Objective:To explore the differences in bacterial community structure between proximal colon cancer (PC), distal colon cancer (DC), and rectal cancer (RC), and the values of featured microbiota in differentiating PC with tumor markers.Methods:This case-control study enrolled 85 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients, including 22 PC, 15 DC and 48 RC patients, and 8 colorectal adenoma patients from May 2019 to July 2022 at the Department of General Surgery, Anyang Oncology Hospital. The blood and fecal samples were collected before surgery and then subjected to biochemical tests for tumor markers and 16S rDNA tests, respectively. SPSS (27.0.1) was applied to perform the t-test, one-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Chi-Squared Test. Also, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted on tumor markers and/or f_Bacteroidaceae with SPSS software .Results:All groups had significant differences in the CA125 ( F=3.543, P<0.05), CA72-4 ( F=3.596, P<0.05), and serum tumor-associated materials (TAM) levels ( F=5.787, P<0.01). In PC group, the levels of CA125 [PC vs RC, (36.84±6.30) kU/L vs (12.73±4.21) kU/L, P<0.01] and CA72-4 [PC vs RC, (45.56±10.86) kU/L vs (3.30±7.63) kU/L, P<0.01] were significantly higher than that of the RC group, while the level of TAM was remarkably elevated in PC group than in RC group [PC vs RC, (124.84±5.19) U/ml vs (102.44±3.63) U/ml, P<0.001] and CRA group [PC vs CRA, (124.84±5.19) U/ml vs (95.39±8.42) U/ml, P<0.01]. The LEfSe analysis showed that the featured microbiota in the PC group included f_Bacteroidaceae, f_Neisseriaceae, f_Clostridiaceae_1, f_Spirochaetaceae, and so on. The largest area under the ROC belonged to the combination of TAM and f_Bacteroidaceae, which reached 0.845 (95% CI 0.747-0.944), with sensitivity being 0.857 and specificity being 0.815. Conclusions:There is heterogeneity in gut microbiota composition among PC, DC, RC, and CRA. The combination of gut microbiota and tumor biomarkers demonstrated good differentiating effects in proximal colon cancers.

Background Indoor air pollution is an important risk factor affecting health of the respiratory system. Studies on indoor air pollution in China are mostly limited to the central and eastern regions, and there are few studies in the rural areas of northwest China. Objective To explore the influencing factors of lung ventilation function and its relationship with indoor air pollution in rural areas of Gansu Province based on a cross-sectional investigation. Methods A total of 399 subjects were selected from four villages in Baiyin and Yuzhong of Gansu Province. Questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, lifestyle, disease history, fuel use, and other information, and physical and functional tests were ordered such as height, weight, and lung function. The Indoor Air Pollution (IAP) exposure index was calculated based on smoking, fuel type, and weekly ventilation. IAP > 5 was defined as a high level of indoor air pollution. Lung function indexes included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, forced vital capacity as a percentage of predicted value (FVC%), and forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of predicted value (FEV1%), which were used to determine pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Logistic regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between indoor air pollution and pulmonary ventilation function, and subgroup analysis was further conducted according to home address and BMI , in order to identify the high-risk population of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Results The mean age of the subjects was (56.75±7.31) years old; 155 subjects (38.85%) had normal pulmonary ventilation function, and the other 244 subjects (61.14%) had impaired pulmonary ventilation function; about 89.97% of the subjects were exposed to high level of indoor air pollution (IAP > 5). We found that IAP > 5 (OR=2.327, 95%CI: 1.089-4.974) and use of bituminous coal as the main heating fuel in winter (OR=3.467, 95%CI: 1.197-10.037) increased the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction after adjusting for age, BMI, residence, gender, smoking, drinking, and cardiovascular disease. The subgroup analysis results showed that no ventilation in the living room/bedroom (OR=3.460, 95%CI: 1.116-10.268) increased the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in Baiyin. Heating with coal stoves and Chinese Kang in the bedroom (OR=2.092, 95%CI: 1.030-4.247) and cooking in the bedroom in winter ( OR =2.954, 95% CI : 1.046-8.344) also increased the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the residents with BMI≤24 kg·m⁻². IAP > 5 (OR=3.739, 95%CI: 1.147-12.182) was associated with a significantly increased risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in the BMI > 24 kg·m⁻² subgroup. Conclusion The pulmonary ventilation function of rural residents in Gansu is poor, which is negatively correlated with indoor air pollution. Coal use, overweight, cooking in bedroom, and use of coal stoves and Chinese Kang for heating may increase the risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction, while room ventilation is a beneficial factor.

