Objective:To retrieve, review and summarize the best evidence on nonpharmacologic prevention and management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with ischemic stroke (IS) .Methods:According to the "6S" model, Best Practice, UpToDate, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, PubMed, CINAHL, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP Databases, and dedicated stroke websites in China and abroad were searched for the evidence of nonpharmacologic prevention and management of VTE in IS patients, including clinical decision-making, best practice, evidences summary, guidelines, systematic reviews, expert consensus and randomized controlled trials published up to March 20, 2022. Evidence was extracted and summarized after quality assessment of the literature.Results:A total of 19 articles were included, including 2 clinical decision-making articles, 2 evidences summaries, 8 guidelines, 3 systematic reviews, and 4 expert consensus. A total of 38 pieces of best evidence were collected from 6 aspects: organizational security, risk assessment, screening and diagnosis, basic prevention, mechanical prevention and health education.Conclusions:This study summarizes the best evidence for nonpharmaceutical prevention and management of VTE in IS patients. It is recommended to promote the clinical application of this evidence scientifically and in a planned way through multidisciplinary collaboration in combination with clinical situations, factors promoting and hindering the application of evidences, and patient wishes.

The clinical data of a case of compound oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 10 (COXPD10) caused by a new site mutation of MTO1 gene in the Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University on December 29, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.The patient was a 2 months and 19 days old boy of Han nationality.The main clinical manifestations were shortness of breath, hyperlactic acidemia, hyperammonemia and brain damage.Cardiac hypertrophy was not obvious.Heterozygous mutations at c. 344delA and c. 1055C>T sites in the MTO1 gene have not been reported in domestic and foreign literature.COXPD10 caused by MTO1 gene mutations may result in diversified clinical manifestations due to inconsistent mutation sites.For hyperlactic acidemia with unknown predisposing factors, early genetic examination should be conducted to confirm the possibility of COXPD10.

BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, breast cancer is still a leading cause of cancer death for women. Compelling evidence suggests that targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) have a crucial impact on overcoming the current shortcomings of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the present study, we aimed to study the effects of T cells and a critical anti-tumor cytokine, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), on breast cancer stem cells. METHODS: BALB/c mice and BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously injected with 4T1 tumor cells. Tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis were assessed. ALDEFLOUR™ assays were performed to identify aldehyde dehydrogenasebright (ALDHbr) tumor cells. ALDHbr cells as well as T cells from tumor-bearing BALB/c mice were analyzed using flow cytometry. The effects of CD8+ T cells on ALDHbr tumor cells were assessed in vitro and in vivo. The expression profiles of ALDHbr and ALDHdim 4T1 tumor cells were determined. The levels of plasma IFN-γ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and their associations with the percentages of ALDHbr tumor cells were evaluated. The effects of IFN-γ on ALDH expression and the malignancy of 4T1 tumor cells were analyzed in vitro. RESULTS: There were fewer metastatic nodules in tumor-bearing BALB/c mice than those in tumor-bearing BALB/c nude mice (25.40 vs. 54.67, P < 0.050). CD8+ T cells decreased the percentages of ALDHbr 4T1 tumor cells in vitro (control vs. effector to target ratio of 1:1, 10.15% vs. 5.76%, P < 0.050) and in vivo (control vs. CD8+ T cell depletion, 10.15% vs. 21.75%, P < 0.001). The functions of upregulated genes in ALDHbr 4T1 tumor cells were enriched in the pathway of response to IFN-γ. The levels of plasma IFN-γ decreased gradually in tumor-bearing BALB/c mice, while the percentages of ALDHbr tumor cells in primary tumors increased. IFN-γ at a concentration of 26.68 ng/mL decreased the percentages of ALDHbr 4T1 tumor cells (22.88% vs. 9.88%, P < 0.050) and the protein levels of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 in 4T1 tumor cells (0.86 vs. 0.49, P < 0.050) and inhibited the abilities of sphere formation (sphere diameter <200 μm, 159.50 vs. 72.0; ≥200 μm, 127.0 vs. 59.0; both P < 0.050) and invasion (89.67 vs. 67.67, P < 0.001) of 4T1 tumor cells. CONCLUSION CD8+ T cells and IFN-γ decreased CSC numbers in a 4T1 mouse model of breast cancer. The application of IFN-γ may be a potential strategy for reducing CSCs in breast cancer.
Aldehydes ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplastic Stem Cells

Life-limiting fetal condition (LLFC) is a devastating event for the entire family, and it can also cause work distress and negative emotions for healthcare workers. The implementation of high-quality perinatal palliative care (PPC) can help pregnant women and families cope with the pain caused by trauma and maximize the quality of life and comfort of the fetus. Perinatal palliative care knowledge, skills, and attitudes of health care workers are closely related to the quality of palliative care services and maternal and infant outcomes. This article summarizes the knowledge, skills, and attitude assessment tools of perinatal palliative care of health care workers, in order to provide a reference for the development of perinatal palliative care assessment tools suitable for China.

