ObjectiveTo analyze the differences in color， odor and volatile components of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（CRP） before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， and to explore the material basis of enhancing the effect of strengthening spleen after processing and the scientific connotation of decoction pieces processed with Halloysitum Rubrum as the auxiliary material. MethodsThe volatile components of the samples before and after processing were identified and relatively quantified by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and the volatile components were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）. According to the principle of variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1.5， volatile differential components before and after processing were screened. And combined with intelligent sensory technologies such as colorimeter and electronic nose， the chroma and odor information of CRP before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum were identified. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between volatile differential components and chroma values. ResultsA total of 112 volatile components were identified from CRP and CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， of which 84 were from CRP and 97 were from CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum. And 7 differential components were selected， including α-pinene， β-myrcene， linalool， sabinene， ocimene isomer mixture， A-ocimene， and δ-elemene. After being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the brightness value（L^*）， yellow-blue value（b^*） and total chromatic value（E^*_ab） of CRP were decreased（P<0.01）， and red-green value（a^*） was increased（P<0.01）， the response values of S4， S5， S10 and S13 sensors were significantly increased（P<0.05）， and the response values of S3 and S8 sensors were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that α-pinene and β-myrcene were negatively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， but positively correlated with a^*. Sabinene was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab. Linalool was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， and negatively correlated with a^*. The ocimene isomer mixture was positively correlated with the L^*. ConclusionAfter being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the appearance color， odor and volatile components of CRP change significantly， and α-pinene， β-myrcene， sabinene， linalool and A-ocimene are the characteristic volatile components before and after processing， which can provide references for the quality evaluation and clinical application of CRP and its processed products.

ObjectiveTo analyze the differences in color， odor and volatile components of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium（CRP） before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， and to explore the material basis of enhancing the effect of strengthening spleen after processing and the scientific connotation of decoction pieces processed with Halloysitum Rubrum as the auxiliary material. MethodsThe volatile components of the samples before and after processing were identified and relatively quantified by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（HS-GC-MS）， and the volatile components were analyzed by principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA）. According to the principle of variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1.5， volatile differential components before and after processing were screened. And combined with intelligent sensory technologies such as colorimeter and electronic nose， the chroma and odor information of CRP before and after being stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum were identified. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between volatile differential components and chroma values. ResultsA total of 112 volatile components were identified from CRP and CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum， of which 84 were from CRP and 97 were from CRP stir-fried with Halloysitum Rubrum. And 7 differential components were selected， including α-pinene， β-myrcene， linalool， sabinene， ocimene isomer mixture， A-ocimene， and δ-elemene. After being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the brightness value（L^*）， yellow-blue value（b^*） and total chromatic value（E^*_ab） of CRP were decreased（P<0.01）， and red-green value（a^*） was increased（P<0.01）， the response values of S4， S5， S10 and S13 sensors were significantly increased（P<0.05）， and the response values of S3 and S8 sensors were significantly decreased（P<0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that α-pinene and β-myrcene were negatively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， but positively correlated with a^*. Sabinene was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab. Linalool was positively correlated with L^* and E^*_ab， and negatively correlated with a^*. The ocimene isomer mixture was positively correlated with the L^*. ConclusionAfter being processed with Halloysitum Rubrum， the appearance color， odor and volatile components of CRP change significantly， and α-pinene， β-myrcene， sabinene， linalool and A-ocimene are the characteristic volatile components before and after processing， which can provide references for the quality evaluation and clinical application of CRP and its processed products.