Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. The low early diagnosis rate and poor prognosis of patients have caused serious social burden. Regular screening of high-risk population by low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) can significantly improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer and bring new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. In recent years, LDCT lung cancer screening programs have been carried out in many countries around the world and achieved good results, but there are still some controversies in the selection of screening subjects, screening frequency, cost effectiveness and other aspects. In this paper, the key factors of LDCT lung cancer screening, screening effect, pulmonary nodule management and artificial intelligence contribution to the development of LDCT will be reviewed, and the application progress of LDCT in lung cancer screening will be discussed.
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Artificial Intelligence ; Early Detection of Cancer/methods* ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging* ; Radiation Dosage ; Tomography, Spiral Computed/methods*

Objective:To explore the effects of miRNA-373-3p (miR-373-3p) on the proliferation of nephroblastoma G401 cells through targeted regulation of CD44 expression.Methods:Bioinformatic method was used to predict the possible targeted genes of miR-373-3p based on bioinformatic databases including miRDB, miRanda, PITA and DIANA-microT. G401 cells were taken and transfected with miR-373-3p mimic, mimic negative control, miR-373-3p inhibitor or inhibitor negative control, respectively. Cell proliferation ability was detected by using CCK-8 assay. The number of clones was detected by using clone formation assay. The relative expression level of CD44 mRNA was detected by using real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the expression level of CD44 protein was detected by using Western blotting. The dual luciferase gene reporter assay was carried out in HEK-293T cells to vertify the target gene of miR-373-3p.Results:Bioinformatic analysis indicated that CD44 was a targeted gene of miR-373-3p. After 24 h transfection, the proliferation activity of G401 cells in miR-373-3p mimic group was decreased compared with that in mimic negative control group (all P < 0.05). After 48 h transfection, the proliferation activity of tumor cells in miR-373-3p inhibitor group was increased compared with that inhibitor negative control group (all P < 0.05). The formed number of clones in miR-373-3p mimic group was reduced compared with that in the mimic negative control group (55.3±2.5 vs. 90.7±2.9), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 14.57, P < 0.01). The formed number of clones in miR-373-3p inhibitor group was more than that in inhibitor negative control group (115.0±2.7 vs. 92.0±2.4), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 8.86, P < 0.01). The dual-luciferase gene reporter assay showed that CD44 was a direct targeted gene of miR-373-3p. The relative expression levels of CD44 mRNA in miR-373-3P mimic and mimic negative control group were 0.62±0.03 and 1.00±0.01, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 11.28, P < 0.01). The relative expression levels of CD44 mRNA in miR-373-3p inhibitor and inhibitor negative control group were 1.31±0.02 and 1.00±0.00, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 12.65, P < 0.01). The CD44 protein expression was decreased in miR-373-3p mimic group, while increased in miR-373-3p inhibitor group. Conclusion:miR-373-3p can inhibit tumor cell proliferation by targeting CD44 in nephroblastoma.

PURPOSE: Nasal cytology is important in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal inflammatory diseases. Treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) according to nasal cytology has not been fully studied. We plan to explore the individualized treatment of AR according to nasal cytology. METHODS: Nasal cytology from 468 AR patients was examined for inflammatory cell quantity (grade 0–5) and the percentage of neutrophils and eosinophils. Results were subdivided into the following categories: AR(Eos), eosinophil ≥50% of the whole inflammatory cells; AR(Neu), neutrophils ≥90%; AR(Eos/Neu), 10%≤ eosinophil <50%; AR(Low), grade 0/1 inflammatory cell quantity. Nasal cytology-guided treatment was implemented: all AR(Eos) patients (n=22) and half of the AR(Neu) patients (AR[Neu1], n=22) were treated with mometasone furoate spray and oral loratadine. Another half of the AR(Neu) patients (AR[Neu2], n=22) were treated with oral clarithromycin. Visual analog scale (VAS), symptom scores, and nasal cytology were evaluated 2 weeks before and after treatment. RESULTS: There were 224/468 (47.86%) AR(Eos), 67/468 (14.32%) AR(Neu), 112/468 (23.93%) AR(Eos/Neu), and 65/468 (13.89%) AR(Low) of the AR patients studied. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics among these subgroups, except that the nasal blockage score was higher in AR(Eos) patients than in AR(Neu) patients (1.99 vs. 1.50, P=0.02). Comparing AR(Eos) patients with AR(Neu1) patients 2 weeks after treatment, nasal symptoms and VAS were significantly lower in AR(Eos) patients, except for nasal blockage symptoms (P<0.05 of nasal itching and sneezing; P<0.01 for nasal secretion, total scores, and VAS). Comparing AR(Neu1) with AR(Neu2) patients, nasal symptoms, and VAS were significantly lower in AR(Neu2), except for nasal blockage and nasal itching symptoms (P<0.05 for nasal secretions, sneezing, total score, and VAS). CONCLUSIONS: Nasal cytology may have important value in subtyping AR and optimizing AR treatment. Treating neutrophils is very important in AR patients with locally predominant neutrophils.
Clarithromycin ; Diagnosis ; Eosinophils ; Humans ; Loratadine ; Mometasone Furoate ; Nasal Obstruction ; Neutrophils ; Pruritus ; Rhinitis, Allergic* ; Sneezing ; Visual Analog Scale