The evaluation of female fertility at first diagnosis is an important premise and basis for determining the treatment scheme of assisted reproduction. In this study, a survey was conducted among 13 assisted reproductive institutions in China to understand the evaluation indicators and detection methods of female fertility at first diagnosis in various institutions, and provide a basis for reasonable selection of indicators. The survey showed that the indicators of female fertility evaluation at first diagnosis among assisted reproductive institutions included general health indicators, ovarian reserve indicators, and uterine conditions, etc. The selection of indicators was considerably consistent, but the detection methods were quite different. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the detection method with better validity and less harm.

The evaluation of female fertility at first diagnosis is an important premise and basis for determining the treatment scheme of assisted reproduction. In this study, a survey was conducted among 13 assisted reproductive institutions in China to understand the evaluation indicators and detection methods of female fertility at first diagnosis in various institutions, and provide a basis for reasonable selection of indicators. The survey showed that the indicators of female fertility evaluation at first diagnosis among assisted reproductive institutions included general health indicators, ovarian reserve indicators, and uterine conditions, etc. The selection of indicators was considerably consistent, but the detection methods were quite different. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the detection method with better validity and less harm.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of femoral triangle versus adductor canal approach to saphenous nerve block for postoperative analgesia in the patients undergoing knee arthroplasty. Methods: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 53-68 yr, scheduled for elective total knee arthroplasty under general anesthesia, were assigned into 2 groups (n=30 each) using a random number table method: femoral triangle approach to saphenous nerve block group (group F) and adductor canal approach to saphenous nerve block group (group A). Femoral triangle and adductor canal approach to saphenous nerve block was performed by injecting 0.5% ropivacaine 20 ml in group F and group A, respectively.Patient-controlled saphenous nerve block analgesia was used in two groups, and the analgesic pump solution contained 1% ropivacaine 400 mg diluted to 160 ml in 0.9% sodium chloride injection.The analgesic pump was set up with a 5 ml bolus dose, a 30-min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 5 ml/h, and analgesia lasted until 72 h after operation.When visual analog scale score > 4 and pain was not relived after 30-min pressing by patients, pethidine hydrochloride 100 mg was intramuscularly injected as rescue analgesic.The muscle strength of quadriceps femoris was assessed by manual muscle test at 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 h after operation.The patient′s satisfaction score was assessed and recorded at 72 h after operation.Rescue analgesia and development of adverse reactions (local anesthetic intoxication, itching, dizziness, urinary retention, nausea and vomiting) were recorded within 72 h after operation. Results: Compared with group F, the muscle strength of quadriceps femoris was significantly increased at 4, 8 and 24 h after operation, the rate of postoperative rescue analgesia was decreased (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in patient′s satisfaction score or incidence of adverse reactions in group A (P>0.05). Conclusion Adductor canal approach to saphenous nerve block provides better efficacy for postoperative analgesia than femoral triangle approach to saphenous nerve block in the patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.

