Objective:To explore the use of differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)method to identify polypropyl-ene infusion bottles material.Methods:The thermal analysis curve under nitrogen was determined at temperatures between 40 ℃ and 200 ℃ with a heating rate of 20 ℃·min-1,then cooled to 40 ℃ at a rate of 20 ℃·min-1.The sample was heated from 40 ℃ to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃·min-1,held the specimen at 200 ℃ for 10 min,then cooled to 40 ℃ at a rate of 10 ℃·min-1.Results:The melting peak temperature(Tm)of polypropyl-ene infusion bottles was between 145-150 ℃.Conclusion:The proposed method is accurate,sensitive,and sim-ple,and can be used for determination of polypropylene infusion bottles material,which can also provide reference for the standard improvement of polypropylene infusion bottles.

Objective:To establish a preparation method for dissolved matter test solution of polypropylene port for plastic infusion containers,and to provide a reference for a standard system for pharmaceutical packaging materials of this product.Methods:Determination for results of dissolved matter test solution by specific surface area method and mass method were compared and analyzed in pair.Results:There were differences in sample amount and con-tact area between the two methods,but the results of dissolved matter test solution were generally consistent.Paired sample Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired sample T-test were used in pH,readily oxidizable substances,and non-volatile substance which indicators are quantifiable.Results show that there were no significant differences between the test solution,with Cohen's d values of 0.153,0.218,and 0.296,respectively,which were small in magnitude.Conclusion:In the case of insignificant differences between the two sampling methods,for polypropyl-ene port for plastic infusion containers and other irregular products,it is recommended that the test solution is prepared by leaching by mass,that is,a leaching ratio of 0.2 g·mL-1 by mass or volume,with more reproducible results.This study provides a reference for the establishment of standard for polypropylene port for plastic infusion containers.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of dengue fever patients, summarize the course and characteristics of the disease, and analyze the risk factors that affect the condition.Methods:Retrospective collection of general information, clinical symptoms, medical history, laboratory tests, prognosis and other clinical data of dengue fever patients that admitted to Jinghong First People's Hospital and severe dengue fever patients at People's Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture from June to December 2023 was conducted using a case report form (CRF). According to the diagnostic criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO), patients were divided into dengue fever group, dengue fever with warning signs group, and severe dengue fever group. The differences in clinical data between different groups of patients were analyzed and compared. Binary multiple factor Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors affecting the severity of dengue fever in patients. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn to analyze the predictive value of prediction models constructed for various risk factors for severe dengue fever. Subgroup analysis was performed on the prognosis of severe dengue fever patients, and the differences in clinical data between two groups of patients with different prognoses were compared. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors affecting the prognosis of severe dengue fever patients. ROC curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of prediction models constructed for various risk factors on the prognosis of severe dengue fever patients.Results:A total of 2 264 patients were included, including 499 cases in the dengue fever group, 1 379 cases in the dengue fever with warning signs group, and 386 in the severe dengue fever group (43 deaths and 343 survivors). The most common symptom of dengue fever patients was fever (94.70%), followed by muscle soreness (70.54%), headache (63.12%), fatigue (58.92%), and chills (46.02%). Compared with the dengue fever group and the dengue fever with warning signs group, the ratio of thalassemia and the levels of cardiac troponin (cTnI, cTnT), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), and myoglobin were significantly increased in patients with severe dengue fever group, albumin (Alb) was significantly decreased in patients with severe dengue fever group. The levels of cTnT and myoglobin in patients with dengue fever with warning signs group were significantly higher than those in the dengue fever group, and the level of Alb in patients with dengue fever with warning signs group was significantly lower than that in the dengue fever group, the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thalassemia [odds ratio ( OR) = 6.214, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 2.337-16.524, P < 0.001], Alb ≤ 36 g/L ( OR = 6.297, 95% CI was 4.270-9.286, P < 0.001), and cTnT levels ( OR = 1.008, 95% CI was 1.002-1.015, P = 0.016) were risk factors for severe dengue fever. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting severe dengue fever based on the prediction models constructed for the above risk factors was 0.856, with the best predictive value of 0.067, sensitivity of 67.1%, and specificity of 99.4%. In the subgroup analysis of patients with severe dengue fever, compared with the survival group, the levels of hematocrit (HCT), cTnT, and CK-MB in the death group patients were significantly increased, while the level of Alb was significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Alb ( OR = 0.839, 95% CI was 0.755-0.932, P = 0.001), HCT ( OR = 1.086, 95% CI was 1.010-1.168, P = 0.025), elevated troponin level ( OR = 10.119, 95% CI was 2.596-39.440, P < 0.001), and CK-MB ( OR = 1.081, 95% CI was 1.032-1.133, P < 0.001) were risk factors for mortality in patients with severe dengue fever. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC for predicting death in severe dengue fever patients based on the prediction models constructed for the above risk factors was 0.881, with the best predictive value of 0.113, sensitivity of 75.0%, and specificity of 88.9%. Conclusion:Thalassemia, Alb≤36 g/L, and cTnT level are risk factors for severe dengue fever, while HCT level, Alb level, CK-MB level, and elevated troponin level are risk factors for death in patients with severe dengue fever.

