated once a day,for 2 weeks. The body mass of rats in 0,7,14 d of administration was recorded. After 12 h of last administration,gastric juice secretion,gastric juice pH,gastric ulcer area and gastric mucosal damage index of rats were detected,and the expressions of EGF and EGFR in gas-tric tissue were detected. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,body mass and gastric juice pH in 7,14 d in model group were declined;gastric juice secretion and gastric ulcer area were increased,gastric mucosal damage index was increased;and the expressions of EGF and EGFR in gastric tissue were enhanced,with statistical significances(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,except that the body mass,gastric juice secretion,gastric juice pH and gastric ulcer area in Weide'an medium-dose group in 7 d,and body mass,gastric juice secretion,gastric juice pH,gastric ulcer area and the expression of EGF in gastric tis-sue in Weide'an low-dose group in 7,14 d were not significantly improved,above indexes were significantly improved in other ad-ministration groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01);and the effect of Weide'an tablet showed a certain dose-effect relationship. CONCLU-SIONS:Weide'an tablet can significantly improve the gastric function of model rats with stress-induced gastric injury;and the mechanism may be related with enhancing the expressions of EGF and EGFR and promoting ulcer healing.

Objective To develop the methods for identification and determination of scutellarin in compound Granule Tetrandra .Methods A TLC method was used to identify quality for scutellarin ,and a HPLC method was used to determine the content of scutellarin .Results The spot was clear in TLC identification without interference of negative control .The sam-ple size of scutellarin had a good linear relationship with peak area r=0 .9996(n=5)when ranged from 22 .4~156 .8 μg/ml , with the average recovery rate 97 .79% ( RSD=0 .32% ,n=6) .Conclusion The method is simple ,with good specificity and reproducibility ,which can be used as the quality control for this preparation .

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of Compound pueraria tablets on the kidney tissues of diabetic nephropathy rats. METHODS:High sugar and lipid diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin were used to establish the model of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Normal control group was established. Model rats were randomly divided into model control group, positive control group(Irbesartan tablet),Compound pueraria tablets low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose [0.102,0.203,0.406 g/(kg·d)] groups(n were 8-10). The corresponding drugs were given,and fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 24 h urinary protein (Upro) were collected at 1st,14th,28th,42nd,56th day after treatment. SCr,BUN,TC,TG and KI were detected,and renal pathology was observed after the last dose. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,FBG of those groups were all increased after modeling,and 24 h Upro of them were all increased after 28th day (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model control group, FBG of Compound pueraria tablets medium-dose and high-dose groups were all decreased since 42nd day (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and 24 h Upro of Compound pueraria tablets groups were all decreased since 28th day(P<0.05 or P<0.01);BUN,TC,TG and KI of Compound pueraria tablets in medium-dose and high-dose groups were all decreased significantly,and SCr of 3 dose groups were all increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The morphological structure of renal cells was improved significantly in drug treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS:Compound pueraria tablets can correct lipid metabolism disorder,reduce Upro and improve renal func-tion,indicating certain protective effect on the kidney tissues of diabetic nephropathy rats.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of Compound pueraria tablets on the aging model rats. METHODS:The rats were divided into normal group,model control group,positive control group (vitamin E) and Compond pueraria tablets high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose (800,400,200 mg/kg) groups. The aging model rats were made by injection of D-galac-tose solution for 30 d in latter 5 groups,and they were given relevant medicine at same time every 7 days for consecutive 56 days since 31st day. SOD activity and MDA content in the serum and myocardium and LPF contents in the myocardium were determined after the last dosing,and apoptotic cells were counted and the pathology of cerebral tissues were observed. RESULTS:Compared with normal group,the activity of SOD in the serum and myocardium were decreased significantly in model control group,MDA and LPF contents in the myocardium and the number of apoptotic cells were increased significantly(P<0.01);significant myocar-dial cell injury was found. Compared with model control group,the activity of SOD in the serum and myocardium were increased significantly,while MDA and LPF content in the myocardium and the number of apoptotic cells in Compound pueraria tablets high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups were decreased significantly(P<0.05 or P<0.01);myocardial cell morphology was improved significantly. CONCLUSIONS:Compound pueraria tablets has obvious protective effect on myocardial cells in aging rats induced by D-galactose,the mechanism maybe related to the increase of SOD activity and the decrease of the content of MDA and LPF.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Compound pueraria tablets on osteoporosis model rats induced by retinoic acid. METHODS:The osteoporosis model was induced by intragastric administration of retinoic acid solution for 15 days;normal group was established. After modeling,the rats were randomly divided into model control group,Xianling gubao capsule [0.32 g/(kg·d)] positive control group,Compound pueraria tablets low-dose and high-dose [0.24,0.4 g/(kg·d)] groups (n=8). After 6 weeks of ig,the serum sample was collected to determine the levels of serum calcium(s-Ca),serum phosphorus(s-P),ALP and bone gla protein (BGP);bone density instrument was used to detect the contents of bone mineral density (BMD),bone mineral content (BMC),bone image area (BIA) and muscle content (MC);the results of compact bone substance scanning were observed. RE-SULTS:Compared with normal group,the levels of s-Ca,BMD,BMC and MC in rats were decreased in model control group, while the level of BGP was increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model control group,related index and compact bone substance scanning of Compound pueraria tablets groups were all improved;the levels of s-Ca,s-P,ALP,BMD and MC were in-creased in Compound pueraria tablets high-dose group,while the level of BGP was decreased;the levels of BMD and MC were in-creased significantly in Compound pueraria tablets low-dose group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Compound pueraria tab-lets can improve the osteoporosis induced by retinoic acid in rats.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of Weidean tablets on rats with stress-induced gastric ulceration. METH-ODS:Water immersion restraint stress method and empty stomach were employed to establish rat models with gastric ulceration. 60 SD rats were equally randomized into normal control group(isometric sodium chloride injection),model group(isometric sodium chloride injection),ranitidine group(0.015 g/kg),and groups of high,medium and low doses(1.70,0.87 and 0.43 g/kg)of Wei-dean tablets. General situation of stomach was observed .The gastric mucosal injury index,the NO content in serum,and the activi-ties of SOD and iNOS and the contents of MDA and PGE2 in the gastric tissue were detected for rats. Pathomorphological observa-tion of rats’gastric tissues was conducted under the microscope. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,the rats in the model group had higher gastric mucosal injury index,lower content of NO in serum,and weaker activity of SOD,stronger activity of iNOS,higher content of MDA and PGE2,in the gastric tissue. There was statistical significance (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Dark matter,severe deformation and necrosis of gastric mucosal cells in rats were noted,as well as multiple large-area superficial ulcers. Compared with the model group,the rats in groups of high,medium and low doses of Weidean tablets had lower gastric mucosal injury index,higher content of NO in serum,and stronger activity of SOD,weaker activity of iNOS,lower content of MDA and higher content of PGE2,in the gastric tissue. There was statistical significance(P<0.01 or P<0.05). General situation of stomach and the pathomorphological condition of rats’gastric tissues were improved. CONCLUSIONS:Weidean tablets has protective ef-fect to some extent on rats with stress-induced gastric ulceration,the mechanism is related to the improvement of serum levels of anti-oxidation index in rats.