Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder, typically managed with on-demand medications during acute attacks. Clinical trials and real-world studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of icatibant in treating acute HAE attacks. This article aims to summarize research findings on icatibant in HAE treatment, providing a reference for its clinical application.

Objective:To investigate symptoms of anxiety and depression among primary and middle school students quarantined in hotels during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:Anxiety and depression symptoms among 726 primary and middle school students quarantined in hotels were investigated with The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders(SCARED)and Depression Self-rating Scale for Children(DSRSC)from September to October 2022 in Chifeng City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.There were 624 students completed investi-gation with response rate of 86％.The positive score of SCARED was ≥23 and DSRSC was ≥ 15.Results:The detection rates of anxiety and depression were 17.9％and 15.4％respectively.The detection rates of anxiety and depression were higherin middle school students than inprimary school students(Ps＜0.05).The scores of general-ized anxiety and social phobia factors were higher in female students than in male students(Ps＜0.05).The scores of dissociative anxiety factor and depression were higher in middle school students than in primary school students(Ps＜0.05).Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic,middle school students quarantined in hotels are more likely to have anxiety and depression symptoms than primary school students,and female students are more likely to have anxiety symptoms than male students.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of rashes in monkeypox patients through a series of skin biopsies, and examine their pathological features and the most effective tests.Methods:Patients with monkeypox virus infection admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital from June to August 2023 were identified. Among them, 24 patients underwent skin biopsies for clinical pathological study that were included in this study. Clinical information, rash pictures, and nucleic acid test results were analyzed using histopathology, immunohistochemistry, RNAscope ? hybridization and electron microscopy. Results:All 24 patients were male, including 14 patients with concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infection. Their average age was (32.3±5.4) years. The nucleic acid test confirmed monkeypox virus infection. The clinical feature of monkeypox rashes was solitary rather than clustered distribution, with rashes occurring in similar phase, distinguishing it from herpesvirus. The rashes in these patients were mostly scattered, with an average of (13.0±11.8) rashes, and most commonly present in the perineum, face, limbs, and trunk. The three main pathological features of these rashes were ballooning degeneration of the epidermal spinous cell layer, the characteristic intra-cytoplasmic Guarnieri′s bodies and significant infiltration of inflammatory cells in whole dermal layer. Immunohistochemistry, RNAscope ? hybridization, and electron microscopy can all effectively detect the monkeypox virus. Electron microscopy showed viral replication in various types of skin cells. Conclusions:The study describes the pathological features of monkeypox virus rashes. Pathological examination of skin biopsy samples is helpful to diagnose these rashes. The study suggests that the monkeypox virus has a unique epitheliotropic affinity and can infect various types of cells in the skin.

OBJECTIVE To prepare meloxicam solid dispersions tablets, and to investigate their dissolution in vitro. METHODS Crystal inhibition experiments were carried out to screen the carrier materials, and the solid dispersion was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) amd differential scanning calorimeter(DCS). The improved bioavailability of solid dispersions was evaluated through in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. The optimum preparation process of meloxicam solid dispersion tablets was investigated, and the in vitro dissolution curve similarity factor f2 was used as the main evaluation index to screen and optimize the dosage of pH regulator, filler, disintegrator, lubricant, flow aid and the mixing time in the prescription. RESULTS The solid dispersion prepared with Kollidon@VA64 as carrier effectively maintained the supersaturated state of the drug in solution. The results of XRD and DSC showed that the crystal state of meloxicam in the solid dispersion was completely transformed into amorphous state. Compared with meloxicam, solid dispersions significantly increased the solubility, and its peak blood concentration(Cmax) and relative bioavailability were increased by 208.09% and 241.78%, respectively. The optimal formulation and process of meloxicam solid dispersion tablets prepared by direct powder pressing method were meloxicam solid dispersion 35.2%, lactose∶microcrystalline cellulose =1∶1.5, sodium citrate 9.8%, crosslinked povidone 8%, magnesium stearate 0.75%, silica 0.8%, and mixing time 5 min. The dissolution similarity factor f2 of the prepared meloxicam solid dispersion tablets and the original reference preparation in different pH medium was above 50. CONCLUSION Meloxicam solid dispersible tablets are prepared by hot melt extrusion and powder pressing method. The dissolution and bioavailability of meloxicam are improved, and the dissolution behavior of meloxicam is similar to that of the original reference preparation.

Purpose To investigate the expression of C1GALT1 in gastric cancer and its effect on the biological be-havior of BGC-823 in gastric cancer cells.Methods The ex-pression of C1GALT1 mRNA and protein in gastric cancer tis-sues and normal gastric mucosa,gastric cancer cells and normal gastric mucosal cells was analyzed by bioinformatics,qRT-PCR and Western blot;the transient transfection of siRNA into BGC-823 cells was designed with C1GALT1 cDNA sequence as the target.Transwell assay was used to detect the effect of C1GALT1-siRNA on the migration and invasion ability of BGC-823 cells in gastric cancer.Western blot method detected the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in BGC-823 after transfection of C1GALT1-siRNA.Re-sults C1GALT1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines BGC-823,SGC-7901 and MGC-803,and the ex-pression levels were positively correlated with gastric cancer pathological stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ(P＜0.05).After interfering with C1GALT1 in BGC-823 cells,the ability of migration and inva-sion decreased(P＜0.05),epithelial cell markers E-cadherin and Claudin-1 protein expression increased,while mesenchymal cell markers vimentin and Slug protein expression decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion C1GALT1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells,silencing of C1GALT1 can inhibit mi-gration and invasion ability of gastric cancer,the mechanism may be related to EMT.