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effect of stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix on androgenic alopecia （AGA） and study the treatment mechanism. MethodNinety-nine SPF-grade male C57BL/6J mice were randomized into control， model， positive drug （finasteride， 0.65 mg·kg^-1）， low （0.78 g·kg^-1）， medium （1.56 g·kg^-1）， and high （3.12 g·kg^-1）-dose stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix， and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata groups by the random number table method. The mouse model of AGA was constructed by subcutaneous multi-point injection of testosterone propionate diluent for 60 days， and the mice were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage from day 11. The therapeutic effects of stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata on AGA were evaluated by newly hair area， hair length， hair weight in the hair removal area， and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to determine the levels of testosterone （T）， dihydrotestosterone （DHT）， and 5α-reductase （5-AR） in the skin tissue of mice. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of key proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. ResultCompared with the control group， the model group （after 60 days of modeling） showed reductions in the newly hair area， hair length and weight in the back hair removal area， and ratio of hair follicles containing melanin to total hair follicles （P<0.05， P<0.01）， elevated levels of T， DHT， and 5-AR， up-regulated expression level of glycogen synthase kinase-3β （GSK-3β） （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and down-regulated expression levels of β-catenin， phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β （p-GSK-3β）， and p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β （P<0.05， P<0.01） in the skin tissue. Compared with the model group， the positive drug， low-， medium-， and high-dose stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix， and low-， medium-， and high-dose Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata improved the newly hair area and hair length of mice （P<0.01）， and stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata at low and medium doses improved the weight of newly formed hair in mice （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The positive drug， low-， medium-， and high-dose stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix， and low- and high-dose Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata increased the ratio of hair follicles containing melanin to total hair follicles in the skin tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata at the same doses， the medium and high doses of stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix increased the ratio of melanin-containing hair follicles to total hair follicles （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， stewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix lowered the levels of T and DHT， down-regulated the expression level of GSK-3β （P<0.01）， and up-regulated the expression levels of β-catenin， p-GSK-3β， and p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β （P<0.05， P<0.01） in the skin tissue of the mice. ConclusionStewed Polygoni Multiflori Radix can ameliorate androgenic alopecia in mice by reducing the androgen level and promoting Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Gliomas are the most common central nervous system tumours; they are highly aggressive and have a poor prognosis. RGS16 belongs to the regulator of G-protein signalling (RGS) protein family, which plays an important role in promoting various cancers, such as breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer. Moreover, previous studies confirmed that let-7c-5p, a well-known microRNA, can act as a tumour suppressor to regulate the progression of various tumours by inhibiting the expression of its target genes. However, whether RGS16 can promote the progression of glioma and whether it is regulated by miR let-7c-5p are still unknown. Here, we confirmed that RGS16 is upregulated in glioma tissues and that high expression of RGS16 is associated with poor survival. Ectopic deletion of RGS16 significantly suppressed glioma cell proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, RGS16 was validated as a direct target gene of miR let-7c-5p. The overexpression of miR let-7c-5p obviously downregulated the expression of RGS16, and knocking down miR let-7c-5p had the opposite effect. Thus, we suggest that the suppression of RGS16 by miR let-7c-5p can promote glioma progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma.
Humans ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Glioma/genetics* ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Cell Line, Tumor

Objective: To assess the effects of subchronic intake of high-dose Dendrobium officinale on body weight, food intake, food utilization, and blood biochemical parameters in rats, so as to provide insights into assessment of edible safety of D. officinale. Methods: Eighty SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into the low-, medium- and high-dose groups and the control group, of 10 male and 10 female rats in each group. Rats in the low-, medium- and high-dose groups were administered with D. officinale feeds at doses of 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 g/kg body weight, respectively, while animals in the control group were given basic diet for successive 13 weeks. The rat body weight, food intake, food utilization, and blood biochemical parameters were compared between groups. Results: Normal diet and activity was seen in all rats, and no abnormal syndromes, signs or deaths were found during the study. There were no significant differences in rat body weight, food intake, total weight gain, total food intake, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea nitrogen, creatinine, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, albumin/globulin ratio or blood glucose among four groups (P>0.05). The food utilization 7 weeks post-administration [(8.71%±0.78%) vs. (10.54%±1.37%), P<0.05] and the total food utilization [(18.00%±0.41%) vs. (19.51%±1.21%), P<0.05] were significantly lower in male rats in the high-dose group than in the control group. Conclusion Subchronic intake of high-dose D. officinale shows no toxicity in rats, and reduced food utilization may be associated with the health function of D. officinale in male rats.