Objective To evaluate the effect of low frequency ultrasound on the volume of the radiofrequency ablation lesion in canine hyperplasia prostate tissue.Methods A total of 9 experimental dogs were divided into three groups(3 in each group).Radiofrequency ablation was performed on the canine prostates.Low-frequency ultrasound was performed before the ablation of the experimental group.Radiofrequency ablation or low-frequency ultrasound was performed only in the control groups.Then all experiment animals underwent routine rectal examination,contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and MRI.The volume of prostate ablation lesions in enhanced magnetic resonance imaging was compared between the low-frequency ultrasound irradiation plus radiofrequency ablation group and the control group with radiofrequency ablation only.Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test to compare the differences between groups.Results Contrast enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)performed immediately after low-frequency ultrasound irradiation showed that the time to peak of intra-prostatic contrast agent shortened,the maximum intensity decreased compared with those before irradiation [(28.55±10.88)s vs(14.81±5.15)s,t=2.796,P=0.0189],and the contrast agent duration increased [(2046.56±424.66)dB s vs(1454.82±458.12)dB s],the difference was statistically significant(t=2.32,P=0.0427).CEUS and MRI can accurately evaluate the size of the prostate radiofrequency ablation.The ablation volume of the experimental group after ablation was(1.27 ± 0.21)cm3in the experimental group,while the volume of the ablation group in the control group was(0.73±0.18)cm3,and the difference was statistically significant(t=3.382,P=0.0277); however,the other group which were only exposed to low-frequency ultrasound did not show lesions.Conclusion Low frequency ultrasound irradiation can effectively block the blood flow in proliferative prostatic tissue,and combined with radiofrequency ablation can effectively increase the volume of ablation.

Objective To observe the effect of peripheral blood microRNA-182 (miR-182) combined with interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the early diagnosis of cerebral infarction (CI) in patients with eclampsia. Methods A prospective non-randomized controlled study was conducted. The patients with eclampsia admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Liaocheng People's Hospital from January 1st, 2013 to September 30th 2016 were enrolled. Cerebral imaging was conducted in 7 days after admission to make a definite diagnosis of the occurrence of CI, excluding patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Patients were divided into CI group and non-CI group. Twenty healthy women of childbearing age were selected as control group. Peripheral venous blood of all patients with eclampsia at 1 day after admission, the expression of miR-182 was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), regulatory T cells (Treg) and T helper 17 cells (Th17) ratio was detected by flow cytometry, and the level of plasma IL-17 was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between the indexes. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of each index for CI in patients with eclampsia. Results In the 30 patients with eclampsia, there were 13 cases of CI, including 10 case of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) and 3 cases of arterial thrombus; 17 cases of non-CI, including 15 cases of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) and 2 cases without obvious abnormalities. Compared with control group, the levels of miR-182, Th17% and IL-17 in non-CI group and CI group were significantly higher, and the Treg% was significantly lower. The levels of parameters mentioned above were further increased in CI group than those in non-CI group [miR-182 (2-ΔΔCt): 2.35±0.79 vs. 1.75±0.56, Th17%: (5.16±1.89)% vs. (3.93±1.92)%, IL-17 (ng/L):37.45±6.20 vs. 26.65±5.13, all P < 0.05]. Pearson correlation analysis showed that miR-182 was positively correlated with Th17% and IL-17 (r1 = 0.761, r2 = 0.842, both P < 0.01). ROC curves showed that when the cut-off value of miR-182 was 2.88, the diagnosis sensitivity of preeclampsia CI was 84.6%, the specificity was 82.4%, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.816 [95%CI confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.641-0.992]; when cut-off value of IL-17 was 34.44 ng/L, diagnosis of preeclampsia CI the sensitivity was 71.5%, the specificity was 85.3%, and AUC was 0.773 (95%CI = 0.602-0.945); when miR-182 was combined with IL-17, the diagnosis sensitivity was 92.3%, specificity was 83.6%, and AUC was 0.896 (95%CI = 0.759-1.032). Conclusions To some extent the expression of miR-182 and IL-17 in peripheral blood can predict the occurrence of CI in early stage. When the two are used together, the predictive value is better.