AIM:To explore the mechanism of PX-12 induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.METHODS:Human hepatoma cell line Huh7 was se-lected as the main research object.After the cells were treated with thioredoxin inhibitor PX-12,the cell viability was detected by CCK8 method,the cell mi-gration ability was detected by cell scratch test,the cell proliferation ability was detected by cell prolif-eration kit,the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis were detected by flow cy-tometry,and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the cell viability,migration ability and proliferation ability of PX-12 treatment group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species was increased(P＜0.05)in a concentration-dependent manner.Apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK and antioxidant NAC could restore the cell viability,and NAC could reduce the accumulation of intracel-lular reactive oxygen species induced by PX-12 and restore the apoptosis induced by PX-12(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:PX-12 induces apoptosis of hepato-cellular carcinoma cells through oxidative stress.

Solitary cervical submental nodule is a relatively rare case in clinical procedure and prone to miss diagnosis.Differential diagnosis with various head and neck diseases is necessary.This article reported a case of solitary cervical submental metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma received in the department of surgery,Civil Aviation Shanghai Hospital,Ruijin Gubei Branch,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.The patient came to the outpatient clinic for treatment due to"consciously larger submental tubercle than before".Ultrasound examination revealed suspicious lesions in both the thyroid and submental regions.Ultrasound-guided final needle aspiration biopsy diagnosed as malignant tumor.Surgical resection was performed and the central group lymph nodes dissected Pathological examination confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma with solitary submental metastasis.This article reported the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this case,in order to improve the disease recognition for clinicians,and make differential diagnosis with other rare neck diseases,and avoid missing diagnoses.

Existing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-related databases are still insufficient in data standardization, integrity and precision, and need to be updated urgently. Herein, an Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine version 2.0 (ETCM v2.0, http://www.tcmip.cn/ETCM2/front/#/) was constructed as the latest curated database hosting 48,442 TCM formulas recorded by ancient Chinese medical books, 9872 Chinese patent drugs, 2079 Chinese medicinal materials and 38,298 ingredients. To facilitate the mechanistic research and new drug discovery, we improved the target identification method based on a two-dimensional ligand similarity search module, which provides the confirmed and/or potential targets of each ingredient, as well as their binding activities. Importantly, five TCM formulas/Chinese patent drugs/herbs/ingredients with the highest Jaccard similarity scores to the submitted drugs are offered in ETCM v2.0, which may be of significance to identify prescriptions/herbs/ingredients with similar clinical efficacy, to summarize the rules of prescription use, and to find alternative drugs for endangered Chinese medicinal materials. Moreover, ETCM v2.0 provides an enhanced JavaScript-based network visualization tool for creating, modifying and exploring multi-scale biological networks. ETCM v2.0 may be a major data warehouse for the quality marker identification of TCMs, the TCM-derived drug discovery and repurposing, and the pharmacological mechanism investigation of TCMs against various human diseases.

Objective:The efficacy of using a single electrical or magnetic stimulation for treating pelvic floor dysfunction is limited.This study aims to investigate the efficacy of radiofrequency combined with magnetic stimulation treatment for mild to moderate pelvic organ prolapse. Methods:Patients who completed the treatment in the Third Xiangya Hospital,Central South University were screened,and were divided into 2 groups based on different treatment plans.There were 28 patients who completed magnetic stimulation therapy(the magnetic stimulation therapy group)and 21 patients who completed radiofrequency combined with magnetic stimulation therapy(the combined treatment group).The pelvic organ prolapse quantitation(POP-Q),pelvic floor muscle strength,and pelvic floor ultrasound results were analyzed to assess the efficacy before and after the treatment in both groups,and the POP-Q results of 3 months after the treatment were used to evaluate the maintenance effect of the treatment mode. Results:The POP-Q evaluation results of Aa,Ap,and C points after the treatment in both groups were better than those before the treatment,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).The Aa point POP-Q result of the combined treatment group was better than that of the magnetic stimulation therapy group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Pelvic floor ultrasound evaluation showed that the bladder neck position during the valsalva maneuver in the combined treatment group was higher than that in the magnetic stimulation treatment group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The persistence effect of the combined treatment group was long better than that of the magnetic stimulation treatment group,with significant statistical significance(P＜0.01). Conclusion:The combined treatment is more effective and has a longer lasting effect than single magnetic stimulation treatment.

Congenital hydrocephalus is a major neurological disorder with high rates of morbidity and mortality; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Reproducible animal models mirroring both embryonic and postnatal hydrocephalus are also limited. Here, we describe a new mouse model of congenital hydrocephalus through knockout of β-catenin in Nkx2.1-expressing regional neural progenitors. Progressive ventriculomegaly and an enlarged brain were consistently observed in knockout mice from embryonic day 12.5 through to adulthood. Transcriptome profiling revealed severe dysfunctions in progenitor maintenance in the ventricular zone and therefore in cilium biogenesis after β-catenin knockout. Histological analyses also revealed an aberrant neuronal layout in both the ventral and dorsal telencephalon in hydrocephalic mice at both embryonic and postnatal stages. Thus, knockout of β-catenin in regional neural progenitors leads to congenital hydrocephalus and provides a reproducible animal model for studying pathological changes and developing therapeutic interventions for this devastating disease.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hydrocephalus/genetics* ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons ; beta Catenin/genetics*