Objective:To investigate the screening values of immunocytochemical P16/Ki-67 double staining, P16 INK4α single staining and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing for high-grade cervical lesions. Methods:The clinical data of 622 patients who underwent cervical thin-layer liquid-based cytology (TCT) and HR-HPV testing in General Hospital of Taiyuan Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. from March 2019 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The remaining cytological specimens were detected by P16/Ki-67 double staining and P16 INK4α single staining. Among them, 334 patients with TCT results suggesting atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and above and HPV-positive underwent colposcopy pathological biopsy. Using pathological results as reference, the positive predictive value, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of P16/Ki-67 double staining, P16 INK4α single staining and HR-HPV testing for screening of high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL) and cervical cancer were compared. Results:Taking the results of histopathology as references, combined with the results of TCT, 31 of 622 patients were HSIL, of which 22 (71.0%) were positive for P16/Ki-67 double staining, 23 (74.2%) were positive for P16 INK4α single staining, and 25 (80.6%) were positive for HR-HPV testing; 4 cases were cervical cancer, and the positive rates of the three detection methods were all 100.0% (4/4). Among 622 patients, the positive rates of P16/Ki-67 double staining, P16 INK4α single staining and HR-HPV testing for screening of HSIL and cervical cancer were 13.99% (87/622), 25.40% (158/622) and 21.38% (133/622); the positive predictive values were 29.89%, 17.09% and 21.08%; the accuracies were 91.19%, 78.94% and 83.28%; the specificities were 89.77%, 77.98% and 82.46%; the sensitivities were 74.29%, 77.14% and 82.86%. The positive rate, positive predictive value, specificity and accuracy of P16/Ki-67 double staining were higher than those of P16 INK4α single staining and HR-HPV testing, and the differences were statistically significant ( z values were -5.062 and -3.418, 2.328 and 2.450, 5.436 and 3.570, 6.043 and 4.161, all P < 0.05); the sensitivity of HR-HPV testing was higher than that of P16/Ki-67 double staining and P16 INK4α single staining, but the differences were not statistically significant ( z values were -0.890 and 1.017, both P > 0.05). Conclusions:HR-HPV testing is more suitable for primary cervical lesion screening; P16/Ki-67 double staining can be used as a potential combined cell screening tool or an effective triage tool; P16 INK4α single staining has certain limitations.

Objective:To study the effect of mindfulness-based training intervention on clinical efficacy in patients with nitrous oxide(laughing gas) addiction.Methods:From June 2019 to June 2020, sixty-six patients with nitrous oxide addiction in Beijing Gaoxin Hospital were selected and randomly divided into experimental group( n=33) and control group( n=33). The control group received Taijiquan training and physical training, while the experimental group added mindfulness-based training intervention on the basis of Taijiquan training and physical training.Symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) scores and visual analog scales (VAS) craving scores were compared between the two groups at admission and 8 weeks after treatment.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Independent sample t test and paired sample t test were used to compare the differences between groups and within groups. Results:(1)Before treatment, there were no significant differences in subscale scores of SCL-90 between the two groups except for depression factor((2.45±0.86), (2.03±0.46), t=2.474, P<0.05). After treatment, the subscale scores of somatization((1.38±0.35), (1.68±0.34), t=-3.656, P<0.05), phobic anxiety((1.49±0.37), (1.81±0.30), t=-3.993, P<0.05), paranoid ideation((1.50±0.47), (1.88±0.31), t=-3.898, P<0.05) and psychotism((1.34±0.54), (1.55±0.27), t=-3.094, P<0.05) of SCL-90 in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group.