Objective To determine the chemical constituents in BSLYT by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS),and to establish a high-performance liquid chromatographic fingerprint of the material basis of BSLYT and the content determination of its six main constituents,mononoside,loganin,oroxin A,oroxin B,baicalein and astilbin,providing a reference for the quality control.Methods The mass spectrometry data were used to establish the fingerprints.The content of the main components in the BSLYT samples was calculated by using the external method,and the discrepency between different batches of samples were analyzed by combining with chemometric methods.Results A total of 69 compounds were identified by mass spectrometry,and 13 compounds were identified after comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The similarity of the baseline characterization profiles of the 15 batches of BSLYT substances was above 0.90,and a total of 27 common peaks were identified.Cluster analysis(CA)classified the substance benchmarks into 2 classes,S1,S2,S5,S8,S9,S13,and S15 were clustered into one class,and S3,S4,S6,S7,S10-S12,and S16 were clustered into one class.By combining PCA and OPLS-DA,the chemical components affecting the baseline classification of the substances were screened and attributed to wood butterfly,cornelian cherry and cocos nigra,respectively.The contents of six components were determined by MICS,which ranged from 0.31%-0.51%,0.12%-0.22%,0.09%-0.19%,0.09%-0.24%,0.07%-0.18%,and 0.08%-0.29%for mononoside,loganin,oroxin A,oroxin B,baicalein and astilbin respectively.Conclusion The fingerprint and multi-indicator content determination method established in this paper are accurate and stable,which provide a basis for the quality control of the material benchmark of Kidney and Pharynx Formula and its related preparations.

Objective:To explore the cause of inconsistency between the results of trisomy 7 by expanded non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT-PLUS) and trisomy 18 by prenatal diagnosis.Methods:A pregnant woman who received genetic counseling at Jiaozuo Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital on July 5, 2020 was selected as the study subject. NIPT-PLUS, systematic ultrasound and interventional prenatal testing were carried out. The middle segment and root of umbilical cord, center and edge of the maternal and fatal surface of the placenta were sampled for the validation by copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq).Results:The result of NIPT-PLUS indicated that the fetus has trisomy 7. Systematic ultrasound has shown multiple malformations including atrioventricular septal defect, horseshoe kidney, and rocker-bottom feet. However, QF-PCR, chromosomal karyotyping analysis, and CNV-seq of amniotic fluid samples all showed that the fetus was trisomy 18. Validation using multiple placental samples confirmed that the middle segment of the umbilical cord contains trisomy 18, the center of the placenta contained trisomy 7, and other placental sites were mosaicism for trisomy 7 and trisomy 18. Notably, the ratio of trisomy 18 became lower further away from the umbilical cord.Conclusion:The false positive results of trisomy 7 and false negative trisomy 18 by NIPT-PLUS was probably due to the existence of placental mosaicism. Strict prenatal diagnosis is required needed aneuploidy is detected by NIPT-PLUS to exclude the influence of placental mosaicisms.

Adipose progenitor cells(APCs) represent a prominent stromal cellular component of adipose tissue and are now identified as highly heterogenous populations. However, the role of APCs in regulating systemic metabolism remains unknown. Using single cell RNA-sequencing, we investigated the role of the APC subpopulations in regulating development of type 2 diabetes. CD9 + CD55 low APCs are the novel subset identified in this study, which is significantly increased in type 2 diabetic patients. Transplantation of these cells from type 2 diabetic patients into adipose tissue caused glycemic disturbance in mice. Depletion of pathogenic APCs improved obesity-related glycemic disturbance. Collectively, our data provide deeper insights into human APC functionality and highlights APCs as a potential therapeutic target to combat type 2 diabetes. This study has been published in Nature Communications, 2024, 15(1): 4827.