Objective:The aims of the study were to investigate the relationship among atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and inflammatory adipocytokines with the severity of coronary artery calcification (CAC) score in coronary artery disease (CAD). And then we analyzed the diagnostic value of the new markers on CAC.Methods:A total of 241 patients with CAD diagnosed by coronary CT angiography (CTA) and coronary angiography in Baoding First Central Hospital from June 2019 to June 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. According to the presence of calcification in coronary CTA, they were divided into CAC group ( n=63) and non-CAC group ( n=178). The clinical data of the patients were collected, and the levels of serum inflammatory factors were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The correlation between CAC score and AIP and inflammatory cytokines was analyzed. The diagnostic value of AIP and inflammatory factors in the formation of CAC in patients with CAD. Results:The levels of AIP, serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) and oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in CAC group were higher than those in non-CAC group, while the levels of serum fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) were lower than those in non-CAC group, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that CAC score of CAD patients was positively correlated with AIP, OPG and COMP ( r=0.581, 0.451, 0.326, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with FGF21 ( r=-0.294, P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that AIP, OPG, COMP and FGF21 had diagnostic value for CAC in CAD patients (all P<0.05). AIP>0.387, OPG>5.150 ng/ml, FGF21>136.35 pg/ml, COMP>733.16 ng/ml were independent factors affecting the formation of CAC (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The increase of AIP and the change of inflammatory factors can be used as markers for the diagnosis of CAC formation in CAD patients.

Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is a common complication in patients with diabetes mellitus of long duration, presenting with recurrent nausea, vomiting, postprandial fullness and early satiety caused by delayed gastric emptying. The treatments of DGP include dietary therapy, nutritional support, glycemic control, use of prokinetic and antiemetic agents. This review focuses on current status of the drug treatment and the progress of new agents of DGF under the preclinical and clinical trials.

Objective:To summarize and evaluate the domestic and foreign evidence on the intervention and management of neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury, so as to provide evidence-based basis for clinical nursing staff.Methods:According to "6S" evidence model of evidence pyramid, computer evidence retrieval was carried out. Expert consensus and evidence summary quality assessment used the corresponding evaluation criteria of JBI evidence-based Health Care Centers (2016), while evidence-based guidelines quality used AGREE Ⅱinstrument, and high quality evidence was extracted.Results:A total of 6 articles, including 5 guidelines and 1 expert consensus, were included in this study. A total of 22 pieces of evidence were extracted, including the assessment, intervention measures, feedback, education and nursing model of neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury.Conclusion:This study summarizes the evidence for the intervention and management of pathologic pain in spinal cord injury, which can provide scientific basis for clinical nursing staff. As the evidence summarized in this study comes from many countries, sufficient evaluation of clinical environment and other related factors should be conducted before application to promote the quality of nursing.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the phenotype and genetic variants of a pedigree affected with hereditary protein C (PC) deficiency. METHODS: The protein C activity (PC:A) of the proband and her family members (a four-generation pedigree including 11 individuals) were tested by chromogenic substrate method, and the protein C antigen (PC:Ag) was detected with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The 9 exons and flanking sequences of the protein C (PROC) gene were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. Suspected mutation was validated by clone sequencing and in other members of the family. MutationTaster and ClustalX-2.1-win was used to analyze the pathogenicity and conservation of the mutation site,respectively. Three-dimentional protein model and amino acids interaction were analyzed with Swiss-PdbViewer software. RESULTS: The PC: A and PC: Ag of the proband were decreased to 46% (reference range: 70%-130%) and 50% (referencerange:70%-140%), respectively. Her grandmother,aunt, cousin and younger brother also showed declined PC:A and PC:Ag by approximately 50%. Genetic analysis revealed that the above individuals have all carried a deletional mutation c.1212-1212delG (p.Met364TrpfsX15) in exon 9 of the PROC gene which can cause replacement of Methionine at position 364 by Tryptophan and alteration of 15 downstream amino acids, and produce a premature stop codon at position 378. The score of MutationTaster was 1.000, indicating that the variant is pathogenic. Conservative analysis showed that the 15 altered amino acids are located in a conserved region across nine homologous species. Protein model analysis showed that the mutation has disrupted a catalytic domain of protein C thereby affected its function. CONCLUSION The heterozygous c.1212-1212delG deletional mutation in exon 9 of the PROC gene, which was unreported previously,probably accounts for the decrease of PC:A and PC:Ag in this pedigree.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypercoagulability, hypertension, and multiorgan dysfunction. Effective antivirals with safe clinical profile are urgently needed to improve the overall prognosis. In an analysis of a randomly collected cohort of 124 patients with COVID-19, we found that hypercoagulability as indicated by elevated concentrations of D-dimers was associated with disease severity. By virtual screening of a U.S. FDA approved drug library, we identified an anticoagulation agent dipyridamole (DIP) , which suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication . In a proof-of-concept trial involving 31 patients with COVID-19, DIP supplementation was associated with significantly decreased concentrations of D-dimers ( < 0.05), increased lymphocyte and platelet recovery in the circulation, and markedly improved clinical outcomes in comparison to the control patients. In particular, all 8 of the DIP-treated severely ill patients showed remarkable improvement: 7 patients (87.5%) achieved clinical cure and were discharged from the hospitals while the remaining 1 patient (12.5%) was in clinical remission.