(2)Before treatment, there was no significant difference in VAS craving score between the two groups( t=0.857, P=0.395). After treatment, the score of VAS in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group( t=27.427, P<0.05). Conclusion:Mindfulness training intervention can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients with nitrous oxide addiction, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective:Based on the current medical environment, to learn about cognition status of doctor-patient relationship among medical students and analyze causes of the tension between doctors and patients.Methods:Using the self-designed questionnaire "Clinical Medical Students' Cognition Survey on Occupational Status and Doctor-Patient Relationship", a cross-sectional survey was conducted on 527 medical students from 5-year and 7-year clinical program in Batch 2014 in a medical university in Heilongjiang Province. The survey mainly analyzed the causes of the tension between doctors and patients from the level of medical staff, patients and their families, hospitals and society. SPSS 22.0 was used for descriptive statistics and chi-square test.Results:The results showed that 93.7% of the medical students believed that the current doctor-patient relationship was not harmonious. There were cognitive differences among medical students in different gender ( P=0.029), first contact clinical grade ( P=0.003) and professional identity ( P<0.001). Conclusion:Medical students have a poor evaluation towards the current doctor-patient relationship. In order to construct harmonious doctor-patient relationship in the future, we can try to take measures such as carrying out relevant courses of doctor-patient communication, improving the medical students' communication skills and enhancing their professional identity.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of wearing earphone to listen to music on the high-frequency noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) in noise-exposure workers. METHODS: A total of 651 male noise-exposure workers in an automobile manufacturer were selected as study subjects by using judgment sampling method. The level of noise exposure in the individuals and the pure tone hearing threshold were tested. According to the frequency of wearing earphone to listen to music after work, the subjects were divided into low-, medium-and high-frequency earphone-using groups, with 60, 436 and 155 workers in each group, respectively. The effects of wearing earphone to listen to music combined with occupational noise exposure on high-frequency NIHL were analyzed. RESULTS: The high-frequency NIHL detection rate of the study subjects was 31.3%(204/651). The detection rate of high-frequency NIHL in these three groups from low to high was low-, medium-and high-frequency earphone-using groups(P<0.01). The detection rate of high-frequency NIHL in the high-frequency earphone-using group was higher than that of the low-and medium-frequency earphone-using groups(43.2% vs 25.0%, 43.2% vs 28.0%, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that wearing earphones to listen to music was a risk factor for high-frequency NIHL in noise-exposure workers(P<0.01) after eliminating the influence of confounding factors such as age, length and level of noise-exposure, and wearing anti-noise ear plugs. The higher frequency of wearing earphone to listen to music, the higher risk of high-frequency NIHL. CONCLUSION: Wearing earphone to listen to music after work and occupational noise exposure had a synergistic effect on high-frequency NIHL in noise-exposure workers.

Objective To investigate the corrections of critical closing pressure (CrCP) with cerebral vasospasm (CVS),delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).Methods Patients with aSAH were retrospectively enrolled.CrCP was calculated on the basis of recorded arterial pressure and blood flow velocities at the proximal middle cerebral artery detected by transcranial Doppler.Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify the factors influencing CVS,DCI and poor outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale scores 1-3).The correlations between CrCP and CVS,DCI and poor outcome was analyzed.Results A total of 104 patients with aSAH were included in the study,including 56 (53.8％) with CVS,and 36 (34.6％) with DCI.100 patients were included in the analysis of the outcome,including 47 cases of poor outcome.There were significant differences in CrCP values before and after CVS (40.2 ± 11.5 mmHg vs 33.8 ± 10.4 mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa;t =3.089,P=0.001).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that CrCP is the independent risk factor of CVS (odds ratio [OR] 1.149,95％ confidence interval[CI] 1.112-1.352;P =0.019),DCI (OR 13.413,95％ CI 3.458-51.710;P =0.005) and poor outcome (OR 1.832,95％ CI 1.088-3.357;P =0.042) in patients with aSAH.Conclusion Increased CrCP was independently associated with CVS,DCI,and poor outcome in patients with aSAH.