Objectives:This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of bendamustine in combination with rituximab (BR regimen) for the treatment of newly diagnosed indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-iNHL) and elderly mantle cell lymphoma (eMCL) .Methods:From December 1, 2020 to September 10, 2022, a multi-center prospective study was conducted across ten Grade A tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province, China. The BR regimen was administered to evaluate its efficacy and safety in newly diagnosed B-iNHL and eMCL patients, and all completed at least four cycles of induction therapy.Results:The 72 enrolled patients with B-iNHL or MCL were aged 24-74 years, with a median age of 55 years. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status scores of 0-1 were observed in 76.4% of patients, while 23.6% had scores of 2. Disease distribution included follicular lymphoma (FL) (51.4% ), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) (33.3% ), eMCL (11.1% ), and the unknown subtype (4.2% ). According to the Ann Arbor staging system, 16.7% and 65.3% of patients were diagnosed with stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ lymphomas, respectively. Following four cycles of BR induction therapy, the overall response rate was 98.6%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 83.3% and a partial response (PR) rate of 15.3%. Only one eMCL patient experienced disease progression during treatment, and only one FL patient experienced a relapse. Even when evaluated using CT alone, the CR rate was 63.9%, considering the differences between PET/CT and CT assessments. The median follow-up duration was 11 months (range: 4-22), with a PFS rate of 96.8% and an OS rate of 100.0%. The main hematologic adverse reactions included grade 3-4 leukopenia (27.8%, with febrile neutropenia observed in 8.3% of patients), grade 3-4 lymphopenia (23.6% ), grade 3-4 anemia (5.6% ), and grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia (4.2% ). The main non-hematologic adverse reactions such as fatigue, nausea/vomiting, rash, and infections occurred in less than 20.0% of patients.Conclusion:Within the scope of this clinical trial conducted in China, the BR regimen demonstrated efficacy and safety in treating newly diagnosed B-iNHL and eMCL patients.

Objective: To observe the effect of 25G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap and sterile air or perfluoropropane (C₃F₈) tamponade in the treatment of idiopathic macular hole (IMH). Methods: A retrospective case analysis. From December 2015 to December 2016 in Tianjin Eye Hospital, 101 eyes of 98 consecutive IMH patients who underwent 25G PPV combined with or without ILM flap and sterile air or C₃F₈ tamponade, were included in this study. All patients underwent BCVA and OCT examination. The BCVA examination was performed using the international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted into logMAR visual acuity. The patients were divided into three groups according to preoperative minimum liner diameter of Hole (MLD) and surgical methods: MLD<400 μm for the group A, 41 eyes of 39 patients, MLD more than 400 μm without ILM flap surgery as the group B, 39 eyes of 38 patients, including 16 eyes tamponaded with air and 23 eyes tamponaded with C₃F₈, MLD more than 400 μm with ILM flap as the group C, a total of 21 patients of 21 eyes, including 7 eyes tamponaded with air and 14 eyes tamponaded with C₃F₈. The logMAR BCVA of group A, B and C were 0.82±0.39, 1.11±0.42, 1.25±0.50, respectively. The follow-up times were 1 week, 1 month, 3 month, 6 month and 1 year post operation, BCVA and OCT were performed at each follow-up time. The hole closure rate and BCVA improvement were observed. Results: The postoperative BCVA of group A, B and C was improved obviously,the differences were statistically significant (t=−11.66, −7.52, −4.99; P<0.01). There was no significant difference in improvement of visual acuity between the three groups (A and B, A and C, B and C group: t=0.77, −0.41, 0.28; P=0.44, 0.72, 0.76). 96.94% macular hole closure occurred in 7 days post operation. The postoperative visual acuity improved significantly in 3 mouth after operation, Conclusions The macular hole closure occurred mainly in 1 week after operation, postoperative visual acuity increased mostly in the 3rd month post operation. There is no advantage of ILM flap in improve postoperative visual acuity of IMH patients with MLD more than 400 μm.