Objective Assess and determine inactivation effect of heat,.ultraviolet (UV) light and three disinfectants against human infected H9N2 avian influenza virus in laboratory.Methods Suspension containing with 1010.67 TCID50/ml viral was exposed to 50 ℃,56 ℃,60 ℃,65 ℃ for 10 to 60 minutes and UV every 10 interval minutes from 10 to 80 minutes.The residual viruses after physical treatment were determined through half of tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) with MDCK cells and calculated by Reed-Muench method.Suspension with 1010.37EID50/ml quantitative virus was applied to equal volume of 10％ 84 sanitizer,75％ ethanol,1％ Virkon solution and incubated for 1 minute to 15 minutes respectively.The residual viral activity would be evaluated by inoculating in SPF chicken embryo.When the virus titer dropped by 4 lgTCID50/ml or virus in chicken embryo culture was observed to be negative,the physical and chemical treatment was considered effective.Results Human infected H9N2 avian influenza virus titer decreased by 4.02 lgTCID50 at 56 ℃ for 15 minutes,and after 30 minutes at 56 ℃ or 10 minutes at 60 ℃/65 ℃,the post-viral titer would decline below the detection level.20 minutes of UV irradiation would lead to a 5.67 log reduction,and after 70 minutes lighted,the virus titer fell below the detection level.Virus proliferation was not detected after 3 minutes of disinfection with 10％ 84 sanitizer,75％ ethanol and 1％ Virkon.Conclusions We should note that it is necessary to meet the specific condition to effectively inactivate the human infected H9N2 avian influenza virus.Our study provides an experimental basis for the biosafety operation of human infected H9N2 avian influenza virus.

BACKGROUND:Intramedul ary nails and locking plates are widely used for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Which is better for two types of implants in patients remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical outcome of intramedul ary nails versus locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture according to Cochrane Meta analysis. METHODS:We searched PubMed, SCI, Embase, the Cochranel Library and CBMdisc, VIP information, Wanfang Database, and CNKI for randomized control ed trials and quasi-randomized control ed trials on intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. RevMan 5.2 software was used to analyze operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, postoperative complications (heterotopic ossification, pain, screw penetration, necrosis of humeral head), and Constant Score. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Six articles of clinical control ed trials were included with 259 patients. 131 patients received intramedul ary nails, and 128 patients received locking plates. Meta-analysis displayed that no significant difference in fracture healing time, heterotopic ossification, pain, necrosis of humeral head and Constant Score was detected between intramedul ary nails and locking plates for two-part proximal humerus fracture. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and screw penetration were significantly less in the fixation with intramedul ary nails than that in locking plates (P<0.05). These findings suggested that compared with locking plates, intramedul ary nails method for two-part proximal humerus fractures could reduce screw penetration.