Objective To observe the effect of cupping plus medication on the quality of life and estrogen level in perimenopausal syndrome patients. Method A total of 40 eligible perimenopausal syndrome patients were randomized into a cupping-medication group and a Chinese medication group, 20 cases in each group. The Chinese medication group was intervened by Er Xian decoction, the cupping-medication group was intervened by moving cupping on the back in addition to the treatment given to the Chinese medication group, once a week. Each item of the Menopause-specific Quality of Life (MENQOL), the levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteotropic hormone (LH) in serum were observed before and after the treatment, and the results were analyzed. Result After two treatment courses, the vasomotor symptoms, mental state, physiological state, and sexual life scores in the two groups were significantly improved compared to the scores before the treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01), and there was a significant difference between the two groups in comparing the MENQOL total score (P<0.01). The between-group comparison after the treatment showed that the cupping-medication group was significantly superior to the Chinese medication group (P<0.05). After two treatment courses, the serum E2 levels in the two groups were significantly higher than those before the treatment (P<0.01), and the increase in the cupping-medication group was more significant than that in the Chinese medication group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the serum FSH and LH levels in the two groups were lower compared to those before the treatment, but without statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion Moving cupping on the back plus Er Xian decoction can effectively improve the quality of life of perimenopausal syndrome patients and significantly increase the serum E2 level, superior to using Er Xian decoction alone.

Objective To study the relationship between the development of auditory and speech in children with hearing loss after hearing aid fitting and discuss the development of speech with the ability of auditory in children at different stages of evaluation, with different degrees of hearing loss and different ages respectively.Methods A total of 19 children (14 boys and 5 girls) with hearing loss participated in this study.The age at hearing aid fitting ranged from 3 to 8 years old with a mean of 5.42±1.86 years old.According to their hearing levels, the children in this study were divided into two groups: the moderate hearing loss group (n=10) and the severe group (n=9).According to their ages at hearing aid fitting, all children in this study were divided into two groups: the less than or equal to six years old (n=11) and greater than six years old (n=8).MAIS and MUSS were used to evaluate their abilities of auditory and speech at pre-fitting, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after hearing aids were worn respectively.A linear and regression analysis was done in the statistic procedure.Results There was a significant correlation between the scores of MAIS and MUSS (R=0.774,P<0.05).There was also a significant correlation between the scores of MAIS and MUSS for the different evaluating stages respectively.The correlations were pre-fitting (R=0.710,P<0.05), 1 month after hearing aid fitting (R=0.774,P<0.05), 3 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0.814,P<0.05), 6 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0.819,P<0.05), 9 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0.707,P<0.05), 12 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0.649,P<0.05).There was also a significant correlation between the scores of MAIS and MUSS for MAIS (items 3~6) (Sound awareness) and MAIS (items 7~10) (Sound understanding).The correlations for MAIS (items 3~6) were (R=0.768,P<0.05), and for MAIS (items 7~10) (Sound understanding) (R=0.794,P<0.05).There was also a significant correlation between the scores of MAIS and MUSS for different group of ages.The correlations for the group of <6years old were (R=0.808,P<0.05), and for the group of the ≥6 years old (R=0.775,P<0.05).There was also a significant correlation between the scores of MAIS and MUSS for different groups of hearing loss levels.The correlation for the group of moderate hearing loss was (R=0.771,P<0.05), and the group of severe hearing loss (R=0.787,P<0.05).Conclusion The development of auditory ability is closely related to the speech ability.The speech abilities increase with the improvement of auditory abilities.The less severe the hearing loss is, the longer the use of hearing aids, the younger the children are, the better the speech ability improved with auditory ability development after hearing aid fitting.