Objective To evaluate the enhancing effects of scleral biomechanics and safety of collagen crosslinking by using minimally invasive riboflavin and ultraviolet A.Methods Fifty-six healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into non-cosslinking group,post-crosslinking 1-day group,post-crosslinking 7-day group,postcrosslinking 15-day group,post-crosslinking 1-month group,post-crosslinking 2-month group and post-crosslinking 3-month group,eight for each group.Riboflavin solution at the concentration of 0.1％ was dropped once per 2 minutes for 20 minutes,and then minimally invasive riboflavin and ultraviolet A was carried out in the right eyes by putting the lighting emitting diode (LED) probe end of microinvasive ultraviolet scleral crosslinking device to irradiate the posterior sclera for 30 minutes with the wavelength of 370 nm and radiation energy of 3 mW/cm2,and the left eyes served as the normal controls.The scleral temperature was measured using clinical thermometer during the crosslinking period.The rabbits were sacrificed according to the grouping and the eyeballs were obtained.The scleral thickness was measured by callipers,the pretension and tensile failure tests of sclera strips were tested by micromaterial mechanics performance test system to measure the extreme stress,extreme strain and 8％ elastic modulus.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was employed to examine the morphology of eye tissues.Retinal cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay.Results The scleral thickness was insignificantly different among the non-crosslinking group,post-crosslinking 1-day group,post-crosslinking 7-day group,post-crosslinking 15-day group,post-crosslinking 1-month group,post-crosslinking 2-month group and post-crosslinking 3-month group and between right eyes and left controls (F,es =0.02,P＞0.05;Fgroup =1.71,P＞0.05).Compared with the non-crossliking group,the extreme stress and 8％ elastic modulus of the scleras were significantly increased,and the extreme strain of the scleras was significantly decreased in post-crosslinking 1-day group,post-crosslinking 7-day group,post-crosslinking 15-day group,post-crosslinking 1-month group,postcrosslinking 2-month group and post-crosslinking 3-month group (all at P＜0.05).Not any morphological abnormalities were found in corneas,scleras,irises,ciliary bodies and choroids in various groups.The apoptosis rates of retinal cells were (11.00±0.33)％,(12.33±1.58)％,(12.02±0.45)％,(11.81±0.85)％,(12.15± 0.61)％,(12.14±0.25)％and (11.74±0.63) ％ in the non-crosslinking group,post-crosslinking 1-day group,post-crosslinking 7-day group,postcrosslinking 15-day group,post-crosslinking 1-month group,post-crosslinking 2-month group and post-crosslinking 3-month group,respectively,with no significant difference among the three groups (F =1.78,P =0.14).Conclusions Rabbit sclera collagen crosslinking by using the minimally invasive riboflavin and ultraviolet A can effectively enhance the biomechanical strength of the sclera,and this procedure is safe.

Objective:To investigate the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)in gynecological patients in a hospital and analyze the use rationality of PPIs for the prevention of stress ulcer so as to provide reference for the clinical application of PPIs. Methods:To-tally 1000 patients' medical records admitted to the gynecological department for the first time from January 1st to December 31st in 2016 were randomly selected to conduct a retrospective analysis,and the rationality of PPIs was evaluated. Results:The preventive use rate of PPIs was 90.72%(880/970). Among the 880 patients, 28.18%(248/880) of the patients were without indications for the preventive medication,95.68%(842/880) of the patients were with wrong administration time, and 91.46%(578/632) of the pa-tients were with wrong usage and dosage. Conclusion:When PPIs are used for the prevention of SU in gynecological surgery,irrational use such as without indications, unsuitable variety selection and wrong usage and dosage still exists. It is suggested that regulators should strengthen technical and administrative interventions and establish standard for the rational use of PPIs in hospitals so as to avoid the excessive use of PPIs and improve the situation of inappropriate application.