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of intensive cladribine-based conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in children with major thalassemia. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 12 children with major thalassemia undergoing allo-HSCT from March 2017 to July 2018. All of them were diagnosed definitely and the median age at transplantation was 5 years (range: 2-13 years), including HSCT from HLA-matched unrelated donor (n=8), HLA8/10-matched unrelated donor (n=1), HLA-matched sibing donor (n=2) and haploidentical donor (n=1). They received a new intensive conditioning regimen of cyclophosphamide (CTX), cladribine, busulfan (Bu) and antithymocytic globulin. The median doses of mononuclear cell (MNC) and CD34 positive cell were 10.97×10⁸/kg (range: 5.72-12.49×10⁸/kg) and 12.2×10⁶/kg (range: 6.7-22×10⁶/kg). Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was prevented by cyclosporine A (CSA), methotrexate (MTX) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). Results: Engraftment succeeded (n=11) and failed (n=1). The median time of neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 11 days (range: 8-17 days) and 13 days (range: 8-37 days) respectively. There were grade II acute GVHD (n=6) and grade IV intestinal acute GVHD (n=1) at 35 days post-transplantation. The latter one finally died of severe infection at 70 days post-transplantation. Two recipients of DLI developed limited chronic GVHD. Three cases (25%) developed cytomegaloviremia. None suffered from severe transplantation-related complications, such as cytomegalovirus diseases, hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD), hemorrhagic cystitis or septicemia, etc. The median follow-up time was 15(8-18) months. Among 11 survivors, ten became transfusion-independent. Conclusions Cladribine-based conditioning regimen is both safe and effective for allo-HSCT in children with major thalassemia. However, vigorous immunosuppression may increase the risks of infection and viral activation after transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4, AFP, and CA125 in gastric stromal tumors. Methods 41 patients with gastric stromal tumors and 11 patients with gastric leiomyoma were recruited in this study from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University during May 2014 to December 2017. The tissue was collected by surgery, and HE staining was done. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of CD34, CD117, and DOG-1. Serum of all cases and 41 healthy volunteers in the same hospital were collected. The levels of CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4, AFP and CA125 were examined by electrochemiluminescence assay, and the differences in each group were compared by M-W test or K-W test. Then the relationship between those biomarkers and the clinical parameters of gastric stromal tumors was analyzed. Moreover, AUC (Area Under the curve), cut-off value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value with drawing ROC curve (receiver operating characteristic curve) were also calculated. Results Spindle cells or epithelioid cells were observed in the tissue of gastric stromal tumors. The expression of CD34, CD117, DOG-1 were positive. The level of the serum CEA 1.53 (1.15, 2.22) ng/ml in patients with gastric stromal tumor patients was higher than that in healthy controls 1.06 (0.62, 1.48) ng/ml and that in patients with gastric leiomyoma 0.79 (0.39, 1.39) ng/ml (the U value was 446.5, and 113.0 respectively, P<0.05). The level of CA19-9 in gastric stromal tumors 9.30 (4.95, 12.70) U/ml was higher than that in healthy controls 6.62 (4.56, 8.82) U/ml (the U value was 615.5, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in AFP, CA125, and CA72-4 of three groups (the H value was 4.348, 1.073, and 3.897, P>0.05). Furthermore, the level of CEA was closely related to TNM stage (the U value was 129.0, P<0.05). The diagnostic value of CEA and CA19-9 was statistically not significant (P>0.05). However, the combination of two markers might increase diagnostic efficiency. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and AUC was 92.7％, 48.8％, 64.4％, 87.0％ and 0.752 respectively. Conclusion The combination of CEA and CA19-9 has better sensitivity and negative predictive value in auxiliary diagnosis of gastric stromal tumors.