Objective To study the feasibility of in vitro release of γ-interferon tests (IGRA) in screening of tuberculosis for children with close TB contacts. Methods 185 children with close TB contacts were detected by IGRA at the pediatric clinic in our hospital. Results In IGRA-positive group, the rate of strong positive PPD (PDD≥15 mm) was 50.9%, which was higher than 9.1% in IGRA-negative group (X2 =37.263, P < 0.00). The morbidity rate for children with close TB contacts was 30.2% in IGRA-positive group, and it was significantly higher than 3.0% in IGRA-negative group (X2 = 28.928, P < 0.00). The sensitivity was 80% and the specificity was 77.6% for IGRA screening in children who had close contacts with TB patients. The sensitivity would be 95.0%, as the test was combined with PPD test. Conclusions IGRA screening in children with close TB contacts can increase the detection rate of tuberculosis and reduce imaging screening.

Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the development of audito‐ry and speech in infants with hearing loss after hearing aid fitting and discuss the development of speech with the a‐bility of auditory in infants with different degree of hearing loss and different stage of evaluation after hearing aid fit‐ting .Methods A total of 32 infants (17 boys and 15 girls) with prelingual hearing loss participated in this study . The age at hearing aid fitting ranged from 3 to 34 months with a mean of 15 .6 months .According to their hearing level ,all infants in this study were divided into three groups :group of profound hearing loss(16) ,group of severe hearing loss(11) ,group of moderate hearing loss(5) .CAP and SIR were used to evaluate their abilities of auditory and speech at pre -fitting ,1 ,3 ,6 ,9 and 12 months after hearing aid fitting respectively .A linear and regression a‐nalysis was done in the statistic procedure .Results There was a significant correlation between the scores of CAP and SIR for the three groups respectively .The correlation from low to high followed by the group of profound hear‐ing loss (R=0 .656 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) ,group of severe hearing loss (R=0 .758 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) ,group of mod‐erate hearing loss (R=0 .849 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) .There was also a significant correlation between the scores of CAP and SIR for the different evaluating stages respectively .The correlation from low to high followed by pre -fitting (R=0 .559 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) ,1 month after hearing aid fitting (R=0 .575 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) ,3 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0 .726 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) ,6 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0 .823 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) , 9 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0 .838 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) ,12 months after hearing aid fitting (R=0 .855 ,P=0 .000<0 .05) .Conclusion The development of auditory ability is closely related to speech ability which increases with the improvement of auditory ability .The less the infants have the hearing loss and the longer the infants use the hearing aids ,the higher the auditory ability is related to speech ability in infants after hearing aid fitting .

[Summary] The study was to introduce quality of life measurement instruments for thyroid cancer,as well as the application of these scales.(1) Quality of life scales such as generic scale SF-36,tumor-specific scale EORTC QLQ-C30 were used in previous studies.(2) In these studies,the quality of life assessment was mainly used for measurement of quality of life in patients with thyroid cancer,comparative effectiveness research and specific psychological intervention evaluation,analysis of relevant factors affecting quality of life in patients with thyroid cancer.

Objective: To determine the distribution characteristics of waist circumference (WC), waist height ratio (WHtR) of 6–18 years olds in Guangzhou, and to put forward the WC and WHtR appropriate boundary values for 6–18 years olds on the basis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor assessment. Methods: We analyzed the height, weight, WC and its metabolic indication data (blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and blood lipids) of 15 000 children in Guangzhou, aged 6–18, with the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC), and explored the best value point of WC and WHtRfor the prediction of cardiovascular diseases. Results: When the WC percent reached P85, and WHtR reached 0.48, the cardiovascular risk factors of fasting blood-glucose, blood pressure, and blood fat were signiifcantly higher. Conclusion: The 85th percentile value of WC and 0.48 of WHtR are the appropriate boundary values in increasing the cardiovascular disease risk factors in Chinese children and teenagers. WC and WHtR as a relatively simple inspection method, can well predict cardiovascular diseases, and be used in the conventional measuring items among students.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features, diagnosis and treatments of primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis. METHOD: A case report was presented, and meanwhile etiopathogenesis and differential diagnosis were also reviewed. RESULT: A biopsy was taken and the histopathological examination showed tuberculosis granuloma with caseous necrosis. After anti-tuberculosis therapy, the symptoms disappeared. CONCLUSION Not only otologic disorders but also nasopharyngeal diseases need to be considered when aural fullness exists. More importantly, primary nasopharyngeal tuberculosis should be taken as one of the differential diagnosis.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Diseases ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Tuberculosis ; diagnosis