Objective To observe and analyze the causes and prognosis of postoperative vitreous hemorrhage (PVH) after vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods A total of 160 PDR patients (171 eyes) were enrolled in this retrospective study.There were 85 males and 75 females.The patients aged from 33 to 73 years,with the mean age of (56.40±8.97) years.All the patients were performed 25G pars plana vitrectomy by the same doctor.Fibrovascular membrane peeling and panretinal photocoagulation were performed during the operation.Combined phacoemulsification was performed in one hundred and five patients.Vitreous tamponade was used at the end of surgery,including silicone oil (43 eyes),C3F8 (63 eyes),air or fluid (65 eyes).The follow-up ranged from 6 to 22 months,with the mean follow-up of (9.34±6.97) months.The features of PVH were observed.The difference of age,HbA1 c,creatinine level,the severity of the fundus lesions,whether received treatment of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),whether received combined cataract phacoemulsification were analyzed to find out the cause and prognosis of PVH.Results The corrected vision of all the patients after the primary PPV at the latest follow up was finger counting/1 meter.PVH occurred in 15 eyes of 15 patients,the incidence was 8.77％.The PVH occurred 2 weeks to 6 months after surgery.There were significant difference in age (t=2.551),proportion with tractional retinal detachment (x2=7.431),progressive fibrovascular proliferation (x2=4.987) and using anti-VEGF (x2=9.742) between the patients with and without PVH (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in HbAlc (t=0.501),creatinine level (t=1.529),and the proportion of cataract phacoemulsification (x2=0.452) between the patients with and without PVH (P＞0.05).During follow-up,neovascularization of iris (NVI) occurred in 1 eye and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) occurred in 4 eyes.Seven eyes underwent reoperation,7 eyes were spontaneous recovered,1 eye with NVG give up treatment.Fibrovascular membrane was the major cause of recurrent hemorrhage.At the end of follow-up,hemorrhage was absorbed in all the 14 eyes which were treated,12 eyes had same visual acuity compared to that before postoperative hemorrhage,2 eyes with NVG had decreased vision.There was significant difference in the corrected vision between the patients with and without NVI or NVG (P=0.022).Conclusions PVH after PPV for PDR is closely related to the severity of diabetic retinopathy,fibrovascular membrane is the major cause of recurrent hemorrhage.NVG is an important factor related to vision acuity prognosis.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the rationality of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the prevention of stress ulcer in perioperative orthopedic patients of our hospitals,and to provide reference for ratioual use of PPIs in clinic.METHODS:The medical records of discharged orthopedic patients were selected during Jan.1st-30th in 2016.Those records were analyzed statistically in respects of the use of PPIs,general information of patients,operation situation,the stressors and risk factors of stress ulcer.The rationality of the use of PPIs was analyzed comprehensively.RESULTS:Among 664 surgical patients,PPIs were used in 210 cases,and H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) were used in 74 cases,with prophylactic rate of 42.77％.The main types of operation were fracture fixation (74 cases,35.24％),discectomy and discectomy (38 cases,18.11％).Among 210 patients receiving PPIs,all of them used PPIs,among which 68 cases (32.38％) had no medication indications,128 cases (60.95％) were medication timing error,74 cases (35.24％) were administration frequency error and 44 cases (20.95％) were more than 3 d prophylactic drug use.CONCLUSION:When orthopedic patients use PPIs for the prevention of stress ulcer,there are serious irrational phenomena in indications,species selection,usage and dosage,treatment course and so on.Clinicians and regulators should pay great attention to it so as to avoid the excessive application of PPIs.

Objective:To explore the effects of Bufalin on the growth and proliferation of human glioma cells U251. Methods:Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay was used to detect the effect of Bufalin on the proliferation of human glioma cells U251. An in-verted microscope was used to observe the changes of cell number,morphology and activity. AnnexinV/ PI was used to measure the in-duction of cell apoptosis caused by Bufalin. Results:Bufalin at different concentrations(0. 001 - 10. 0μmol·L - 1 )inhibited the pro-liferation of U251 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Compared with that of the control group,the apoptosis rate of Bufalin group was increased significantly(P < 0. 01). Conclusion:Bufalin can inhibit the growth and proliferation of U251 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner,and induce the apoptosis of U251 cells.