ObjectiveTo observethe clinical efficacy of surround needling plus high-energy red light in treating herpes zoster. MethodSixty patients with herpes zoster were randomized into a medication group, a control group and a united group. The medication group was intervened by oral administration of medication, the control group was by surround needling plus electroacupuncture in addition to the medication, and the united group was by the medication, surround needling plus electroacupuncture, and the high-energy red light radiation. The effect on pain and the comprehensive therapeutic efficacy were evaluated on treatment day 5 and day 10.ResultThe efficacies in releasing pain in the control group and united group were significantly superior to that in the medication group on treatment day 5 (P<0.05), while the difference between the control group and united group was statistically insignificant (P>0.05); on treatment day 10, the effects on releasing pain in the control group and united group were more significant than that in the medication group (P<0.01), and the effect in the united group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05). The comprehensive therapeutic efficacy in the united group was superior to that in the medication group on treatment day 5 (P<0.01); the difference between the control group and medication group was statistically insignificant (P>0.05); on treatment day 10, the efficacies in the control group and united group were significantly better than that in the medication group (P<0.01), and the efficacy in the united group was superior to that in the control group (P<0.05). ConclusionSurround needling plus high-energy red light can effectively reduce the neuralgia caused by herpes zoster, shorten the pain duration, improve the symptoms, andthus this combination is an effective and safe method.

OBJECTIVETo establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of eight iridiods in Gardeniae Fructus.

METHODKromasil C18 column (4. 6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was adopted, with acetonitrile-water-trifluoroacetic acid (6:94: 0.05) as the mobile phase at the flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm, and the column temperature was 40 degrees C.

RESULTThe linear ranges of geniposide, gardoside, shanzhiside, geniposidic acid, deacetyl asperulosidic acid methyl ester, gardenoside, scandoside methyl ester, and genipin gentiobioside were 1.5036 - 15.036, 0.04256 - 0.4256, 0.1038 - 1.038, 0.00992 - 0.0992, 0.02332 - 0.2332, 0.4128 - 4.128, 0.02040 - 0.2040 and 0.4656 - 4.656 microg, respectively. Their average recoveries were 99.6% , 100.6% , 101.2%, 99.5%, 100.3% , 98.7%, 99.8% and 100.1%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe method shows good separation and it is so simple, accurate and highly repeatable that it can be used for providing basis for quality control of Gardeniae Fructus.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Iridoid Glycosides ; analysis ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate influence of chromosomal translocations on early embryo development and to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)techniques through clinical analysis on PGD cycles. Methods Embryo development, efficacy of PGD and clinical outcome of 100 cycles were studied retrospectively, including 23 cycles with Robertsonian translocations, 19 cycles with reciprocal translocations, and 58 cycles for α-Thalassaemia. Results Among 354 embryos biopsied by PGD for translocations, 321 (90. 7% ) presented fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results. The rate of normal/balanced embryos in the Robertsonian translocation was 38. 3% (64/167),which was significantly higher than 20. 8% (32/154) in the reciprocal translocation group. Amplification was achieved in 443 blastomeres from 537 embryos in Thalassaemia group, which given to an amplification efficiency rate of 82. 5% ( 443/537 ). Totally, 140 normal homozygous, 112 heterozygotes and 155 affected homozygous embryos were identified, while 36 embryos had uncertain result. The successful diagnostic rate was 75.8% (407/537). After 3 days in the translocation groups, the rate of normal and/or balanced translocations in biopsed embryos with ≥7 cells was 34. 4% (77/224), which was significantly higher than 19. 6% ( 19/97 ) of biopsed embryos with ＜ 7 cells. After 4 days, the compaction rate in normal/balanced embryos was 59.4% ( 57/96 ), which was significantly higher than 34. 2% ( 77/225 ) in imbalanced embryos significantly. Seventy-five embryos transferred in 37 cycles with translocations group led to clinical pregnancy rate of 27.0% (10/37), and 170 embryos transferred in 58 cycles with Thalassaemia got a clinical pregnancy rate of 43. 1% ( 25/58 ) . Conclusions PGD can provide management efficiently for both chromosome translocations and Thalassaemia. Translocations might have slightly negative impact on embryo development before implantation.

Objective To compare the diagnostic efficiency between blastomere preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and polar body PGD for chromosomal translocation carriers. Methods Group A had 8 cycles using whole painting probes for the first polar body diagnosis, while group B had 29 cycles using two subtelomeric probes and one centromeric probe for the blastomere diagnosis. Results The fertilization rate of group A was significantly lower than group B [66. 1% (72/109) vs 85.2% (304/357) , P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in the successful biopsy rate between two groups. However, group A had a significantly higher loss rate during fixation and higher no signal rate after fluorescence in situ hybridization [ FISH, 9. 6% (12/104) vs 1.6% (4/252), 11.2% (10/89) vs 3.0% (7/233) ]. Totally, the diagnostic efficiency in group A (72. 5% ,79/109 ) was significantly lower than that in group B( 89. 8%, 230/256, P < 0. 05 ). Although both the clinical pregnancy rate( 3/7 ) and implantation rate( 22. 2% ,4/18 ) of group A were higher, the differences were not statistically significant ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion Both methods can be used efficiently in the PGD for chromosomal translocation carriers. Blastomere PGD has a higher diagnostic rate.