Objective To explore the duration of blood blocking effect and recovery process induced by low-frequency ultrasound combining microbubbles (USMB) on prostate cancer xenografts.Methods A total of 88 nude mice undergoing USMB was studied.Contrast enhanced ultrasound,Hemotoxylin and eosin staining,and modified Martius-Sarlet-Blue staining were used to compared the average peak intensity(API),time to peak intensity(TP) and histological alteration before and after treatment.Results Immediately after the treatment,the tumor contrast perfusion completely disappeared,API dropped from 68.63±5.25 to 18.01±2.73 (P<0.001,vs pre-treatment) and TP increased from (32.28±6.18)s to (72.63±7.47)s (P<0.001,vs pre-treatment).At 30 minutes and 1 hour after treatment,the tumor perfusion remained defect.At 2 hours after treatment,rarely dotted enhancement was showed.The differences among the three groups in API and TP at 30 minutes,1 hour and 2 hours after treatment were not significant (all P>0.05).From post-3 hours after treatment ,the tumor perfusion began a process of perfusion recovery,and showed nodular or large patch of heterogeneous enhancement.API at 3 hours after treatment was 51.99±6.20 (P<0.001,vs post treatment immediately),and TP decreased to (50.41±6.51)s (P<0.001,vs post treatment immediately).At 4 hours,5 hours,6 hours,12 hours and 24 hours after treatment ,CEUS showed homogeneous and rich enhancement,and there was no significant difference in both API and TP,compared with those pre-treatment (all P>0.05,vs pre-treatment).Histological examinations showed that,immediately after treatment,microvessels severely dilated,ruptured and intravascular and extravascular thrombi formed.At 30 minutes,1-hour and 2-hour after treatment,extravascular thrombi and hematomas gradually disappeared.From 3-hour after treatment,vessel dilation was lessened,and intravascular thrombi gradually shrank.At 12-hour after treatment,microvessels had almost fully recovered as pre-treatment.Conclusions USMB could block blood perfusion of prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice for 2 hours.The blood reperfusion is probably mainly caused by thrombolysis in microvessels.

Objective To compare endoscopic stenting with surgery for pyloric obstruction caused by unresectable gastric cancer.Methods Between June 2002 and June 2012,6 patients underwent endoscopic stenting and 70 did surgery for gastric outlet obstruction caused by gastric cancer.Results There were no significant difference in technical success rate and clinical success rate between the stenting and surgery groups (P ＞ 0.05).The stenting group had shorter time to oral intake,and shorter length of hospital stay [(2.5-± 3.1) d vs.(6.6 ± 3.5) d,t =-7.0,P ＜ 0.001].The incidence of early complications was significantly higher in the surgery group.However,the rates of late complications were significantly lower in the surgery group.Moreover,the surgery group was significantly associated with a longer patency duration [(295.8 d,95％ CI:260.7-330.8) vs.(168.2 d,95％ CI:134.7-201.7 d),P ＜0.001] and overall survival [(307.6 d,95％ CI:272.4-342.8 d) vs.(229.6 d,95％ CI:195.1-264.3 d),P =0.003].Conclusions Both endoscopic stenting and surgery are effective palliative therapy for gastric outlet obstruction caused by gastric cancer.Endoscopic stenting is associated with better shortterm outcomes.Surgery is preferable to ES in longer patency duration.

Xuanwei district in Yunnan Province of China has pretty high incidence of lung cancer in China, even a- round the world. Studies have shown that there exists a close relationship between lung cancer and local indoor air pollution caused by Bituminous coal. Considering that the indoor air pollution in Xuanwei District is caused by "open fireplace", an indoor air pollution simulation system was designed, and an F344 rats lung damage model was estab- lished for this indoor air pollution fireplace. The model is based on indoor air pollution simulation system with signal multiplexer control and multi-channel acquisition, and mining PID algorithm was used for polynomial fitting to each test point, and a relatively constant PM2. 5 air pollution status was simulated. The results showed that the system could simulate a variety of states of air pollution, provide a new test method for evaluation of human injury caused by indoor air pollution and a new idea for the study of the incidence of lung cancer in Xuanwei district and other places.
Air Pollution, Indoor ; analysis ; Animals ; China ; Coal ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung ; drug effects ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Models, Biological ; Particulate Matter ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred F344